27 Questions
What is the focus of SDG 1.5?
Resilience of the poor and reducing exposure to climate-related situations
What is a significant cause of changes in the labour market according to the text?
Globalization and international trade
What is an example of the transfer of tasks mentioned in the text?
Offshoring and jobs moving to cheaper places
What is a notable impact of digitization on jobs according to the text?
Jobs are changing
What was the year when the Sickness Benefit Act was introduced in the Netherlands?
1913
What determined the benefit under the WAO Act for Long Term Disability in the Netherlands?
% of loss of earning capacity
When did the shift from public to private responsibilities regarding long-term disability occur in the Netherlands?
1994
What is the threshold for employers to be mandated by the Corporate Sustainable Reporting Directive (CSRD) by the EU?
More than 250 employees or net turnover above 40 mln or total assets of at least 20 mln
What does the CSRD require employers to disclose?
Info on risks and opportunities arising from social and environmental issues, and impact of their activities on people and environment
According to the text, what is a reason why legacy filled systems are not providing the right solutions for the current labor market?
Ageing population puts pressure on existing pension agreements
Based on the text, what does the future need according to the author?
Transformation of labor market to maintain same welfare
What is one advantage mentioned in the text for having a hybrid model for service level?
Efficiency because of profit incentive
What does tech enable according to the text?
Better solutions on sustainable welfare
What has led to pressure on safety nets according to the text?
Labour shortages in western countries
What influences behavior and future ESG according to the text?
Regulation from Europe
What has been the impact of digitalization and industrialization on poverty?
Decreased poverty, but it is increasing again, especially due to COVID-19
Which region has the highest poverty level?
Sub-Saharan Africa
What has been the impact of COVID-19 on GDP?
Had a large negative effect on GDP, leading to long-term impacts
What is the key driver of poverty impact mentioned in the text?
Agriculture
How does climate change impact economic inequality?
Has a non-linear impact on economic inequality, with hot countries suffering more
What has been the trend in inequalities over time?
Inequalities have diminished over time
What is the government tasked with in the context of inequality?
Redistribution of resources
Which group is more impacted by natural disasters according to the text?
Poor people
What has been the trend in GDP per capita differences between high-income and low-income countries?
Increased over time
What are the outcomes mentioned in the context of age pyramid shifting?
Changing demand and competition for workers
What has been the trend in demand and competition for workers due to age pyramid shifting?
Leading to changing demand and competition for workers
What is mentioned about unemployment percentages across continents?
Vary across continents
Study Notes
Impact of Economic Inequality, Climate Change, and COVID-19 on Global Poverty and Welfare Systems
- Age pyramid shifting, leading to changing demand and competition for workers
- Outcomes: big opportunities for tech-driven and skilled workers, but less for low-skilled workers
- Tension in society due to inequality, with the government tasked with redistribution
- Digitalization and industrialization have decreased poverty, but it is increasing again, especially due to COVID-19
- Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest poverty level, while East Asia has significantly lower levels
- Unemployment percentages are similar across continents, but poverty is about having a decent job
- Inequalities have diminished over time, but GDP per capita differences between high-income and low-income countries have increased
- Housing, unemployment, labor market, and family benefits have increased in many countries post-war, but the first 40% in many high-income countries have very little means
- Poor people are more impacted by natural disasters and emerging markets are exposed to recent crises, leading to an increase in poverty
- Agriculture is a key driver of poverty impact, and global warming could worsen health and productivity
- Climate change has a non-linear impact on economic inequality, with hot countries suffering more
- COVID-19 has had a large negative effect on GDP, leading to long-term impacts on debt, unemployment, household income, and health
Source: Diffenbauch and Burke's paper on the impact of climate change on economic inequality, and Sanchez et al.'s paper on the effect of COVID-19 on income and the tax-benefit system in Belgium, Italy, Spain, and the UK
Explore the connection between Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the resilience of the poor in the labor market. This quiz covers topics such as reducing exposure to climate-related situations, achieving full and productive employment, ensuring equal pay and value for work, and promoting safe working environments, especially for migrant workers.
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