System Development Life Cycle Models - Chapter 2
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Questions and Answers

Which model emphasizes testing and verification at every development stage?

  • V-Model (correct)
  • Iterative Model
  • Waterfall Model
  • Incremental Model

What characterizes the Incremental Model in system development?

  • A single phase approach with linear progression
  • Refining through repeated cycles
  • Creating an initial prototype for feedback
  • Dividing the project into smaller segments (correct)

Which of the following stages is NOT part of the Waterfall Model?

  • Design
  • Development
  • Deployment
  • Iterative Refinement (correct)

What does the Prototype Model primarily involve?

<p>Creating an initial prototype for user feedback (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which traditional life cycle model allows for a systematic approach with clearly defined stages?

<p>Waterfall Model (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first phase of the traditional SDLC?

<p>Planning and Selection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase includes the study of current procedures and determining requirements?

<p>Analysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which phase is the recommended solution described in terms of logical specifications?

<p>Design (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Implementation phase primarily involve?

<p>Coding, testing, installing, and supporting the system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the Maintenance phase of the SDLC?

<p>The system is systematically repaired and improved (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are the phases of the SDLC characterized in terms of their execution?

<p>Phases are not necessarily sequential (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is produced at the end of the Analysis phase?

<p>A recommendation for the best design alternative (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What transformation occurs during the Design phase?

<p>Logical specifications are converted into physical design (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of modern life cycle models in software development?

<p>Focus on continuous improvement and adaptability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following methodologies is specifically known for minimizing planning and maximizing user involvement?

<p>Rapid Application Development (RAD) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of the Scrum methodology?

<p>To establish defined roles and short development cycles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which modern life cycle model combines development and operations to enhance collaboration?

<p>DevOps (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Kanban methodology improve efficiency?

<p>By emphasizing visual workflows and limiting work-in-progress (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What unique aspect does the Spiral Model incorporate into its approach?

<p>A risk-driven approach combined with iterative development (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the Agile Model?

<p>A flexible and iterative approach supporting rapid releases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way do modern life cycle models help address challenges in software development?

<p>By accommodating fast-changing requirements and increased complexity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Traditional Life Cycle Models

A systematic approach to developing software or systems, involving a series of predefined stages, each with specific goals and deliverables.

Waterfall Model

A linear approach that completes each phase (like requirements, design, implementation) one after the other before moving to the next.

V-Model

A model that extends the Waterfall model, but emphasizes testing and verification at every stage of development.

Incremental Model

A model that breaks the project into smaller parts, developing and delivering each portion incrementally.

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Prototype Model

A model that involves creating an initial version of the system (prototype) to gather user feedback and refine requirements throughout the development process.

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Modern Life Cycle Models

Modern software development approaches that prioritize flexibility, adaptability, and continuous improvement to meet dynamic business needs and evolving technologies.

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Rapid Application Development (RAD)

A modern methodology that emphasizes speed, flexibility, and iterative development, focusing on delivering a working product quickly with minimal planning and maximum user involvement throughout the process.

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Agile Model

A flexible and iterative approach that promotes collaboration, customer feedback, and small, rapid releases, allowing for quick adjustments and improvements based on user needs.

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Scrum

A subset of Agile focusing on short development cycles (sprints) and defined roles like Scrum Master and Product Owner, ensuring a structured and iterative approach.

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Kanban

A lean methodology using visual workflows and limiting work-in-progress to improve efficiency, focusing on continuous improvement and streamlining processes.

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DevOps

A development approach that combines development and operations, enhancing collaboration, automating processes, and enabling continuous delivery and integration.

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Spiral Model

A model that combines iterative development with a risk-driven approach, repeatedly passing through planning, design, build, and testing phases, focusing on managing risks and adapting to changes.

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Why are Modern Life Cycle Models Needed?

Modern Life Cycle Models are well-suited for modern challenges like fast-changing requirements and increased complexity, as they emphasize flexibility and continuous improvement.

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Planning and Selection

The initial phase of the SDLC where an organization identifies, analyzes, prioritizes, and arranges its overall information system needs.

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Analysis Phase

Deep dive into current procedures and information systems to understand the problem and establish requirements. It also involves generating design alternatives, comparing them, and recommending the best solution.

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Design Phase

Converting the chosen solution into detailed system specifications. It involves creating a logical design (functional features independent of technology) and then a physical design (technology-specific details for implementation).

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Implementation Phase

The phase where the information system is coded, tested, installed, and supported within the organization. It involves combining all system components and making it ready for users.

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Maintenance Phase

The ongoing process of systematically fixing errors, enhancing features, and improving performance of the information system after it is implemented.

