Cardio 6
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Questions and Answers

What is the driving force for blood flow?

  • The resistance of the vessel to blood flow
  • The radius of the blood vessel
  • The viscosity of the blood
  • The pressure difference between the two ends of the vessel (correct)

    • According to the Poiseuille equation, which factor has the greatest effect on vascular resistance?

  • Blood viscosity
  • Length of the blood vessel
  • Radius of the blood vessel (correct)
  • Pressure difference

    • What is the relationship between vascular resistance and blood flow?

  • Decreasing resistance increases flow (correct)
  • Resistance and flow are directly proportional
  • Resistance and flow are unrelated
  • Increasing resistance increases flow

    • What is the direction of blood flow determined by?

    <p>The pressure gradient from high to low pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major mechanism for changing blood flow in the cardiovascular system?

    <p>Changing the radius of the blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average pressure in the aorta?

    <p>around 100 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of veins in the circulatory system?

    <p>To transport deoxygenated blood from tissues back to the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is directly proportional to the resistance to blood flow?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about vein compliance is correct?

    <p>Vein compliance is higher than artery compliance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to blood distribution when veins constrict?

    <p>Blood shifts from veins to arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the radius of a blood vessel decreases by half, how does the resistance change?

    <p>It increases by a factor of 16</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the arrangement of blood vessels and the total resistance to blood flow?

    <p>Vessels arranged in parallel offer less resistance than vessels arranged in series</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of valves in veins?

    <p>To prevent backflow of blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating the resistance to blood flow?

    <p>$R = 8\eta l/\pi r^4$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor contributes to the large blood storage capacity of the venous system?

    <p>Large cross-sectional area of veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the velocity of blood flow in veins compare to arteries?

    <p>Velocity is lower in veins than arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the parallel arrangement of blood vessels in the systemic circulation?

    <p>To distribute the blood flow to different organs simultaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between cardiac output, blood pressure, and total peripheral resistance?

    <p>Cardiac output is directly proportional to blood pressure and inversely proportional to total peripheral resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the velocity of blood flow as the systemic arteries branch into smaller vessels?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding the cross-sectional area of blood vessels?

    <p>The cross-sectional area is larger for capillaries than for arteries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the velocity of blood flow as it moves from arterioles to capillaries?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the velocity of blood flow relate to the total cross-sectional area of blood vessels?

    <p>They are inversely proportional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the slower blood flow velocity in capillaries?

    <p>To allow more time for nutrient exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is correct about the relationship between blood flow and cross-sectional area?

    <p>Blood flow varies inversely with cross-sectional area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the systemic circulation?

    <p>To carry oxygenated blood away from the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery has the highest compliance in the systemic circulation?

    <p>Aorta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of arterioles in the circulatory system?

    <p>Control blood flow into capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which receptor is predominant in arterioles of most visceral organs?

    <p>Alpha 1 adrenergic receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary endogenous agonist at beta 2 adrenergic receptors in arterioles?

    <p>Epinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do lipid-soluble substances cross the capillary wall?

    <p>By dissolving in and diffusing across the endothelial membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of venules in the circulatory system?

    <p>Collect blood from capillaries and coalesce into veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is vascular resistance highest in the circulatory system?

    <p>Arterioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

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