Literature Review
32 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of applying Boolean logic in the search strategy?

  • To ensure all possible studies are reviewed
  • To eliminate duplicates from the results
  • To increase the number of records returned
  • To enhance the relevance of the search results (correct)
  • What should an independent reviewer do during the review process?

  • Conduct data extraction independently
  • Cross-check selected articles for accuracy (correct)
  • Mark all articles as relevant
  • Sift through articles at a slower pace
  • Which of the following is NOT a typical criterion for excluding studies from a systematic review?

  • Lack of relevant data
  • Participants not meeting eligibility criteria
  • Publication year exceeds the last ten years (correct)
  • Inconsistent research methods
  • What type of critical appraisal tool would be used for randomized controlled trials?

    <p>Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial step in the data extraction process during a systematic review?

    <p>Synthesizing relevant information into tables (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of the papers is critically evaluated during the quality appraisal process?

    <p>The trustworthiness and relevance of the findings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario might a review team choose not to use a critical appraisal tool?

    <p>If the field is in its infancy and lacks established criteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be included in the synthesis tables during data extraction?

    <p>Varied information depending on the research question (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one primary purpose of conducting a systematic review?

    <p>To synthesize randomized controlled trial evidence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the PRISMA guideline specify about systematic reviews?

    <p>How systematic reviews should be reported (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a significant limitation of systematic reviews?

    <p>Publication bias leading to unreported negative findings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When combining data from multiple studies in a systematic review, what is the purpose of a meta-analysis?

    <p>To statistically pool results and enhance analysis power (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the methods section of a systematic review include?

    <p>Inclusion and exclusion criteria for papers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential problem with the search strategies employed in systematic reviews?

    <p>Positive findings are more likely to be reported in English (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a reason for varying quality among studies included in a systematic review?

    <p>Studies may differ greatly in cultural and experimental conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to assess data for quality rating in systematic reviews?

    <p>It helps avoid reliance on low-quality findings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is commonly included in the scope of a systematic review's search?

    <p>The time frame and types of paper relevant to the topic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is gray literature, in the context of systematic reviews?

    <p>Unpublished findings from non-commercial sources (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of defining inclusion and exclusion criteria in a systematic review?

    <p>To ensure a clear focus on specific participants and outcomes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key component of the PICOS framework?

    <p>Inclusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does PRISMA provide in the context of systematic reviews?

    <p>Internationally recognized standards for systematic reviews (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of conducting a scoping review?

    <p>To map the existing literature in a specific area (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which searching strategy is typically used to broaden search results?

    <p>Using the OR operator (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to include grey literature in a systematic review?

    <p>It often encompasses valuable data not found in peer-reviewed journals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following databases is considered a key source for systematic reviews in healthcare?

    <p>Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant consideration when designing a search strategy for a systematic review?

    <p>Being over-inclusive rather than under-inclusive (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done after screening titles and abstracts in the systematic review process?

    <p>Screen full papers for potentially relevant studies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of data extraction for a review, what is essential to specify?

    <p>What data will be extracted from the studies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of search terms is important when conducting database searches?

    <p>Utilizing inverted commas for phrase searching (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one challenge associated with subject terms in database searching?

    <p>They can differ significantly among different databases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to ensure quality in a systematic review’s screening process?

    <p>Involve multiple raters for independent ratings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of registering a protocol in PROSPERO?

    <p>To outline the planned review methodology in advance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Systematic Review Steps

    A structured process for identifying, evaluating, and synthesizing research findings to answer a specific research question.

    Boolean Logic

    Using AND, OR, and NOT to combine search terms in a database or research query.

    Critical Appraisal

    Evaluating the quality, trustworthiness, and relevance of research studies to identify potential biases.

    Data Extraction

    Gathering and organizing relevant information from research papers into tables or other formats.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Study Selection Criteria

    A set of rules or guidelines used to determine which studies are relevant and appropriate for inclusion in a systematic review.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Risk of Bias Assessment

    Identifying potential flaws or threats to the validity of a study's results.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Deduplication

    Removing duplicate records from a research dataset.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Quality Appraisal Tools

    Specific methods for evaluating the quality of different research designs (e.g., RCTs, observational studies).

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Systematic Review

    A comprehensive and reproducible search for all relevant evidence on a specific topic, using established methods.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Meta-Analysis

    A statistical method to combine results from multiple similar studies. Improves the power/strength of conclusions.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Publication Bias

    Negative or inconclusive research findings are underrepresented in published literature.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Literature Review

    A summary of existing research on a specific subject providing an overview of all current findings.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Clinical Guidelines

    Statements of best practice for specific diseases or conditions based on systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)

    A type of research where participants are randomly assigned to different groups to evaluate a treatment's effectiveness.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Search Scope

    The criteria used to identify relevant studies during the research process, defining what types of study to examine.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria

    Parameters used for selecting or excluding studies from a research review; e.g., journal, country.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Data Quality Rating

    Evaluating the quality of research studies, ensuring objectivity and accuracy in the review.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    PICOS

