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Questions and Answers
How many aspects is Sustainable Development divided into?
How many aspects is Sustainable Development divided into?
What is one of the key directions of the green economy in Kazakhstan?
What is one of the key directions of the green economy in Kazakhstan?
What does the Noosphere according to Vernadsky refer to?
What does the Noosphere according to Vernadsky refer to?
What is a water eco-house?
What is a water eco-house?
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Which factors limit vegetation in a forest belt?
Which factors limit vegetation in a forest belt?
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Which statement correctly defines the Troposphere?
Which statement correctly defines the Troposphere?
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What type of ecosystem biomass is characterized primarily by high vegetation?
What type of ecosystem biomass is characterized primarily by high vegetation?
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How is the Lithosphere best described?
How is the Lithosphere best described?
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What is the term used for pollution caused by human activity?
What is the term used for pollution caused by human activity?
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What is a geologically protected object that is considered valuable?
What is a geologically protected object that is considered valuable?
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What year was the Kyrgyz Republic's "Environmental Code" published?
What year was the Kyrgyz Republic's "Environmental Code" published?
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What is defined as the environment where matter and energy circulation takes place among all organisms?
What is defined as the environment where matter and energy circulation takes place among all organisms?
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Which of the following is a document that registers species approaching extinction?
Which of the following is a document that registers species approaching extinction?
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What is the official reason attributed to the death of dogfish in the Caspian Sea?
What is the official reason attributed to the death of dogfish in the Caspian Sea?
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How can industrial waste disposal regimes be categorized?
How can industrial waste disposal regimes be categorized?
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Which source of pollution contributes to the deterioration of the Caspian Sea environment?
Which source of pollution contributes to the deterioration of the Caspian Sea environment?
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Which of the following can be considered a natural monument?
Which of the following can be considered a natural monument?
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What factor contributes to the Semipalatinsk region being classified as an environmental disaster zone?
What factor contributes to the Semipalatinsk region being classified as an environmental disaster zone?
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What is a significant factor leading to the decline in the sturgeon population in the Caspian Sea?
What is a significant factor leading to the decline in the sturgeon population in the Caspian Sea?
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Which action aims to protect sturgeon in the Caspian Sea?
Which action aims to protect sturgeon in the Caspian Sea?
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Which term best describes the ability of water surfaces to reflect light?
Which term best describes the ability of water surfaces to reflect light?
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What defines the process of eutrophication?
What defines the process of eutrophication?
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Which method is considered effective in combating desertification?
Which method is considered effective in combating desertification?
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What is a primary reason for the rise and retreat of the sea?
What is a primary reason for the rise and retreat of the sea?
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Which of the following relates to a global environmental problem?
Which of the following relates to a global environmental problem?
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What natural resource determines the climate of the planet?
What natural resource determines the climate of the planet?
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What is the environmental consequence of forest fires?
What is the environmental consequence of forest fires?
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What is a significant environmental impact of physical pollution?
What is a significant environmental impact of physical pollution?
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What is the environmental impact of solid household waste?
What is the environmental impact of solid household waste?
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Where was the 1st World Conference on the Environment held?
Where was the 1st World Conference on the Environment held?
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What idea does the concept of sustainable development express?
What idea does the concept of sustainable development express?
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What term refers to a retreat to subsequent normal development?
What term refers to a retreat to subsequent normal development?
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What principle is emphasized by the law of ecology in the production process?
What principle is emphasized by the law of ecology in the production process?
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What consequence is linked to the discovery of large volumes of fossils?
What consequence is linked to the discovery of large volumes of fossils?
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At what stage of the green economy is the transition to the principles of the third industrial revolution occurring?
At what stage of the green economy is the transition to the principles of the third industrial revolution occurring?
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Which of the following refers to a biotic factor?
Which of the following refers to a biotic factor?
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At what stage of the green economy is the creation of green infrastructure occurring?
At what stage of the green economy is the creation of green infrastructure occurring?
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What is one of the main results of RIO 92?
What is one of the main results of RIO 92?
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What does TV aim to achieve in the context of political engagement regarding environmental issues?
What does TV aim to achieve in the context of political engagement regarding environmental issues?
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How can natural resources be defined?
How can natural resources be defined?
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Study Notes
Sustainable Development
- Sustainable development is divided into 3 aspects
- Economic aspect refers to the potential for economic growth of civilization
- Social aspect refers to national, regional, cultural peculiarities of prosperity
- Ecological aspect refers to the environmental impact of civilization on the planet
Republic of Kazakhstan's "Green" Economy
- The second direction of the Republic of Kazakhstan's "green" economy includes:
- Energy efficiency in housing and communal services
- Introduction of renewable energy sources
- Improvement of the waste management system
- Improvement of Water Resources Management Systems
- Development of "clean" transport
Water Eco-House
- A water eco-house is not a specific type of dwelling but rather a concept or approach to sustainable living that emphasizes water-saving technologies and practices.
Limiting Factors in Ecosystems
- Limited factors are resources or conditions that restrict the growth or distribution of organisms.
