Syntax and Phrases Overview

What is required within the head of the phrase for it to be complete?

Adjuncts are mandatory components of a clause.

What is an example of a clause?

In a clause, the phrase referring to the buyer is known as the ______.

Match the term with its correct definition:

Which of the following is an example of a collocation?

The phrase 'in Jenners last Tuesday' is an adjunct in the clause.

What are dependency relations in the context of syntax?

In the phrase 'the large dog', which word is the head?

An adjective can be modified by the adverb 'very'.

What is a noun phrase?

In the sentence 'Accountants audit our finances every year', the word 'Accountants' is used as a _____ noun.

Which of the following examples illustrates a controlling word relationship?

The word 'the' can precede any noun without restriction.

What is the role of modifiers in a phrase?

Match the following words with their roles as controlling words:

Which of the following sentences correctly uses a preposition?

Modifiers can be considered as optional in a sentence.

What do the terms 'complement' and 'adjunct' refer to in the context of modifiers?

The term ________ refers to the central piece of information in a sentence.

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Which of the following correctly identifies the head in the example: 'My mother bought a present for Jeanie in Jenners last Tuesday.'?

Prepositions cannot be followed by pronouns at all.

What distinguishes a direct object from optional modifiers based on verb requirements?

Which phrase in the example 'Barbara handed the results to Alan on Tuesday' serves as the direct object?

Transposition refers to the rearrangement of words in a clause that suggests they form a phrase.

What is the significance of transposition in terms of phrase analysis?

In the passive construction 'Cake were given to Margaret every Friday by the pupils in this maths class', the phrase 'the pupils in this maths class' functions as a ______.

Match the following sentences with their corresponding sentence type:

In the example 'The pupils in this maths class gave cake to Margaret every Friday', which role does 'cake' play?

In the clause 'Barbara handed the results to Alan', 'to Alan' is considered an adjunct.

The phrase 'into the room' can be transposed as _______ in the clause.

What is the relationship between heads and modifiers called?

In English, adjectives can only precede the nouns they modify.

What type of phrase modifies a noun in the example 'The house on the hilltop'?

In the phrase 'The house ______ they built out of reinforced concrete', the blank should be filled with a ______.

Match the following types of modifiers with their examples:

In example (3a), what word is present that is absent in (3b)?

Which of the following sentences illustrates the correct structure of a preposition followed by a noun phrase?

Single words can substitute for phrases in informal spoken English.

The example 'Into which room did Jeeves shimmer?' is commonly used in informal writing.

What is an example of a substitution in the provided content?

In the phrase 'the cat trotted _____', the preposition is missing.

What type of clause is illustrated in the example: 'The room into which Jeeves shimmered'?

Match the following examples with their substitution types:

What type of phrase is 'by the pupils in this maths class' classified as in example (3b)?

The phrase 'the cat trotted in the kitchen' perfectly illustrates substitution principles.

The term _____ refers to a part of a sentence that provides additional detail.

Which type of copula clause is used to link an entity to a property?

Copula clauses can be formed in a passive voice.

What is the Latin word for 'link' or 'connection' that the term 'copula' originates from?

In a locative copula clause, the verb indicates where some entity is ______.

Match the following types of copula clauses with their descriptions:

Which construction is used to declare something as a fact?

An interrogative construction can signal that one of the participants is unknown.

What is an example of an interrogative construction from the content?

A construction that forms a word from a base with additional elements is known as a __________ construction.

Match the following examples with their construction types:

Which phrase illustrates the addition of both a prefix and a suffix?

Constructions can be isolated structures without any relationship to other constructions.

What is the purpose of different constructions according to the content?

Which of the following correctly defines a passive clause?

In a short passive construction, the agent noun phrase is always present.

What are YES-NO interrogatives used for?

The phrase '______' is used to refer to the speaker's ability to describe who performs the action.

Match the following types of constructions with their characteristics:

Which statement about WH interrogatives is correct?

Passive clauses always contain an explicit agent phrase.

What does the term 'short passive' refer to?

What type of construction is considered the most frequent in English?

In a passive construction, the subject receives the action rather than performs it.

What are the two classes of constructions mentioned?

The type of construction that allows for the widest range of modifications is the ____________ construction.

Match the sentence type with its correct example:

Which of the following best describes an oblique object construction?

The sentence 'Did Frank buy Jane the piano?' is an example of a double object construction.

In the example 'The piano was bought for Jane by Frank', the phrase 'for Jane' functions as a __________.

Which of the following is NOT a grammatical function?

The subject of a clause refers to the Patient in the situation described.

What is the role of a subject in a clause?

A subject in English is usually in the ______ case.

Match the following grammatical functions with their definitions:

In which sentence does ‘all’ float from the subject noun phrase?

In the sentence 'The foxes were all hunted', 'all' is part of the oblique object.

In the sentence 'Masha pushed Ivan', identify the subject.

Which of the following sentences contains a direct object?

In the sentence 'The cup was broken by Louise', 'Louise' is the direct object.

What is typically referred to by the direct object NPs in English?

In the sentence 'Tatiana wrote _____ Onegin', the blank should be filled with a _____ object.

Match the verbs with their types based on the given constructions:

Which of the following sentences demonstrates the use of an oblique object?

The direct object noun phrase can be preceded by a preposition.