    A framework (Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcomes, Study design) used to define research questions for selecting relevant studies in systematic reviews.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    PRISMA guidelines

    Internationally recognized standards for conducting and reporting systematic reviews, helping ensure quality and transparency.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Search strategy

    A detailed plan for locating relevant studies through searching databases, grey literature, and other sources.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Grey literature

    Research evidence not found in standard electronic databases, including conference proceedings, reports, and theses.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Boolean operators

    (AND, OR, NOT) used to combine or refine search terms in databases to produce more specific results.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Data synthesis

    The process of combining data from multiple studies to derive overall conclusions.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Search limits

    Restricting a search to certain subsets of the literature, such as specific publication dates, language, or study design.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Scoping review

    A broad literature review mapping the existing evidence on a topic, often used to identify knowledge gaps before a systematic review.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Qualitative review

    A summary of qualitative research that analyzes themes and patterns across studies.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Umbrella review

    A systematic review of systematic reviews aimed at quickly understanding a large collection of research.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Protocol registration (PROSPERO)

    Formal registration of the review plan in a registry to ensure transparency and maintainability.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Study Notes

    Core Principles of Mental Health Research - Literature Reviews

    • Literature reviews make evidence accessible and assess what is known and unknown on a topic.
    • Systematic reviews comprehensively and reproducibly search for all relevant evidence.
    • They are a way to synthesize evidence, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and other types of data.
    • Systematic reviews include a detailed methods section, allowing for replication.
    • Key components of a review include the scope of the search (databases, years, languages, types of papers), search terms, inclusion/exclusion criteria, data extraction methods, and quality assessment tools (e.g., PRISMA guidelines).
    • Meta-analysis statistically combines results of similar studies, increasing statistical power and significance.
    • Systematic reviews and meta-analyses avoid subjectivity and help avoid missing significant evidence.
    • Pooling data in meta-analyses improves clarity of the overall findings.
    • Strong meta-analyses provide strong support for treatments.
    • Systematic reviews have limitations, including publication bias (negative findings often not published).

    Limitations

    • Key stakeholders may have a vested interest in not publishing.
    • 50% of trials are unpublished
    • Data manipulation and publication of incorrect data are a risk.
    • Trials included in reviews may vary in time, culture, and type of intervention (e.g., Cochrane reviews of crisis intervention).
    • Publication dates can range from 1964 to 2010.
    • Experimental conditions may range widely.
    • Negative conclusions in reviews can result from small overall numbers or poor quality studies

    Steps in designing systematic reviews

    • Define a precise review question.
    • Consider PRISMA guidelines and speak with a librarian or information technologist.
    • Define inclusion/exclusion criteria (PICOS), considering the population, intervention, comparator, outcomes, and study design.
    • Specify databases and search terms, as well as language and date ranges.
    • Design search strategies using databases, grey literature, research registries, and search reference lists to contact authors.
    • Decide on a process for screening papers (titles and abstracts, then full papers) which should use multiple raters.
    • Specify what data should be extracted.
    • Decide how to store and process data
    • Decide if meta-analysis is possible; provide alternative summary method if it is not.
    • Submit the review protocol to a register such as PROSPERO

    Key sources and types of reviews

    • Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (York): Prospero
    • Cochrane database of systematic reviews
    • Campbell collaboration
    • Scoping review: maps the current literature of a specific area.
    • Qualitative reviews: synthesize qualitative literature (e.g., patients’ experiences).
    • Umbrella review: comprehensively reviews a large body of literature (e.g., preventative interventions).

    Defining search terms & database use

    • Identify concepts in the research question.
    • Identify key terms for each concept.
    • Use inverted commas (or quotation marks) to search for whole phrases only.
    • Use truncation to find variant spellings (e.g., usin* could find using, uses, user).
    • Use Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) to combine terms.
    • Understand that many databases use standardised subject headings (controlled vocabulary) that indexers assign (e.g., Self-harm, deliberate self-harm, self-injurious behavior).
    • Some databases have difficulty indexing newer or unusual terminology.

    Search limits and strategies

    • Use limits to refine searches (e.g., publication dates, language).
    • Define a clear rationale for search limits.
    • Use databases (e.g. Medline, Pubmed).
    • Utilise multiple databases to ensure a comprehensive search.
    • Use Boolean logic (AND) to combine terms, and Boolean logic (OR) to broaden the search.

    Data extraction, information extraction, and appraisal

    • Extract relevant information from retrieved papers into tables.
    • Information extracted will depend on the specific research question (e.g., study characteristics, eligibility, quality assessment).
    • Verify study eligibility and consider study characteristics.

    Critical appraisal

    • Review methods.
    • Participants.
    • Interventions.
    • Outcome measures.
    • Results from studies to assess quality and trustworthiness.
    • Identify potential threats to validity.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the key components of systematic reviews. This quiz covers essential concepts such as Boolean logic in search strategies, critical appraisal tools, and data extraction processes. Perfect for students and professionals in research fields.

    More Like This

    Systematic Review in Research
    11 questions
    Systematic Review in Research
    30 questions
    Capítol 10: Revisió Sistemàtica
    75 questions
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser