Podcast
Questions and Answers
Writing code as instruction is known as ______.
Writing code as instruction is known as ______.
coding
The process of identifying and fixing errors in code is called ______.
The process of identifying and fixing errors in code is called ______.
debugging
The ______ approach is a highly structured method focused on coding.
The ______ approach is a highly structured method focused on coding.
traditional
One modern approach to software development is using ______ tools.
One modern approach to software development is using ______ tools.
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A document that details system features and functionalities is known as the ______.
A document that details system features and functionalities is known as the ______.
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The ______ phase is aimed at ensuring that software meets specified requirements.
The ______ phase is aimed at ensuring that software meets specified requirements.
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The systems architect is responsible for designing the system and creating the first software ______.
The systems architect is responsible for designing the system and creating the first software ______.
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In project analysis, assessing project ______ helps determine if an idea is viable.
In project analysis, assessing project ______ helps determine if an idea is viable.
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The first phase of the Systems Development Life Cycle is called ______.
The first phase of the Systems Development Life Cycle is called ______.
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A technique used in requirement gathering is ______.
A technique used in requirement gathering is ______.
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The key outcome of the Systems Design phase is a detailed system ______.
The key outcome of the Systems Design phase is a detailed system ______.
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User interface design should prioritize ______ to ensure ease of use.
User interface design should prioritize ______ to ensure ease of use.
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During implementation, key activities include user acceptance testing and training ______.
During implementation, key activities include user acceptance testing and training ______.
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An ______ diagram shows relationships between entities in a system.
An ______ diagram shows relationships between entities in a system.
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Prototyping is an important technique in the ______ phase of the SDLC.
Prototyping is an important technique in the ______ phase of the SDLC.
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The Unified Modeling Language provides standard notation for object-oriented analysis and ______.
The Unified Modeling Language provides standard notation for object-oriented analysis and ______.
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A data dictionary can be categorized as either ______ or passive.
A data dictionary can be categorized as either ______ or passive.
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Decision trees show alternative actions and conditions within a horizontal tree ______.
Decision trees show alternative actions and conditions within a horizontal tree ______.
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The context diagram represents Level ______ in a data flow diagram.
The context diagram represents Level ______ in a data flow diagram.
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Level 1 in a data flow diagram is known as process ______.
Level 1 in a data flow diagram is known as process ______.
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Decision tables are presented as a ______ to describe complex logical relationships.
Decision tables are presented as a ______ to describe complex logical relationships.
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One of the major steps in the structured analysis process is studying the current business ______.
One of the major steps in the structured analysis process is studying the current business ______.
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Modeling a new ______ is one of the steps in the structured analysis process.
Modeling a new ______ is one of the steps in the structured analysis process.
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Evaluating alternatives is the ______ step in the structured analysis process.
Evaluating alternatives is the ______ step in the structured analysis process.
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The structured ________ is a simplified procedural language that uses natural language and logic.
The structured ________ is a simplified procedural language that uses natural language and logic.
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Pseudocode is a plain-English representation of programming ________.
Pseudocode is a plain-English representation of programming ________.
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The ________ view defines the flow of data between work that has been done.
The ________ view defines the flow of data between work that has been done.
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The data view comprises the entity relationship ________.
The data view comprises the entity relationship ________.
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The ________ view includes state transition diagrams and defines when things happen.
The ________ view includes state transition diagrams and defines when things happen.
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The design phase is a key milestone in ______ development.
The design phase is a key milestone in ______ development.
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The purpose of planning is to clearly define the project's ______ and assess how to solve specific problems.
The purpose of planning is to clearly define the project's ______ and assess how to solve specific problems.
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Risk mitigation involves identifying potential ______ associated with the project.
Risk mitigation involves identifying potential ______ associated with the project.
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In the development phase, referred to as the coding ______, actual coding begins.
In the development phase, referred to as the coding ______, actual coding begins.
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A good outline can help catch problems before they affect ______.
A good outline can help catch problems before they affect ______.
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The seven phases of the system life cycle begin with planning and ______.
The seven phases of the system life cycle begin with planning and ______.
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One of the objectives during development is to create functional, efficient, and ______ software.
One of the objectives during development is to create functional, efficient, and ______ software.
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Conducting a security risk assessment is an important element to consider in the design to mitigate ______.
Conducting a security risk assessment is an important element to consider in the design to mitigate ______.
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A ______ diagram visualizes workflows and business processes.
A ______ diagram visualizes workflows and business processes.
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Use case diagrams provide a visual representation of system functionality from the user's ______.
Use case diagrams provide a visual representation of system functionality from the user's ______.
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Data dictionaries act as a ______ for data elements in a system.
Data dictionaries act as a ______ for data elements in a system.
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One of the key activities during maintenance phase includes monitoring system ______.
One of the key activities during maintenance phase includes monitoring system ______.
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A ______ tree helps businesses define complex relationships and decisions.
A ______ tree helps businesses define complex relationships and decisions.
