Podcast
Questions and Answers
Who defined system integration?
Who defined system integration?
Lehtonen
What is systems integration?
What is systems integration?
Users permit to communicate or connect effortlessly.
What are silos in a business context?
What are silos in a business context?
Segregated functioning units that are cut off.
What does ERP stand for?
What does ERP stand for?
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What are horizontal silos defined by according to Henry Fayol?
What are horizontal silos defined by according to Henry Fayol?
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What is the role of ERP in logical integration?
What is the role of ERP in logical integration?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the three levels of management?
Which of the following is NOT one of the three levels of management?
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E-business focuses on linking a business.
E-business focuses on linking a business.
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What are the components of an ERP system?
What are the components of an ERP system?
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What is the first tier of a tiered architecture ERP system?
What is the first tier of a tiered architecture ERP system?
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The _____ architecture influences the budget, operation, and use of an ERP system.
The _____ architecture influences the budget, operation, and use of an ERP system.
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Which is the world's most popular ERP software?
Which is the world's most popular ERP software?
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Match the following ERP vendors with their brief description:
Match the following ERP vendors with their brief description:
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What does cohesion refer to in information-oriented integration?
What does cohesion refer to in information-oriented integration?
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The step that involves identifying data is the _____ step in the information integration process.
The step that involves identifying data is the _____ step in the information integration process.
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Study Notes
System Integration
- The act of linking multiple sub-systems into a larger system
- Combines all of an organization's physical and virtual components
- Enables effortless communication and connection between users
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems
- Type of information technology that connects multiple systems into a single platform
- Allows businesses to integrate various operations and streamline processes
Silos
- Segregated functioning units that operate independently
- Refers to organizational structures where departments are isolated and lack communication
Horizontal Silos
- Organizational structure based on functional areas like planning, organizing, coordinating, commanding, and controlling
- Developed by Henry Fayol in the early 1900s and expanded upon by Luther Gulick in the 1930s
Vertical Silos
- Hierarchical structure where responsibilities are divided by levels, from strategic planning to operational control
- Discovered by Robert Anthony of Harvard University in the late 1960s
Information Systems
- Assist company processes
- Serve the organization's changing information demands
- Three management levels: strategic, middle, and operational
Implications of System Integration for Management
- Implementing rules on ethical information usage
ERP's Role in Logical Integration
- ERP solutions force companies to integrate their information systems
- Includes order input, routing via departments, and transmission of output to stakeholders
ERP's Role in Physical Integration
- An enterprise might need to upgrade or install middleware to physically connect systems
- Key components: Data integration, client integration, and application integration
History of ERP Systems
- 1960s: Inventory Management & Control using mainframe legacy systems and third generation software
- 1970s: Materials Requirements Planning (MRP) using mainframe legacy systems and third generation software
- 1980s: Material Requirements Planning (MRP-II) using mainframe legacy systems and fourth generation database software
- 1990s: Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) emergence
- 2000s: Extended ERP or ERP-II using client-server systems and web platforms
E-Business vs. ERP
- E-Business: Focuses on linking a business, considered Disruptive Technology
- ERP: Focuses on integrating the internal, considered Adaptive Technology
ERP Systems Components
- Hardware, Software, Process, Information, and People
ERP Architecture
- Influences the budget, operation, and use of an ERP system
- Aids the deployment team in developing the system
Logical Architecture
- Focuses on supporting the system's functions
Physical Architecture
- Focuses on the system's efficiency
Tiered Architecture Example of an ERP System
- Presentation Logic Tier: User interface and presentation of data
- Business Logic Tier: Business rules and processes
- Data Tier: Storage and management of data
Software and Vendor Selection
- Company must assess its existing and future enterprise needs
Operation and Post-Implementation
- One of the most significant milestones in a project's success is when it goes live ("go-live")
ERP Vendors
- SAP: World's most popular ERP software, products suitable for a wide range of industries
- Oracle/Peoplesoft: Second largest ERP provider, offers solutions categorized by industry
- Microsoft Dynamics: Formerly known as Microsoft Business Solutions or Great Plains, complete business management system
- Infor: World's third-largest corporate software vendor, provides integrated supply chain solutions
- Lawson: Enterprise performance management
Information-Oriented Integration Concepts
- Coupling: Connects applications in a reliant manner
- Cohesion: Applications and databases are distinct and logically independent
- Information Producers and Consumers: Entities that create and consume information, known as source and target systems
Systems That Create and Consume Data
- Database, Application, User Interface, and Embedded Devices
Steps to Approach Information Integration
- Identify the data
- Catalog the data
- Build the Enterprise Data Model
- Implement the Data Integration Process
- Monitor and Evaluate the Integration
Phases of Data Integration
- Source System Analysis: Understand the source systems
- Data Extraction and Transformation: Extract data from source systems and transform it into a usable format
- Data Loading and Storage: Load the transformed data into a target system or data warehouse
- Data Validation and Quality Assurance: Ensure data accuracy and consistency
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Description
Test your knowledge on system integration, ERP systems, and organizational silos with this quiz. Explore how these concepts allow organizations to improve communication and streamline operations. Dive into the historical perspectives of horizontal and vertical silos as well.
