Podcast
Questions and Answers
deep, rapid respiration characteristic of diabetic or other causes of acidosis HALITOSIS - offensive odor of the breath.
deep, rapid respiration characteristic of diabetic or other causes of acidosis HALITOSIS - offensive odor of the breath.
KUSSMAUL’s breathing
offensive odor of the breath.
offensive odor of the breath.
HALITOSIS
a characteristic “fruity” or acetone breath odor that occurs with a life-threatening condition of diabetic ketoacidosis
a characteristic “fruity” or acetone breath odor that occurs with a life-threatening condition of diabetic ketoacidosis
Acetone breath odor
also described as urine-like or "fishy" in people with chronic kidney failure.
also described as urine-like or "fishy" in people with chronic kidney failure.
fabrication of information that often occurs during hypnosis, when the unconscious encounters a memory gap and fills it with incorrect information
fabrication of information that often occurs during hypnosis, when the unconscious encounters a memory gap and fills it with incorrect information
A rapid succession of thoughts manifested by continuous and constantly shifting verbalization or loosely linked play on words. The ideas are generally connected. Flight of ideas is a feature of manic mood disorders
A rapid succession of thoughts manifested by continuous and constantly shifting verbalization or loosely linked play on words. The ideas are generally connected. Flight of ideas is a feature of manic mood disorders
paleness, as of the skin or mucosae. Although it is commonly associated with anemia, many long-term cases show mucosae of normal color; pallor is also a common sign in shock.
paleness, as of the skin or mucosae. Although it is commonly associated with anemia, many long-term cases show mucosae of normal color; pallor is also a common sign in shock.
a condition in which a person's skin and the whites of the eyes are discolored yellow due to an increased level of bile pigments in the blood resulting from liver disease
a condition in which a person's skin and the whites of the eyes are discolored yellow due to an increased level of bile pigments in the blood resulting from liver disease
redness of the skin caused by congestion of the capillaries in the lower layers of the skin. It occurs with any skin injury, infection, or inflammation.
redness of the skin caused by congestion of the capillaries in the lower layers of the skin. It occurs with any skin injury, infection, or inflammation.
bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes
bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes
generalized, gray-brown discoloration of the skin
generalized, gray-brown discoloration of the skin
white patches in the skin surrounded by areas of normal pigmentation
white patches in the skin surrounded by areas of normal pigmentation
generalized
generalized
spoon nail (concave nail)
spoon nail (concave nail)
if nails meet and angle of attachment is 180 degrees or greater
if nails meet and angle of attachment is 180 degrees or greater
separation of the nail from the nailbed
separation of the nail from the nailbed
transverse ridges; may indicate serious illness causing nail growth to halt
transverse ridges; may indicate serious illness causing nail growth to halt
inflammation
inflammation
flat nonpalpable lesion; < 1cm
flat nonpalpable lesion; < 1cm
flat nonpalpable lesion; >1cm
flat nonpalpable lesion; >1cm
palpable, raised but superficial lesion < 1cm
palpable, raised but superficial lesion < 1cm
raised, superficial, temporary lesion
raised, superficial, temporary lesion
palpable, solid with depth in to dermis < 2cm; if it is fluid-filled & encapsulated it is referred as cyst
palpable, solid with depth in to dermis < 2cm; if it is fluid-filled & encapsulated it is referred as cyst
palpable, solid with depth in to dermis > 2cm
palpable, solid with depth in to dermis > 2cm
palpable, fluid-filled serous lesion <1cm
palpable, fluid-filled serous lesion <1cm
palpable, fluid-filled serous lesion >1cm
palpable, fluid-filled serous lesion >1cm
palpable; pus-filled lesion
palpable; pus-filled lesion
hives
hives
white nails
white nails
athlete’s foot; fungal skin diseases occurring in the foot
athlete’s foot; fungal skin diseases occurring in the foot
ringworm, fungal skin disease occurring anywhere in the body
ringworm, fungal skin disease occurring anywhere in the body
thinning of hair growth
thinning of hair growth
excessive hair growth
excessive hair growth
the presence of lice on the scalp, seen especially in children, with nits attached to hairs
the presence of lice on the scalp, seen especially in children, with nits attached to hairs
Referring to a head of normal shape and of normal size for the person’s age.
