Synthesis of Purine Nucleotides in Molecular Biology

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Questions and Answers

What is the significance of the regulation of de novo synthesis of purine nucleotides?

  • [GTP]=[ATP]
  • Fulfill the need of the body, without wasting (correct)
  • Save the fuel
  • Synthesize nucleotides by salvage pathway

Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of AMP and GMP?

  • GMP synthetase (correct)
  • Adenylate kinase
  • Adenosine deaminase
  • Ribonucleotide reductase

What is the course of the salvage pathway for nucleotide synthesis?

  • Guanine + PRPP -> GMP -> ADP
  • Hypoxanthine + PRPP -> IMP -> AMP (correct)
  • Adenine + PRPP -> GMP -> ATP
  • Adenine + PRPP -> AMP -> ATP

What happens in the absence of activity of HGPRT?

<p>Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is a structural analog of purine nucleotides?

<p>Antimetabolites (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the salvage pathway for nucleotide synthesis?

<p>Save the fuel (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is involved in the formation of deoxyribonucleotide at the nucleoside diphosphate level?

<p>Ribonucleotide reductase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first line reaction to form deoxyribonucleotides?

<p>Mg2+OH- + ribonucleoside diphosphate + thioredoxin reductase -&gt; NDP + SH-thioredoxin + S-S-thioredoxin + H2O + NADP + FAD (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two pathways leading to nucleotide synthesis?

<p>De novo synthesis and salvage pathways (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is correct regarding the formation of deoxyribonucleotide at the nucleoside diphosphate level?

<p>Thioredoxin reduces ribonucleotides and forms NDPs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which metabolic precursors are involved in the de novo synthesis of nucleotides?

<p>Amino acids, ribose-5-phosphate, CO2, and one-carbon units (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the 9 steps involved in de novo purine synthesis?

<p>Inosine 5-monophosphate (IMP) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of 5-phosphoribosylamine to inosine 5-monophosphate (IMP)?

<p>Glu amidotransferase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of PRPP kinase in de novo purine synthesis?

<p>Conversion of PRPP to R-5-P (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule provides the one-carbon unit necessary for purine synthesis?

<p>N10-formyltetrahydrofolate (N10-CHO FH4) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of GAR transformylase in de novo purine synthesis?

<p>Conversion of FGAR to FGAM (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is formed from the conversion of AICAR by AICAR transformylase?

<p>(N-formylcarboxamide) ribonucleotide (FAICAR) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of FAICAR to 5-formaminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (FAICAR) in purine synthesis?

<p>(N-formylcarboxamide) ribonucleotide transformylase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final product formed from the conversion of SAICAR by SAICAR lyase in de novo purine synthesis?

<p>Inosine 5-monophosphate (IMP) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the regulation of de novo synthesis of purine nucleotides?

<p>Fulfillment of the body's need without waste (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is involved in the formation of deoxyribonucleotides at the nucleoside diphosphate level?

<p>Ribonucleotide reductase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens in the absence of activity of HGPRT?

<p>Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule provides the one-carbon unit necessary for purine synthesis?

<p>NADPH + H+ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the 9 steps involved in de novo purine synthesis?

<p>IMP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is correct regarding the formation of deoxyribonucleotide at the nucleoside diphosphate level?

<p>Formation involves the reduction of the sugar moiety (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of GAR transformylase in de novo purine synthesis?

<p>Conversion of GAR to FGAR (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which metabolic precursors are involved in the de novo synthesis of nucleotides?

<p>$PRPP$ and $amino acids$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of FAICAR to 5-formaminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (FAICAR) in purine synthesis?

<p>$AICAR$ transformylase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is formed from the conversion of AICAR by AICAR transformylase?

<p>FAICAR (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is involved in the conversion of 5-phosphoribosylamine to inosine 5-monophosphate (IMP) in de novo purine synthesis?

<p>Gln amidotransferase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is a structural analog of purine nucleotides?

<p>FAICAR (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final product formed from the conversion of SAICAR by SAICAR lyase in de novo purine synthesis?

<p>AICAR (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule provides the one-carbon unit necessary for purine synthesis?

<p>CO2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens in the absence of activity of HGPRT?

<p>Increased production of SAICAR (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of GAR transformylase in de novo purine synthesis?

<p>Converts GAR to FGAR (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which metabolic precursors are involved in the de novo synthesis of nucleotides?

<p>Amino acids, ribose-5-phosphate, CO2, and one-carbon units (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the salvage pathway for nucleotide synthesis?

<p>It recycles free bases or nucleosides released from nucleic acid breakdown (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of PRPP kinase in de novo purine synthesis?

<p>It catalyzes the conversion of R-5-P to PRPP (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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