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Corrective, adaptive, perfective, and preventive are types of ______ maintenance.
Corrective, adaptive, perfective, and preventive are types of ______ maintenance.
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Project management in systems analysis includes scope, ______, and cost management.
Project management in systems analysis includes scope, ______, and cost management.
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The diagram that showcases decision sequences and identifies the best actions is called a ______ tree.
The diagram that showcases decision sequences and identifies the best actions is called a ______ tree.
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Study Notes
System Life Cycle
- A conceptual model used in project management (PM) that describes the stages in an information system (IS) development project, from initial feasibility study to maintenance.
Planning/Initiation
- Foundation of the entire System Development Life Cycle (SDLC).
- Clearly defines the project's target and assesses solving specific problems via software solutions.
- Key Objectives: Problem identification, resource and cost estimations, requirement gathering, and setting expectations/goals.
- Includes pre-analysis utilizing simulation tools, resource estimation, allocation, and deadline setting.
Analysis/Feasibility
- Determines the project's technical, operational, and economic feasibility.
- Aims to translate high-level plans into actionable development ideas.
- Bridges the gap between project conception and actual development.
- Key Objectives: System requirement analysis, project feasibility assessment, and gathering information about system and client requirements, market research etc.
Design
- Visualization-focused phase.
- The systems architect designs the system and creates the first software prototype, showing its function.
- A key milestone in software development, shifting from concepts to outputs.
- Aspects of design include: system interface, user interface, security, and database.
Development
- The coding phase, where actual code is written.
- Aims to develop functional, efficient, and user-friendly software.
- Adheres to Software Design Documents (SDD) and coding guidelines.
- Involves coding, debugging (identifying and fixing errors), and using appropriate programming languages.
Testing
- Critical phase to ensure the software application meets required specifications.
- Employs processes like bug detection, vulnerability testing, defect identification, and verification/validation.
- Ensures the application functions correctly.
Implementation
- The designed system is brought to life and implemented.
- Supports planned business operations by successfully deploying the new system.
- Key objectives include system deployment, user onboarding, and performance evaluation; the successful rollout and usability of the newly developed system.
Maintenance
- Handling issues reported by end-users, maintaining and improving system performance.
- Addressing issues, improving performance, and adapting the system to evolving requirements.
- Includes continuous monitoring, maintenance activities (corrective, adaptive, perfective), and ongoing support.
SDLC Models
- Waterfall: Linear, sequential approach, each stage is a separate plan. No feedback loop.
- Iterative: Combines sequential steps with iterative design for improvements and changes. Early feedback is valuable.
- Spiral: Combines Waterfall and Iterative models, using loops to refine complex projects with fluctuating requirements. High uncertainty is accommodated.
- V-Model: A variation of the Waterfall model with a corresponding testing phase for each stage. Early error detection is key to cost effective development.
- Agile: Focuses on collaboration between teams and implementing client feedback early and often, for adaptable and well-received software. Quick iterations, high stakeholder feedback loops.
- Big Bang: Simplifies model by combining efforts, time, and resources, sometimes compromising completeness.
System Analysis & Design
- Structured approach to developing, maintaining and improving information systems within an organization.
- Analysts plan, develop and maintain information systems, managing IT projects and/or reporting to other departments.
- Benefits from systems analysis and design include: Better decision-making, increased efficiency, cost savings, and aligning with business goals.
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Requirements Gathering Techniques:
- Interviews: Direct discussions with stakeholders.
- Surveys: Gathering data from multiple sources.
- Observation: Watching user interactions in the system.
- Document analysis: Evaluating existing documentation relating to user needs.
- Joint Application Development (JAD): Group discussions for user input.
Data Flow Diagrams (DFD)
- Graphical representation of data movement within a system.
- A visual technique created by Larry Constantine for illustrating systems requirements.
- Various levels (e.g. 0, 1, 2, 3) provide different levels of detail.
Data Dictionary
- A structured repository of data elements in a system.
- Plays a crucial role in database design, providing details on data types, constraints and descriptions for each data element.
- Categorized (e.g. Data elements, data flows, and data stores) and can be active or passive.
Data Modeling
- Creating a visual representation of system data.
- Includes its relationships, use and storage.
- Used for efficient development and design in software development.
- Types: Physical, Logical, Conceptual data modeling.
System Design
- Defines the architecture and detailed specifications of the overall system, ensuring it addresses user requirements, meeting specified standards.
- Includes Logical (user-focused) and Physical (technical) design considerations, including architectural decisions, making sure the design meets project standards.
User Interface (UI) Design
- The design of user interact elements. Key principles such as consistency, accessibility, simplicity, and feedback should be adhered to to build a useful and user friendly system.
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Description
Explore the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) through this quiz, which covers key stages such as Planning/Initiation and Analysis/Feasibility. Understand how each phase contributes to the success of information system development projects. Test your knowledge on project objectives, resource management, and feasibility assessment.