Referring to a head of normal shape and of normal size for the person’s age.
Abnormal protrusion of the eyeball
Abnormal protrusion of the eyeball
an abnormal condition in which cerebrospinal fluid collects in the ventricles of the brain
an abnormal condition in which cerebrospinal fluid collects in the ventricles of the brain
A chronic disease of adults marked by enlargement of the bones of the extremities, face, and jaw that is caused by overactivity of the pituitary gland
A chronic disease of adults marked by enlargement of the bones of the extremities, face, and jaw that is caused by overactivity of the pituitary gland
drooping of upper eyelid
drooping of upper eyelid
visible sclera between iris and eyelid; setting-sun eyes
visible sclera between iris and eyelid; setting-sun eyes
outward turning or sagging of lower eyelid that leaves the eye exposed & dry
outward turning or sagging of lower eyelid that leaves the eye exposed & dry
inversion of the eyelid, so that the lashes rub against the globe of the eye
inversion of the eyelid, so that the lashes rub against the globe of the eye
accumulation of fluid
accumulation of fluid
a whitish deposit in the shape of an arc that is sometimes seen in the cornea
a whitish deposit in the shape of an arc that is sometimes seen in the cornea
dilatation of the pupil of the eye
dilatation of the pupil of the eye
constriction of the pupil of the eye
constriction of the pupil of the eye
PERRLA
PERRLA
inability of both eyes to gaze at the same point in space
inability of both eyes to gaze at the same point in space
oscillating, rapid involuntary rhythmic eye movement
oscillating, rapid involuntary rhythmic eye movement
disorder of the sebaceous gland causing increase in the sebaceous secretion
disorder of the sebaceous gland causing increase in the sebaceous secretion
An abnormal mass of tissue arising from the conjunctiva of the inner corner of the eye that obstructs vision by growing over the cornea
An abnormal mass of tissue arising from the conjunctiva of the inner corner of the eye that obstructs vision by growing over the cornea
a slightly elevated elastic tissue deposit in the conjunctiva that may extend to the cornea but does not cover it
a slightly elevated elastic tissue deposit in the conjunctiva that may extend to the cornea but does not cover it
unequal pupils
unequal pupils
ears greater than 10cm vertical height in adults
ears greater than 10cm vertical height in adults
ears less than 4cm vertical height in adults
ears less than 4cm vertical height in adults
diminished hearing acuity in older adults
diminished hearing acuity in older adults
elongated or rounded projections seen in the nasal cavity; usually benign
elongated or rounded projections seen in the nasal cavity; usually benign
inflammation of the sinuses usually following an upper respiratory infection
inflammation of the sinuses usually following an upper respiratory infection
slight ingrowth of the lower nasal septum
slight ingrowth of the lower nasal septum
nosebleed
nosebleed
white patches seen in the mucous membrane in the mouth or tongue
white patches seen in the mucous membrane in the mouth or tongue
bony growths in hard palate
bony growths in hard palate
inflammation of the lips, drying and cracking
inflammation of the lips, drying and cracking
fissures at the corners of the lips (vitamin B deficiency)
fissures at the corners of the lips (vitamin B deficiency)
reddened, smooth painful tongue with or w/o ulcerations
reddened, smooth painful tongue with or w/o ulcerations
caused by inhibition of normal bacteria & overgrowth of fungus; usually associated with antibiotic use
caused by inhibition of normal bacteria & overgrowth of fungus; usually associated with antibiotic use
enlargement of gums frequently seen in pregnancy, leukemia or prolonged use of phenytoin (Dilantin)
enlargement of gums frequently seen in pregnancy, leukemia or prolonged use of phenytoin (Dilantin)
deviation of the neck to one side caused by spasmodic contraction of neck muscles
deviation of the neck to one side caused by spasmodic contraction of neck muscles
Flashcards are hidden until you start studying
Study Notes
Respiratory System
- Deep, rapid respiration is characteristic of diabetic or other causes of acidosis
- Fruity or acetone breath odor is a characteristic of diabetic ketoacidosis
- Halitosis is an offensive odor of the breath
