Systemic Anatomy for Respiratory Technology
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Questions and Answers

Which arteries originate from branches of the external carotid artery?

  • Sphenopalatine artery (correct)
  • Anterior ethmoidal artery
  • Olfactory artery
  • Posterior ethmoidal artery

    • What is Little's Area known for?

  • It houses the pterygoid venous plexus.
  • It is the major site of epistaxis. (correct)
  • It is part of the olfactory system.
  • It is a site for osteogenesis.

    • Which of the following arteries does NOT contribute to Kiesselbach’s Plexus?

  • Anterior ethmoidal artery
  • Inferior labial artery (correct)
  • Greater palatine artery
  • Superior labial artery

    • Which nerve is primarily responsible for general sensation in the nasal cavity?

    <p>Trigeminal nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the anterior sloping part of the roof of the nasal cavity?

    <p>Nasal bones and nasal part of frontal bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the risk associated with a fracture of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone?

    <p>Cerebrospinal fluid leaking into the nasal cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly identifies the components of the nasal septum?

    <p>Perpendicular plate of ethmoid, vomer, and cartilaginous part</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural feature separates the nasal cavity from the anterior cranial fossa?

    <p>Roof of the nasal cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes a deviated nasal septum?

    <p>Trauma, developmental error, or unequal growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nasal concha is the smallest and located in the posterior part of the nasal cavity?

    <p>Superior concha</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the space underneath each nasal concha refer to?

    <p>Meatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important consideration for patients experiencing CSF rhinorrhea?

    <p>It may indicate a serious condition involving the cranial cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parts comprise the framework of the external nose?

    <p>Nasal bones and frontal processes of the maxillae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical structure separates the nasal cavity into right and left halves?

    <p>Nasal septum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the clinical significance of Little's area in the nose?

    <p>It is a common site for nasal bleeding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is NOT part of the upper respiratory tract?

    <p>Bronchi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The nasal cavity extends from which anatomical feature to the posterior nasal apertures?

    <p>Nostrils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which walls make up each half of the nasal cavity?

    <p>Floor, roof, lateral wall, medial wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The medial wall of the nasal cavity is characterized by which feature?

    <p>Vertical nasal septum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical structures are located in the lower respiratory tract?

    <p>Bronchi and lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which arteries form an anastomotic plexus in Little's Area?

    <p>Sphenopalatine and superior labial arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary clinical significance of Kiesselbach's Plexus?

    <p>It is a common site for nosebleeds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is NOT a branch of the external carotid artery?

    <p>Anterior ethmoidal artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the nasal cavity is correct?

    <p>The anterior region of the nasal cavity is highly vascularized.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is primarily responsible for parasympathetic innervation in the nasal cavity?

    <p>Pterygopalatine ganglion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main divisions of the nose?

    <p>External nose and nasal cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bones contribute to the framework of the external nose?

    <p>Nasal bone, maxilla, frontal bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary structural feature that divides the nasal cavity into right and left halves?

    <p>Nasal septum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the anatomy of the nasal cavity?

    <p>It extends from the nostrils to the choanae and has four walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the clinical significance of the nasal cavity's lateral wall?

    <p>It houses the nasal conchae that increase air turbulence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe the space underneath each nasal concha?

    <p>Nasal recess</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures forms the roof of the nasal cavity?

    <p>Frontal bone and ethmoid bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is located in the anterior part of the nasal cavity?

    <p>Anterior nasal apertures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone contributes to the formation of the anterior sloping part of the roof of the nasal cavity?

    <p>Frontal bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary structure responsible for separating the nasal cavity from the anterior cranial fossa?

    <p>Cribriform plate of ethmoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of nasal obstruction related to the nasal septum?

    <p>Deviated nasal septum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nasal conchae is an independent bone?

    <p>Inferior concha</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential complication can arise from a fracture of the cribriform plate?

    <p>CSF rhinorrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structures primarily form the nasal septum?

    <p>Perpendicular plate of ethmoid, Vomer, Cartilaginous part</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can a deviated nasal septum be corrected?

