System Unit, Motherboard, and CPU

• Inside the System Unit:
• The system unit is the main case of a computer.
• A disk drive is a computer device that stores and retrieves info and data
• Memory (RAM) is the working space.
• The power supply takes the power and changes it to smaller volts using a converter.
• Fans cool the CPU.

The Motherboard

• The Motherboard/System Board is the main circuit board inside the system unit
• External devices like monitors, keyboards, mice, and printers connect to the motherboard by plugging into a port

The CPU

• The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is packaged on a chip plugged directly into the motherboard.
• Most CPUs are made by Intel.
• Servers use 4 CPUs.
• Processing speed of the CPU is measured by clock speed in Hertz ("Hz").
• Cache memory is short-term memory.
• Very fast memory chips are located on or close to CPU.
• Internal level 1 is the fastest cache memory, followed by level 2
• Bus speed moves 0s and 1s in a larger scale
• The Bus speed helps the CPU to parse more bits.

Memory

• RAM (Random Access Memory) is temporary memory that the computer uses while the computer is working.
• Volatile memory is RAM.
• CPU for data saver (for information).
• Register is used for tasks (controls).
• ROM is non-erasable memory that will not go away.
• Flash memory is non-volatile memory that can be erased and reprogrammed.
• SUNs, hard disks
• Fans cool the CPU.

Expansion Slots/Expansion Cards

• The Expansion Slots are circuits on the motherboard.
• Expansion cards can be inserted into an expansion slot on a PC's motherboard to add additional functionality.

Buses

• A Bus is an electronic path within a computer over which data travels.
• The System bus is the bus that moves data back and forth between the CPU and memory.
• The Expansion bus connects the CPU to input and output devices.

Typical CPU components

• Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) and Floating Point Unit (FPU) perform arithmetic and logical operations.

• The Control unit receives the bits and messages and manages the tasks

• Prefetch unit is the storing place

• Interface prefetch decode unit is to contact with position then control can't ALU

• Decode Unit takes instructions and translates them.

• Internal cache and registers store data and instructions needed by the CPU.

• Bus interface unit is where data and instructions flow in and out of the CPU