- Urine-like or "fishy" breath odor is characteristic of chronic kidney failure
Skin and Hair
- Pallor is paleness of the skin or mucosae, often associated with anemia
- Jaundice is a condition in which the skin and whites of the eyes are discolored yellow due to liver disease
- Erythema is redness of the skin caused by congestion of the capillaries in the lower layers of the skin
- Cyanosis is bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes
- Arg mas is generalized, gray-brown discoloration of the skin
- Vitiligo is characterized by white patches in the skin surrounded by areas of normal pigmentation
- Koilonychia is a spoon-shaped nail
- Onycholysis is separation of the nail from the nailbed
- Beau's lines are transverse ridges on the nail
Lesions
- Macule is a flat, non-palpable lesion, less than 1cm
- Patch is a flat, non-palpable lesion, greater than 1cm
- Papule is a palpable, raised, but superficial lesion, less than 1cm
- Wheal is a raised, superficial, temporary lesion
- Nodule is a palpable, solid lesion with depth into the dermis, less than 2cm
- Cyst is a palpable, fluid-filled lesion, less than 1cm
- Tumor is a palpable, solid lesion with depth into the dermis, greater than 2cm
- Vesicle is a palpable, fluid-filled lesion, less than 1cm
- Pustule is a palpable, pus-filled lesion
- Hives are itchy, painful, or burning patches on the skin
- White nails are seen in certain diseases, such as fungal infections
- Athlete's foot is a fungal skin disease occurring in the foot
- Ringworm is a fungal skin disease occurring anywhere in the body
- Alopecia is thinning of hair growth
- Hirsutism is excessive hair growth
- Pediculosis is the presence of lice on the scalp, seen especially in children
Eyes and Face
- Normocephaly is a head of normal shape and size for the person's age
- Exophthalmos is abnormal protrusion of the eyeball
- Hydrocephalus is an abnormal condition in which cerebrospinal fluid collects in the ventricles of the brain
- Acromegaly is a chronic disease of adults marked by enlargement of the bones of the extremities, face, and jaw
- Ptosis is drooping of the upper eyelid
- Sclera show is visible sclera between iris and eyelid
- Ectropion is outward turning or sagging of lower eyelid that leaves the eye exposed and dry
- Entropion is inversion of the eyelid, so that the lashes rub against the globe of the eye
- Chemosis is accumulation of fluid
- Arcus senilis is a whitish deposit in the shape of an arc in the cornea
- Mydriasis is dilatation of the pupil of the eye
- Miosis is constriction of the pupil of the eye
- PERRLA is equality of reaction to light and accommodation in both eyes
- Strabismus is inability of both eyes to gaze at the same point in space
- Nystagmus is oscillating, rapid, involuntary rhythmic eye movement
- Meibomian cyst is a disorder of the sebaceous gland causing an increase in sebaceous secretion
- Pterygium is an abnormal mass of tissue arising from the conjunctiva of the inner corner of the eye
- Pinguecula is a slightly elevated elastic tissue deposit in the conjunctiva that may extend to the cornea but does not cover it
- Anisocoria is unequal pupils
Ears, Nose, and Mouth
- Macrotia is ears greater than 10cm vertical height in adults
- Microtia is ears less than 4cm vertical height in adults
- Presbyacusis is diminished hearing acuity in older adults
- Nasal polyp is an elongated or rounded projection seen in the nasal cavity, usually benign
- Sinusitis is inflammation of the sinuses, usually following an upper respiratory infection
- Deviation of nasal septum is a slight ingrowth of the lower nasal septum
- Epistaxis is nosebleed
- Leukoplakia is white patches seen in the mucous membrane in the mouth or tongue
- Torus palatinus is a bony growth in the hard palate
- Cheilitis is inflammation of the lips, drying, and cracking
- Angular cheilitis is fissures at the corners of the lips, often due to vitamin B deficiency
- Glossitis is a reddened, smooth, painful tongue with or without ulcerations
- Thrush is caused by inhibition of normal bacteria and overgrowth of fungus, usually associated with antibiotic use
- Gingival hyperplasia is enlargement of the gums, frequently seen in pregnancy, leukemia, or prolonged use of phenytoin (Dilantin)
- Torticollis is deviation of the neck to one side, caused by spasmodic contraction of neck muscles
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
