Synaptic Vesicle Recycling Process Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the effect of repeated low frequency stimulation of the sensory neuron?

Postsynaptic depression (correct)

Synaptic facilitation

Synaptic potentiation

Short-term post-synaptic depression

What characterizes Homosynaptic Depression?

Increased sensitivity of Glu receptors

Presynaptic mechanism of plasticity (correct)

Increased vesicle release with each trial

Increased glutamate release

What leads to Short Term Synaptic Potentiation?

Rapid depletion of active vesicles

Increased Ca+ accumulation (correct)

Decreased influx of calcium

Unchanged vesicle exhaustion

What is the mechanism underlying synaptic facilitation?

Ca+ accumulation Signup and view all the answers

How does calcium contribute to Short Term Synaptic Potentiation?

Makes recruitment, docking, and release more efficient Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the vesicle pool following a habituation protocol?

It recovers after hours, corresponding to behavioral recovery Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the ATP-dependent priming reaction in synaptic vesicles?

To make them competent for calcium-triggered fusion Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism is the most rapid for reusing vesicles after transmitter discharge?

Reversible fusion pore Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the classical pathway of vesicle retrieval?

Relies on clathrin-coated pits throughout the axon terminal except at active zones Signup and view all the answers

How does the bulk retrieval pathway differ from the classical pathway?

It is slower and occurs through uncoated pits Signup and view all the answers

Which step immediately follows the ATP-dependent priming reaction in the synaptic vesicle cycle?

Release of neurotransmitters Signup and view all the answers

What happens during reversible fusion pore mechanism in vesicle reuse?

Rapid closure of the fusion pore Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism underlying short-term habituation in the gill-withdrawal reflex of Aplysia?

Homosynaptic depression of activated synapses Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism by which each quantum of transmitter released from the presynaptic terminal affects the postsynaptic potential?

Each quantum produces a unit excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) of fixed amplitude Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between the amplitude of the EPSP and the number of quanta of transmitter released?

The amplitude of the EPSP is directly proportional to the number of quanta released Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to synaptic plasticity in the gill-withdrawal reflex of Aplysia?

Activation of inhibitory interneurons suppressing the reflex pathway Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the siphon in Aplysia?

To expel seawater and waste Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is involved in the gill-withdrawal reflex of Aplysia?

The abdominal ganglion Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Synaptic Vesicle Cycle

Filled vesicles dock at the active zone and undergo an ATP-dependent priming reaction to become competent for calcium-triggered fusion.
After discharging their contents, synaptic vesicles are recycled through clathrin-mediated endocytosis or by endosomes.

Vesicle Retrieval Mechanisms

Reversible fusion pore: rapid mechanism for reusing vesicles, requiring only closure of the fusion pore.
Classical pathway: excess membrane is retrieved through endocytosis using clathrin-coated pits.
Bulk retrieval pathway: excess membrane reenters the terminal by budding from uncoated pits.

Synaptic Plasticity

Habituation: decreased response to repeated stimulation, resulting in fewer docked vesicles, but recovers after hours.
Homosynaptic depression: decreased transmitter release, indicating a presynaptic mechanism of plasticity.
Short-term synaptic depression: due to presynaptic depletion of active vesicles.
Calcium plays multiple roles in synaptic facilitation and depression.

Synaptic Facilitation and Potentiation

Synaptic facilitation: results from Ca+ accumulation, increasing recruitment, docking, and release efficiency.
Short-term synaptic potentiation: higher frequency stimulation causes rapid and sustained influx of calcium, enhancing vesicle release.

Aplysia and Habituation

Habituation: decrease in intensity of reflexes in response to repeated electrical stimulation of motor pathways.
Experimental setup: Aplysia's gill-withdrawal reflex, with repeated stimulation leading to habituation.
Simplified circuit: shows key elements of the gill-withdrawal reflex and sites involved in habituation.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the steps involved in the recycling of synaptic vesicles after transmitter discharge. From docking at the active zone to retrieval via endocytosis and recycling through endosomes, this quiz covers the essential processes.