    <p>Surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure is formed by the smaller projections from the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?

    <p>Conchae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Systemic Anatomy for Respiratory Technology

    • The respiratory therapy program focuses on the systemic anatomy of the respiratory system.
    • This includes the nose and its various anatomical divisions.

    Objectives

    • Students should be able to describe the respiratory airway divisions.
    • Students should be able to outline the anatomy of the nose.
    • Students will list the arterial supply, venous drainage, nerve supply, and lymphatics of the nose.
    • Students will define Little's area, enumerate the contributing arteries, and describe its clinical importance.

    Anatomy of the Nose

    • The nose is divided into the external nose and the nasal cavity.
    • The nose is positioned between the orbits and beneath the anterior cranial fossa.
    • The external nose consists of a bony and cartilaginous framework.
    • The bony framework comprises paired nasal bones, frontal processes of the maxillae, and the nasal part of the frontal bone.
    • The supporting cartilaginous framework includes upper, lower, and accessory lateral cartilages, along with fibrofatty tissue.

    Nasal Cavity

    • The nasal cavity extends from the nostrils to the posterior nasal apertures (choanae).
    • It's divided into right and left halves by the nasal septum.
    • The nasal cavity has four walls: the roof, the floor, the lateral walls, and the medial wall (nasal septum).

    1- Roof

    • The anterior portion of the roof is formed by the nasal bones and the nasal part of the frontal bone.
    • The middle portion consists of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone.
    • The posterior portion is the body of the sphenoid bone's lower surface.

    2- Floor

    • The horizontal plate of the palatine bone forms the nasal cavity's inferior limit.
    • The maxilla's palatine processes also contribute to the floor.

    3- Medial Wall (Nasal Septum)

    • The nasal septum is composed of bony and cartilaginous components.
    • The supporting structures include the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone, the vomer bone, and septal cartilage.

    4- Lateral Wall

    • The lateral walls contain three nasal conchae (superior, middle, and inferior).
    • Spaces below each concha are called meatuses (superior, middle, and inferior).

    CSF Rhinorrhea

    • Fractures of the cribriform plate may result in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaking into the nasal cavity.
    • The roof of the nasal cavity serves as a pathway for infection to spread from the nose into the cranial cavity.

    Deviated Nasal Septum

    • A deviated nasal septum is a common cause of nasal obstruction.
    • Deviations can result from trauma, errors during development, or uneven growth.
    • Septum deviations can be surgically corrected.

    Arterial Blood Supply

    • Major arteries originating from branches of the external carotid artery supply the nose.
    • These include the sphenopalatine, greater palatine, superior labial, and lateral nasal arteries.
    • The internal carotid artery's branches, the anterior and posterior ethmoid arteries, also contribute to the nasal blood supply.

    Little's Area and Kiesselbach's Plexus

    • The Kiesselbach's plexus is an anastomosis of vessels in the anterior portion of the nasal septum.
    • It's a critical area for nosebleeds (epistaxis).
    • Little's area is within this plexus.
    • Arteries in this area interweave extensively, making it prone to bleeding.

    Venous Drainage

    • Blood from the nose drains into the pterygoid venous plexus or directly into the cavernous sinus.

    Lymphatic Drainage

    • Lymphatic drainage from the nose is to the upper deep cervical and submandibular lymph nodes.

    Nerve Supply

    • Olfaction (smell) is mediated by the olfactory nerve (cranial nerve I).
    • General sensation is contributed by branches of the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V).
    • Parasympathetic innervation arises from the pterygopalatine ganglion.
    • Sympathetic innervation originates from the first thoracic vertebra (T1).

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    Systemic Anatomy for Respiratory Technology PDF

    Description

    Explore the systemic anatomy of the respiratory system with a focus on the nose and its anatomical divisions. This quiz will assess your knowledge of the respiratory airway, arterial supply, venous drainage, nerve supply, and the clinical significance of Little's area. Test your understanding of the nose's structure and functions in respiratory therapy.

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