Systèmes d'information et gestion des données

Tanguy Giton's Profile

• Tanguy Giton is an ESIEA alumnus from the 2018 class.
• He holds a Master's degree in Project and Program Management from SKEMA.
• He works as a software editor at IKNO.
• He is also a freelance IT consultant.
• His email address is [email protected]

System Information

• A system is organized to:
  • Collect: Capture information where it originates.
  • Process: Transform raw data into usable information.
  • Store: Securely and accessibly store data.
  • Distribute: Effectively deliver appropriate information when needed.
  • Protect: Ensure data confidentiality and integrity.
• Information is crucial to an enterprise's operation.

Components of an Information System

• Users: Clients, employees, and partners interact with the system.
• Applications: ERM (Enterprise Resource Management), CRM (Customer Relationship Management) software are examples.
• Infrastructure: Servers, networks, and security are key.
• Processes (Business Processes): Vente (Sales), Production, Support are examples of business processes.
• Data: Referential data, transactions, and documents are utilized by the system.

IS, the Value Creator for Business

• Business objectives drive the system.
• Raw data is processed into meaningful information.
• Decisions are made based on this information.
• Feedback loops constantly refine and optimize the process.
• Examples include personalized client data, predictive maintenance, and stock optimization driven from data analysis.

Anatomy of a Modern Banking IS

• Front office: Clients, web, mobile, agencies, and partners engage directly.
• Middle office: Controls risks from issues like fraud, manages limits, and provides services.
• Back office: Handling accounting (Compta), treasury (Tréso), reporting, and batch processing.
• Central data includes client, account, and transaction information.

Data Flows in Modern IS

• Data sources (clients, partners, internal sources like IoT): varied input points.
• Real-time and batch processing of data through API gateway.
• Data storage in operational databases (Base Opérationnelle), Data Warehouses (Data Warehouse), and Data Lakes (Data Lake).
• Utilization via KPIs, dashboards, and analytical tools (BI, analytics, ML/AI).

IT System Challenges in 2024

• Past: Monolithic applications, on-premises infrastructure, long development cycles, siloed teams, and maintenance issues.
• Present: Coexistence of old and new technologies, hybrid cloud solutions, agile development, microservices, and APIs.
• Future: Cloud-native, serverless, event-driven architecture, intelligent automation, AI (IA), edge computing, and skilled talent shortages.

Urbanization of IS - Principles and Method

• Strategic planning and definition drive the system.
• Identifying business processes is critical.
• Function zones are mapped.
• Applications are designed and architected.
• Infrastructure is put in place to support the whole system.

Software Architecture Evolution

• 1990s: Spaghetti-oriented architecture (Copy & Paste)
• 2000s: Lasagna-oriented architecture (Layered Monolith)
• 2010s: Ravioli-oriented architecture (Microservices)
• The evolution presents different methods of handling data.

Monolith vs. Microservices

• The diagram illustrates the transition from monolithic to micro-service architectures.
• Tech feature teams play an increasing role.
• The transition aims to improve agility and scalability.

Monolithic Application

• A single, unified codebase for all functionalities.
• Tight coupling between components.
• A single file or one page handles several functionalities.
• Business logic is often scattered and interdependent.

Layered Monolithic Application

• Use of design patterns and object-oriented structures.
• Explicit separation of responsibilities and business rules.
• Centralized business rules for improved consistency.

Micro-Services

• Each functionality is independent and utilizes different technologies.
• Components interact loosely through APIs.
• Each component is independently deployable.

IS Urbanization Method

• AS-IS Mapping: Current state documentation, processes, and applications.
• Analysis: Identifying weaknesses, opportunities, and constraints of the system.
• TO-BE Design: Desired architecture, services, and governing bodies.
• Convergence Plan: Roadmap, projects, quick wins, budgeting, and organizational details.

Ce quiz porte sur les systèmes d'information, leur collecte, traitement, stockage et distribution des données. Découvrez les différents composants et leur importance dans le fonctionnement d'une entreprise. Testez vos connaissances sur les applications et l'infrastructure associées aux systèmes d'information.