Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of using prototypes in system development?
What is the primary purpose of using prototypes in system development?
The primary purpose of using prototypes is to demonstrate the proposed system to the client for feedback and validation.
How does iteration contribute to achieving desired results in the design process?
How does iteration contribute to achieving desired results in the design process?
Iteration contributes by allowing repeated refinement and improvements based on feedback, resulting in solutions that better meet user needs.
What is the definition of iteration in the context of design?
What is the definition of iteration in the context of design?
Iteration is defined as a procedure in which repetition of a sequence of operations yields results successively closer to a desired result.
Which aspect is NOT considered part of the iterative design process?
Which aspect is NOT considered part of the iterative design process?
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What is the ultimate goal of iteration during the design process?
What is the ultimate goal of iteration during the design process?
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What is a significant challenge when integrating legacy systems during a merger?
What is a significant challenge when integrating legacy systems during a merger?
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What are some common issues that can arise during data migration?
What are some common issues that can arise during data migration?
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Compare the implementation of a system using a client's hardware with hosting systems remotely.
Compare the implementation of a system using a client's hardware with hosting systems remotely.
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What is the primary difference between static and dynamic testing?
What is the primary difference between static and dynamic testing?
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What is the purpose of User Acceptance Testing?
What is the purpose of User Acceptance Testing?
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Describe dry run testing.
Describe dry run testing.
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What are the two phases of software testing represented by Alpha and Beta testing?
What are the two phases of software testing represented by Alpha and Beta testing?
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What is data testing?
What is data testing?
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What defines the context in which a new system is planned?
What defines the context in which a new system is planned?
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How can the context of a problem influence the design of a new system?
How can the context of a problem influence the design of a new system?
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Why is it important to consider potential organizational issues when implementing new systems?
Why is it important to consider potential organizational issues when implementing new systems?
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What are some major challenges associated with change management?
What are some major challenges associated with change management?
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What role does a feasibility report (TELOS) play in system planning?
What role does a feasibility report (TELOS) play in system planning?
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How can legacy systems create compatibility issues during mergers?
How can legacy systems create compatibility issues during mergers?
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What impacts do organizational changes have on change management strategies?
What impacts do organizational changes have on change management strategies?
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What is a key factor contributing to user resistance when implementing new systems?
What is a key factor contributing to user resistance when implementing new systems?
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What might occur if end-users are not included in the design process?
What might occur if end-users are not included in the design process?
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What are some social or ethical issues raised by new IT systems?
What are some social or ethical issues raised by new IT systems?
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How is usability defined in the context of IT systems?
How is usability defined in the context of IT systems?
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Identify one common usability problem faced by digital devices.
Identify one common usability problem faced by digital devices.
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Name a method that can improve accessibility for digital systems.
Name a method that can improve accessibility for digital systems.
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What kind of usability problems might you encounter with a ticketing system?
What kind of usability problems might you encounter with a ticketing system?
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Identify a usability issue that can arise from online payroll systems.
Identify a usability issue that can arise from online payroll systems.
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What usability challenges could a scheduling application face?
What usability challenges could a scheduling application face?
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Mention a potential problem associated with voice recognition systems.
Mention a potential problem associated with voice recognition systems.
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What usability problems can arise when feedback systems are poorly designed?
What usability problems can arise when feedback systems are poorly designed?
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What is the purpose of unit testing?
What is the purpose of unit testing?
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How does integration testing differ from unit testing?
How does integration testing differ from unit testing?
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What is debugging in software development?
What is debugging in software development?
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Why is user documentation important?
Why is user documentation important?
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What are two advantages of using online support for user documentation?
What are two advantages of using online support for user documentation?
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Identify one disadvantage of printed manuals.
Identify one disadvantage of printed manuals.
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List one cause of data loss related to human error.
List one cause of data loss related to human error.
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What is a potential consequence of data loss for a business?
What is a potential consequence of data loss for a business?
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Name one method to prevent data loss.
Name one method to prevent data loss.
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What is the purpose of a software patch?
What is the purpose of a software patch?
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Define what an upgrade involves.
Define what an upgrade involves.
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What role does a server play in a network?
What role does a server play in a network?
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Identify one method for gathering requirements from stakeholders.
Identify one method for gathering requirements from stakeholders.
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What is one disadvantage of formal classes for user training?
What is one disadvantage of formal classes for user training?
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Why is it important to understand the current situation before creating a system?
Why is it important to understand the current situation before creating a system?
