Questions and Answers
Which of these is NOT a core focus of syntax?
What is the distinction between lexical semantics and compositional semantics?
Which of these is NOT a subfield of linguistics?
Which of the following is the BEST example of how stylistics might be used to analyze a literary text?
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What is the primary difference between theoretical linguistics and applied linguistics?
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Which of these BEST exemplifies the concept of "speech acts" in pragmatics?
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Which of the following is NOT a key feature of dependency grammar?
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Which of these options is NOT a core concern of semantics?
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Which of the following best describes the concept of "language variation" in stylistics?
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Which of these is NOT a common area of investigation in pragmatics?
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Study Notes
Syntax
- Deals with the rules governing the arrangement of words to form sentences
- Concerned with the structure of sentences and phrases
- Examines how words are combined to convey meaning
- Involves the study of:
- Phrase structure: how words are grouped into phrases
- Clause structure: how phrases are combined into clauses
- Sentence structure: how clauses are combined into sentences
- Syntax is often divided into:
- Phrase structure grammar: focuses on the organization of phrases
- Dependency grammar: focuses on the relationships between words
Semantics
- Concerned with the meaning of words, phrases, and sentences
- Examines how language conveys meaning and how people interpret it
- Involves the study of:
- Word meaning: the meaning of individual words
- Compositional semantics: how word meanings combine to form phrase and sentence meanings
- Inference: how listeners/readers draw conclusions from language
- Semantics is often divided into:
- Lexical semantics: focuses on word meaning
- Compositional semantics: focuses on how word meanings combine
Linguistics
- The scientific study of language
- Examines language structure, language acquisition, and language use
- Involves the study of:
- Phonetics: the sounds of language
- Phonology: the sound system of language
- Morphology: the structure of words
- Syntax: the structure of sentences
- Semantics: the meaning of language
- Linguistics is often divided into:
- Theoretical linguistics: focuses on the underlying principles of language
- Applied linguistics: focuses on the practical applications of language study
Stylistics
- The study of language in literature and other forms of writing
- Examines how language is used to create literary effects and convey meaning
- Involves the study of:
- Language choice: how authors select language to achieve effects
- Language variation: how language varies in different contexts
- Language and identity: how language reflects and shapes identity
- Stylistics is often divided into:
- Literary stylistics: focuses on the language of literature
- Critical discourse analysis: focuses on the language of social and political discourse
Pragmatics
- Concerned with how language is used in communication
- Examines how language is used to convey meaning in context
- Involves the study of:
- Speech acts: how language is used to perform actions (e.g. making promises, giving orders)
- Implicature: how language implies meaning beyond what is explicitly stated
- Contextualization: how language is influenced by the context in which it is used
- Pragmatics is often divided into:
- Micro-pragmatics: focuses on the language of individual speech acts
- Macro-pragmatics: focuses on the language of social and cultural contexts
Syntax
- Syntax deals with the rules governing the arrangement of words to form sentences
- It is concerned with the structure of sentences and phrases
- It examines how words are combined to convey meaning
- It involves the study of phrase structure, clause structure, and sentence structure
- Syntax is often divided into phrase structure grammar and dependency grammar
Semantics
- Semantics is concerned with the meaning of words, phrases, and sentences
- It examines how language conveys meaning and how people interpret it
- It involves the study of word meaning, compositional semantics, and inference
- Semantics is often divided into lexical semantics and compositional semantics
Linguistics
- Linguistics is the scientific study of language
- It examines language structure, language acquisition, and language use
- It involves the study of phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics
- Linguistics is often divided into theoretical linguistics and applied linguistics
Stylistics
- Stylistics is the study of language in literature and other forms of writing
- It examines how language is used to create literary effects and convey meaning
- It involves the study of language choice, language variation, and language and identity
- Stylistics is often divided into literary stylistics and critical discourse analysis
Pragmatics
- Pragmatics is concerned with how language is used in communication
- It examines how language is used to convey meaning in context
- It involves the study of speech acts, implicature, and contextualization
- Pragmatics is often divided into micro-pragmatics and macro-pragmatics
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Description
This quiz covers the rules of syntax, examining the structure of sentences and phrases in language, including phrase and clause structure.