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SDLC Stages

The SDLC is composed of distinct phases, such as planning, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance, which are not necessarily sequential; each phase has specific goals and deliverables.

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Customized Life Cycle

Different organizations customize the SDLC to fit their specific needs and project requirements.

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Traditional Methodology for Information Systems

The SDLC is a structured process for developing, maintaining, and replacing information systems. It aims to ensure a systematic and controlled approach throughout the lifecycle of a system.

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Study Notes

Chapter 2: System Development Life Cycle Models

  • System Analysis and Design Fundamentals (CSC 1403)
  • Learning Objectives:
    • Identify traditional SDLC models
    • Explain differences in systems life cycle models used in system development
    • List all stages of SDLC

2.1 Traditional Life Cycle Models

  • Traditional Life Cycle Models are structured approaches used in software and system engineering for orderly planning, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance.
  • These models are linear/sequential, often with clearly defined stages.

2.1.1 Examples of Traditional Life Cycle Models

  • Waterfall Model: A linear approach. Each phase (Requirements, Design, Implementation, Testing, Deployment, and Maintenance) must be complete before the next.
  • V-Model (Validation and Verification): Extends the Waterfall model by emphasizing testing and verification at every development stage.
  • Incremental Model: Divides the project into smaller segments, allowing portions to be developed and delivered incrementally.
  • Iterative Model: Focuses on refining and revisiting processes through repeated cycles to improve the system at each iteration
  • Prototype Model: Involves creating an initial prototype to gather user feedback and refine requirements.

2.1.2 Waterfall Model Diagram

  • (Diagram shows a linear progression through phases: Requirement Analysis -> System Design-> Implementation -> Testing -> Deployment -> Maintenance)

2.1.3 V-Model Diagram

  • (Diagram shows a V-shape with Verification phases (unit test, integration test, system test, acceptance test) paired with corresponding Validation phases (Coding, Module Design, System Design, Requirements). )

2.1.4 Incremental Model Diagram

  • (Diagram shows phases repeating in an incremental fashion, with Requirement, Design, and Test phases appearing multiple times in a cycle. )

2.1.5 Iterative Model Diagram

  • (Diagram shows an iterative/cyclical process that includes Planning, Requirements, Analysis, and Design -> Implementation -> Evaluation. This repeats over multiple iterations.)

2.1.6 Prototype Model Diagram

  • (Diagram shows the linear path: Start -> Requirement Gathering -> Quick Design -> Building Prototype -> Engineer Product -> Refining Prototype -> Customer Evaluation -> Stop)

2.2 Modern Life Cycle Models

  • Modern Life Cycle Models emphasize flexibility, adaptability, and iterative progress catering to dynamic business requirements and evolving technologies.
  • They contrast with traditional ones by focusing on continuous improvement, collaboration, faster delivery.

2.2.1 Examples of Modern Life Cycle Models

  • Rapid Application Development (RAD): Emphasizes speed, flexibility, and iterative development. Minimizes planning, maximizes user involvement
  • Agile Model: Flexible, iterative approach promoting collaboration, customer feedback, and rapid releases. (Subsets: Scrum focuses on short development cycles)
  • Kanban: Lean methodology. Emphasizes visual workflows and limits work-in-progress for increased efficiency
  • DevOps: Combines development and operations to enhance collaboration, automation of processes, and continuous delivery/integration
  • Spiral Model: Combines iterative development with a risk-driven approach: repeatedly passes through planning, design, build, testing phases.

2.3 Overview of SDLC Stages

  • Traditional methodology used to develop, maintain, and replace information systems.
  • Consists of five phases: Planning, Analysis, Design, Implementation, and Maintenance.
  • Phases are NOT necessarily strictly sequential.
  • Each phase has a specific outcome and deliverable.
  • Individual companies customize life cycles.

2.3.1 Planning

  • First phase, identifying, analyzing, prioritizing, and organizing/arranging needs of organization's total information systems

2.3.2 Analysis

  • Studies current procedures and information systems
  • Determines requirements, generating designs, compares, and recommending best alternatives

2.3.3 Design

  • Defines recommended solution through logical and physical specifications
    • Logical Design: Functionality of system independently from platform
    • Physical Design: Logical specifications transformed into tech-specific details

2.3.4 Implementation

  • Codes, tests, installs, and supports the information system

2.3.5 Maintenance

  • The final phase, systematically repairing and improving the information system
  • Address user requests and changes in business conditions

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Chapter 2: System Development Life Cycle Models PDF

Description

Explore the traditional System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) models used in software engineering. This quiz will help you identify different SDLC approaches, understand their differences, and review the stages involved in each model. Perfect for students of System Analysis and Design Fundamentals (CSC 1403).

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