System Analysis & Design: DFD Guidelines
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What is the primary role of a source in a Data Flow Diagram (DFD)?

  • To receive transformed information.
  • To represent a flow of control in processes.
  • To provide input to be processed. (correct)
  • To act as a storage point for data.

    • Which statement correctly describes the output in a DFD?

  • It indicates the data processed within an external entity.
  • It is the data that flows from the process to the sink. (correct)
  • It outlines the actions taken during the data transformation.
  • It represents data flow from a sink to a process.

    • What does a process represent in a Data Flow Diagram?

  • A fixed point where data is stored.
  • The transformation of data from input to output. (correct)
  • The entire lifecycle of data within the system.
  • An abstract model of external entities.

    • In which scenario might not all processes in a DFD occur simultaneously?

    <p>When processes are only triggered by specific business needs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a sink in a DFD?

    <p>It is an external entity that receives information after processing. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of phrase label should an External Entity have in a Data Flow Diagram (DFD)?

    <p>Noun phrase label (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which label correctly identifies a Data Store in a DFD?

    <p>Student Information (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What combination of words is used for labeling a Process in a DFD?

    <p>Verb-adjective-noun (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the example scenario provided, what is the primary output produced at the end of each day?

    <p>Management report (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which naming convention is appropriate for labeling Data Flows in a DFD?

    <p>Noun phrases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a Data Store in a DFD?

    <p>To store, update, or delete files (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phrase is appropriate for labeling a Process in a DFD?

    <p>Create Student Record (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should a Data Flow be labeled in a DFD?

    <p>With a NOUN phrase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should External Entities be labeled with in a DFD?

    <p>A NOUN phrase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option correctly represents the syntax for a Data Flow label?

    <p>Payment Receipt (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In DFD, what must be kept in mind when identifying business activities?

    <p>List both verbs and nouns carefully (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a purpose of creating a DFD?

    <p>Analyze company profit margins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of label is used for a Data Store in a DFD?

    <p>NOUN phrase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of level-1 in the DFD journey?

    <p>To detail processes and break them into sub-processes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should not be introduced when creating a level-1 DFD?

    <p>New external entities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many processes should generally be included at level-1 to avoid complexity?

    <p>No more than seven processes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of the validation step in the DFD process?

    <p>To ensure DFDs are balanced and error-free (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of errors does semantic validation check for?

    <p>Alignment with actual business processes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of error validation in the DFD process?

    <p>Structural errors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of overly complex DFDs?

    <p>They make it harder to read and comprehend (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be the basis for naming data flows in a level-1 DFD?

    <p>The specific data being transferred (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the output when customer order information is taken as input?

    <p>Total amount due for the order (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which input is required to print a customer receipt?

    <p>Customer order and customer master record (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information is needed to deliver a customer order?

    <p>Customer receipt and coupons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following outputs provides insights into weekly performance?

    <p>Weekly performance figures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in processing a customer order?

    <p>Take customer order (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the system output after sending an order to cook?

    <p>Cook's order (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is NOT considered when printing weekly totals?

    <p>Customer receipt (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What constitutes the final output in the customer order process?

    <p>Delivered receipt to the customer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the context diagram?

    <p>To represent the entire system and its interactions with external entities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In creating a context diagram, which of the following should be excluded?

    <p>Data stores (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is primarily responsible for determining the customer's credit standing in the loan application process?

    <p>The loan officer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the loan applicant do after the loan is approved?

    <p>Make monthly loan payments to the bank (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which external entity is involved in the initial stages of the loan process?

    <p>Credit validation company (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of loan does ABC Bank provide to its customers?

    <p>Home loans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What step follows the determination of the type of loan required by the loan officer?

    <p>Approval of the loan application (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an essential element to include when creating a context diagram for the ABC Bank Loan System?

    <p>Interactions with external entities and data flows (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Data Flow Diagram (DFD) Guidelines

    • 5W + 1H: Used as a framework for understanding a system. Includes questions like What, Why, When, Where, Who, and How
    • DFD Journey: Provides a guideline for creating a DFD, including steps for context diagrams, Level-0, and Level-1 diagrams
    • WHEN to do DFD: After requirements gathering (e.g., interviews, questionnaires, observations) to discover and document events, activities, information storage, and information providers
    • WHY DFD: To illustrate information flow, showing how input data transforms into output through processes
    • WHO uses DFD: System analysts/designers and users as a communication aid
    • WHERE DFD is used: During meetings and for documentation.

    DFD Elements

    • Data Flow Diagram (DFD): A graphical representation of the flow of data through a system
    • Symbols: Represent entities, data flows, processes, and data stores
      • Entity example: Student, New Student Information
      • Data Flow Example: New Student Information, Create Student Record
      • Process Example: Create Student Record, Schedule Enrollments
      • Data Store Example: Student Master, Financial DB
    • Rules of Thumb: Guiding principles for drawing DFDs
      • Source/Sink: External entities that input/output data
      • Input/Output: Data flow from source to process and from process to sink (destination)
      • Processes: Actions for business reasons (not necessarily sequential)
      • Data Stores: For storing and retrieving data
      • Data Flow Naming: Using nouns or verbs for naming processes, data flows, external entities, and data stores

    Level-0 Diagram

    • Level-0 Diagram: Shows processes (P), data stores (DS) but keeps processes general
    • Creating a Level-0 Diagram : Steps to creating a Level-0 diagram
      • List processes involved in the system (e.g., login, menu selection)
      • Identify external people who interact
      • Identify names/directions of data flow
      • Identify names/directions of data store
    • Layout: Processes generally move top-to-bottom, left-to-right. Minimize crossed lines and iterate as needed.

    Level-1 Diagram

    • Level-1 Diagram: For details of processes within a Level-0 process
    • Steps: Steps for creating a Level-1 diagram
      • Focus on processes to break into sub-processes
      • Identify names/directions of data flow
      • Identify names/directions of data store
    • Notes: External entities and new entities are not included in Level-1

    Validation

    • Validation: Verifying the DFDs are error-free and balanced
    • Types of Errors: Syntax and semantic
      • Syntax: Incorrect DFD structure (layout)
      • Semantics: Ensuring accuracy of DFDs relative to business processes
    • Rules: At least one input data flow and one output data flow. Data flows have distinct names, and move in one direction

    DFD Creation

    • Steps to Creating a DFD:
      • List Down Business Activities (using verbs and nouns)
      • Create Context Diagram (one process, show external entities and data flows. DO NOT include processes or details)
      • Create Level-0 diagram (Shows general processes; don't show internal processes in detail)
      • Create Level-1 (as needed) detail diagrams for each process
      • Validate the whole structure (syntax and semantics)

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    Related Documents

    TMF1014 - System Analysis & Design PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers essential guidelines for creating Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs) as part of System Analysis & Design. It addresses the 5W + 1H framework that aids in understanding systems and specifies when and why DFDs are utilized in the analysis process. Perfect for students looking to deepen their understanding of system documentation.

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