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Study Notes
Systems in Organizations
- Identify the context for a new system's planning:
- Investigate and outline the framework of a new system
- Describe the limitations of a proposed system
- Present organizational issues related to new system installation
- Identify the importance of the system for various users
- Outline involved technologies
- New systems are created to:
- Replace inefficient, unsuitable, redundant, or outdated systems
- Increase productivity, quality, or minimize costs
- Reduce flaws and errors in existing systems
- Context includes:
- People involved
- Laws involved
- Time required
- Money required
- Location/space required
- Current system
- Context affects problem and solution:
- Example: Delivery drivers need phones for packages, airplane pilots use tablets due to space
- New systems are rarely in a vacuum, context is important
Considerations for a New System's Context
- Consider the extent and limitations of the new system
- Example: Introducing a new payment system for school trips, organizational issues, and user role changes
- Potential organizational issues:
- Lack of guiding organizational and business strategies
- Lack of stakeholder and user participation
- Lack of user ownership
- Lack of required training
- Lack of attention to organizational culture
- Inadequate job design and information system tasks
- Feasibility considerations:
- Technical feasibility (is existing technology sufficient?)
- Economic feasibility (is it cost-effective?)
- Legal feasibility (conflicts with regulations?)
- Operational feasibility (existing practices support the system?)
- Schedule feasibility (implementation timeline?)
Need for Change Management
- Factors involved in justifying change management
- Change examples: changes in tutor time, traffic light changes, new phones
- Possible issues:
- Users dislike change, especially frequently
- New systems may omit old features
- Existing systems might be faster in certain circumstances
- Change is complex for many people
- Data loss during migration
- Potential for significant cost (time & money)
- Steps to make change easier: plan beforehand, communicate effectively, integrate the change, evaluate the progress.
Compatibility Issues and Business Mergers
- Describe the importance of compatibility
- Identify how legacy systems interact with modern systems
- Identify struggles for successful integrations during business mergers
- Discuss international dimensions of software compatibility
- Legacy system: An old system or device no longer supported by the provider (e.g., old car).
- Mergers: Combining two or more entities into one (complex integrations)
Comparison of Client Hardware and Hosting Systems
- Define Software as a Service (SaaS)
- Define on-premise software
- Relate and analyze differences between SaaS and on-premise
- Comparing Local and Remote Software
- Discuss local software (installed on specific computers) vs. Remote software (accessed online)
SaaS (Software as a Service)
- SaaS is a software distribution model
- Third-party provider hosts applications accessible over the internet
- Traditional software installation, maintenance not necessary
- Provider handles security, availability, performance
- Common examples: Microsoft Office 365, Google Apps, Amazon Web Services, Dropbox
- Benefits of SaaS: minimizes IT responsibilities and costs, suitable for small businesses, reduces staff workload
- Drawbacks: software integration challenges, security concerns, government compliance regulations, and possible data breaches.
Alternative Installation Processes
- Direct changeover (quick but no fallback if new system fails)
- Parallel running (old system runs alongside new for backup)
- Pilot running (limited area testing, iron out bugs)
- Phased conversion (introducing new system in phases)
Data Migration Problems
- Define data migration
- Analyze different data migration scenarios
- Identify data incompatibility and incompleteness issues (like corrupted files, incompatible formats)
- Data structure differences, validation rules, incomplete data transfers, international conventions on dates, currencies, and character sets
Various Testing Types
- Importance of testing
- Defining major testing types (e.g., static, dynamic, unit, integration)
- Suggesting best testing for proposed scenarios
- Static vs dynamic, alpha vs beta, black vs white box testing, automated testing.
User Documentation
- Importance of proper documentation
- How documentation affects implementation
- Various documentation methods and their features
- Example use cases of help files, offline methods such as manuals, online support
User Training
- Importance of proper user training
- Suggest various methods for user training
- Discuss how user training affects implementation
Causes of Data Loss
- Hardware malfunctions (physical damage)
- Software malfunctions (data corruption)
- Human error (accidental deletion, administrative errors, saving program prematurely)
Consequences of Data Loss
- Explore various negative impacts of data loss (examples, consequences, financial, social)
Preventing Data Loss
- Define failover systems, redundancy, removable media, offsite and online storage.
Updating Software
- Define updates, patches, upgrades, releases
- Description of automatic update process
System Design Basics
- Defining hardware, software, peripherals, networks, human resources
- Five components of a computer system: hardware, peripherals, software, network, and human resources
- Client/Server vs. Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks
- Defining routers, firewalls and DNS servers.
Social and Ethical Issues
- Social issues related to new IT systems and their impact on individuals and society.
- Ethical considerations (e.g. privacy, data security, use of technology, social media use, cybersecurity)
- Negative impacts of new systems on existing traditions.
- Ways new IT systems change the way humans live
Usability
- Define usability, accessibility, ergonomics
- Components of usability (memorability, learnability, errors, readability, efficiency, ergonomics)
- Usability problems with common devices
- Methods for improving accessibility of systems, types of disabilities.
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Description
This quiz explores essential concepts in system development and design, focusing on prototypes, iteration, testing phases, and challenges in data migration. Understand how these factors contribute to effective system design and implementation. Test your knowledge on the critical aspects of software engineering.