What is the role of the phrase 'to Harriet' in the sentence 'Emma gave Harriet advice'?

In English, a direct object can be preceded by a preposition.

What grammatical role do direct object nouns typically refer to?

In the sentence 'Celia gave Ben the car', 'Ben' serves as the ______ object.

Match the following sentences with their correct classifications:

Which of the following verbs traditionally indicated the presence of an indirect object?

The concept of indirect object has been completely abandoned in modern grammar.

What case do direct object nouns take in languages with sets of case suffixes?

What grammatical function is responsible for controlling the interpretation of reflexive pronouns?

The subject of a clause has the property of taking the accusative case.

What term refers to the entity performing an action in a situation?

The subject in the sentence 'The dog chased the cat' is the ______.

Which of the following sentences correctly illustrates the floating property of subjects?

In English, subjects are linked with verbs only in number.

In the sentence 'The cat caught a mouse', 'a mouse' serves as the ______.

In the sentence 'The thief smashed the window with a hammer', what role does 'hammer' play?

The role of Benefactive refers to the entity that performs the action in a sentence.

What term is used to describe the role of participants that are neutral between Agent and Patient?

In the sentence 'Sue knows the answer', Sue is said to have the role of an ______.

Match the following roles with their descriptions:

Which of the following statements accurately describes the role of 'baby' in a state sentence?

In the phrase 'Imogen broke the vase', the vase is identified as the Goal.

The term ______ refers to the participant role that represents an instrument used in an action.

What role is typically associated with nouns such as 'flood' as discussed in the context?

The term 'Comitative' refers to situations where entities are in the same place.

What does the presence of the preposition 'with' typically indicate in a sentence?

In the sentence 'The intense cold killed the climbers', 'cold' functions as a ______.

Match the following roles with their correct definitions:

Which example shows a non-prototypical use of human beings as instruments?

All instances of the preposition 'with' can be analyzed the same way.

How can the roles of participants affect the interpretation of sentences involving actions?

Which of the following defines a prototypical Agent?

All Agents necessarily have volition and energy in carrying out their actions.

Provide an example of a sentence where an Agent exerts their will-power.

A _____ is an entity that produces an effect simply by being in a certain position without initiating an action.

Which example illustrates a non-volitional Agent?

Match the following sentences with their corresponding Agent types:

Actions expressed by verbs such as 'die' and 'lie' are not considered voluntary despite being in the imperative form.

What is a key characteristic of an Experiencer in relation to Agents?

What role does Kingston represent in Mr. Knightley's journey?

In the sentence 'The thief smashed the window with a hammer', what role does 'hammer' fulfill?

Which of the following roles is associated with the phrase 'for Mrs. Smith' in the sentence 'Captain Wentworth recovered the property for Mrs. Smith'?

What role does the noun phrase 'the vase' play in the example 'The vase stood on the table in the hall'?

In the context of psychological experiences, which of the following terms refers to the role Susan has in the sentence 'Sue knows the answer'?

Which verb type is identified as having the role of Experiencer in the provided examples?

The role associated with an entity that reflects a psychological state in the sentence 'The answer is known to Sue' can be categorized as what?

What role is typically signaled by the preposition 'for' in sentences?

In the sentence 'The baby chewed the biscuit', what role does 'the baby' play?

Which question can help identify the Patient in a sentence?

What is the role of 'Surrey' in the sentence 'Hartfield House is in Surrey'?

Which of the following sentences can be incorporated into a WH cleft construction?

What distinguishes the sentence 'The baby is heavy.' from 'The baby chewed the biscuit.'?

Which type of role is represented by 'Kingston' in 'Mr. Knightley rode to Kingston.'?

Which of the following is a peripheral participant according to the roles discussed?

In the context of roles, what question can help identify the Agent in a sentence?

Which statement best defines a prototypical Agent?

Which of the following examples represents an Agent that does not exhibit volition?

What distinguishes actions like 'die' and 'lie' in the context of being Agents?

Which sentence illustrates an Agent performing an action by commanding others?

How can the Agent concept also apply to machines?

What effect does the presence of an adverb like 'accidentally' have on the perception of actions?

In which of the following scenarios is the Agent considered as a natural force?

What role do prototypical Agents play in sentence construction?

In example (1a), what role does 'roses' play in the clause?

What type of role does 'garden' take in example (1b)?

Which sentence changes the interpretation of the direct object from the subject of the clause?

What is the key difference in syntactic structure between examples (1a) and (1b)?

In example (34b), what role do 'concrete blocks' fulfill in the sentence?

Which example illustrates a Comitative role in construction?

What does the term 'Patient' refer to in the context of these clauses?

Which sentence structure indicates a prepositional complement in example (1a)?

What role does the noun 'flood' typically represent in a sentence?

In the sentences provided, how is the intense cold described in scenario (8b)?

What does the term Comitative imply in the provided examples with the preposition 'with'?

In which example does 'with' indicate an Instrumental role?

Which of the following correctly explains the difference in the role of cold in examples (8b) and (8c)?

What type of role does 'key' serve in the phrase 'Catriona opened the door with this key'?

In the context provided, how are 'roses' categorized in the sentence 'The gardener planted roses in the garden'?

What does the use of the word 'with' in the example 'The builders made the wall with concrete blocks' signify?