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Questions and Answers
Which type of receptor is activated by one of the catecholamine transmitters?
Which type of receptor is activated by one of the catecholamine transmitters?
- Ligand-gated ion channels
- G protein-coupled receptors (correct)
- Intracellular receptors
- Receptor tyrosine kinases
Which drug classification is based on the chemical structure and potency in activating adrenergic receptors?
Which drug classification is based on the chemical structure and potency in activating adrenergic receptors?
- Catecholamine vs. Non-Catecholamine (correct)
- Alpha vs. Beta receptors
- Direct-acting vs. Indirect-acting agonists
- Sympathomimetic agonist vs. Sympatholytic antagonist
Which enzyme inactivates catecholamines like epinephrine and norepinephrine?
Which enzyme inactivates catecholamines like epinephrine and norepinephrine?
- Acetylcholinesterase
- Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) (correct)
- Aldose reductase
- Monoamine oxidase (MAO)
Why do catecholamines have a brief period of action if given parenterally?
Why do catecholamines have a brief period of action if given parenterally?
What is a characteristic of non-catecholamines compared to catecholamines?
What is a characteristic of non-catecholamines compared to catecholamines?
Which type of adrenergic receptor blocker is responsible for venular vasodilation and pooling of blood?
Which type of adrenergic receptor blocker is responsible for venular vasodilation and pooling of blood?
Which drug classification includes drugs that deplete the storage of norepinephrine?
Which drug classification includes drugs that deplete the storage of norepinephrine?
Which class of α-blockers is further classified as reversible competitive (Short acting)?
Which class of α-blockers is further classified as reversible competitive (Short acting)?
What is the pharmacological effect of α-blockers on arterioles?
What is the pharmacological effect of α-blockers on arterioles?
Which drug is an example of a centrally acting α2 agonist?
Which drug is an example of a centrally acting α2 agonist?
Flashcards
G protein-coupled receptors
G protein-coupled receptors
A type of receptor activated by catecholamine transmitters like epinephrine and norepinephrine. They are involved in various physiological processes, including heart rate, blood pressure, and energy metabolism.
Catecholamine vs. Non-Catecholamine
Catecholamine vs. Non-Catecholamine
This classification groups drugs based on their chemical structure and how effectively they activate adrenergic receptors. Catecholamines are naturally occurring, while non-catecholamines are synthesized.
Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)
Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)
An enzyme that breaks down catecholamines like epinephrine and norepinephrine, limiting their duration of action in the body.
Why do catecholamines have a brief action parenterally?
Why do catecholamines have a brief action parenterally?
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Non-catecholamine characteristics
Non-catecholamine characteristics
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α-blockers
α-blockers
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Adrenergic neurons blockers
Adrenergic neurons blockers
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Phentolamine
Phentolamine
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α-blockers on arterioles
α-blockers on arterioles
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Clonidine (Centrally acting α2 agonist)
Clonidine (Centrally acting α2 agonist)
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Study Notes
Adrenergic Receptors
- Adrenergic receptors are activated by catecholamine transmitters.
- Drug classification is based on the chemical structure and potency in activating adrenergic receptors.
Catecholamine Inactivation
- Catecholamines like epinephrine and norepinephrine are inactivated by the enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT).
Catecholamine Action
- Catecholamines have a brief period of action if given parenterally due to rapid inactivation by COMT.
Catecholamines vs. Non-Catecholamines
- A characteristic of non-catecholamines compared to catecholamines is that they are not inactivated by COMT.
Adrenergic Receptor Blockers
- Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor blockers are responsible for venular vasodilation and pooling of blood.
Drug Classification
- The drug classification that includes drugs that deplete the storage of norepinephrine is known as Vesicular Monoamine Transporter 2 (VMAT2) inhibitors.
Alpha-Blockers
- The class of α-blockers that is further classified as reversible competitive is the short-acting type.
Pharmacological Effect of Alpha-Blockers
- The pharmacological effect of α-blockers on arterioles is vasodilation.
Centrally Acting Alpha-2 Agonists
- Clonidine is an example of a centrally acting α2 agonist.
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