- The limiting factors of the forest belt include:
- Precipitation amount
- Amount of heat
- Presence of leaf mineral elements
Ecosystem Biomass
- Ecosystem biomass refers to the total mass of living organisms in a given area.
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High vegetation is characteristic of ecosystem biomass, especially in:
- Rainforest
- Broad-leaved forest
- Ocean (due to high phytoplankton biomass)
Food Chains and Biocenosis
- The destruction of a link in the food chain can have harmful effects on a biocenosis (a community of living organisms)
- Producers are the primary link in a food chain, as they convert sunlight into energy.
- Herbivores make up the first order of consumers in a food chain.
- Second order consumers (carnivores that prey on herbivores) are also crucial to a balanced ecosystem.
- Third order consumers (carnivores that prey on other carnivores) have a less direct impact on the biocenosis.
- Reducers, which break down dead organisms and waste, are essential for nutrient cycling.
Ecosystem
- The concept of ecosystem was introduced by Arthur Tansley in 1935.
- An ecological system is a complex system of living organisms and their physical environment, interconnected through the flow of matter and energy.
- Biogeocenosis is a term used to describe the interaction between living organisms and their environment in a specific geographic location.
Pollution
- Anthropogenic pollution is pollution caused by human activities.
- Natural pollution occurs through natural processes, such as volcanic eruptions or forest fires.
Water Types
- The aggregate types of water are:
- Liquid
- Solid (ice)
- Gas (water vapor)
Industrial Waste
- Industrial waste is classified based on its disposal regime:
- Organized (controlled disposal)
- Unorganized (uncontrolled disposal)
- Discarded without cleaning (potential environmental hazard)
- Cleaned (safe for disposal)
Environmental Management
- The control flap installed on water sources is to control the composition and properties of water and monitor sanitary water indicators.
- The "green" economy involves a transition to sustainable development practices to promote environmental protection and economic growth.
- The "third industrial revolution" refers to a new wave of technological advancements focused on sustainability and renewable energy.
The Law of Tolerance
- The law of tolerance states that organisms can only tolerate a certain range of environmental conditions.
- The law of the minimum states that the growth of an organism is limited by the most scarce factor in its environment.
RIO 92
- The Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro (1992) resulted in several important outcomes, including:
- Agenda 21 – A plan for sustainable development
- Adoption of the Framework Convention on Climate Change
- Adoption of the Convention on Biological Diversity
- The Concept of Sustainable Development was formally recognized and implemented in various governmental policies.
Environmental Problems
- Pollution of the world's oceans is a global environmental problem.
Natural Resources
- Solar radiation is a crucial natural resource that determines the planet's climate.
Environmental Impacts
- The impact of physical pollution includes:
- Radiation pollution
- Industrial dust release
- Electromagnetic fields
- Noise pollution
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Forest fires have significant environmental consequences:
- They disrupt the oxygen balance in the atmosphere
- They can lead to soil erosion and desertification.
Ecosystems and Biosphere
- The biosphere encapsulates all living organisms on Earth, along with the physical environment they occupy.
- The troposphere, the lower layer of the atmosphere, is crucial for weather patterns and supports life on Earth.
- Noosphere is the sphere of human activity that includes the biosphere and interacts with it.
Soil Erosion
- Natural soil erosion occurs through wind or water action.
- Technogenic soil erosion is caused by human activities, such as deforestation or mining.
Water Characteristics
- Albedo refers to the ability of a surface to reflect light.
- Eutrophication is the excessive enrichment of a body of water with nutrients, leading to excessive plant growth and depletion of oxygen.
Environmental Management
- Desertification is the degradation of land in arid and semi-arid areas.
- Afforestation is the process of planting trees to help combat desertification.
- Groves are areas of trees planted to improve soil quality and prevent erosion.
Environmental Issues and Impacts
- The rise and retreat of the sea (tides) are influenced by the gravitational pull of the moon and the rotation of the Earth.
- Urban ecosystems have unique characteristics and environmental challenges.
- Nuclear power plants have the potential for environmental impacts, including radioactive waste.
Environmental Disaster Zones
- The Semipalatinsk region in Kazakhstan is considered an environmental disaster zone due to the long-term consequences of nuclear testing.
- Dogfish die-offs in the Caspian Sea have been linked to chronic toxicosis, likely caused by various pollutants.
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Pollution of the Caspian Sea is a major concern, with sources including:
- Drilling sludge
- Oil products
- Other industrial waste
Endangered Species
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Sturgeon populations in the Caspian Sea have sharply declined due to factors such as:
- Overfishing
- Pollution
- Habitat degradation
- The Red Book is a list of endangered species that require protection efforts.
Soil and Resources
- The soil is a critical natural resource, providing fertility and support for life.
- Burial grounds and polygons are sites for storing hazardous waste, often underground.
- Cars account for approximately 75-80% of total pollutants in cities.
Climate Change
- Climate change is a major environmental problem, with global impacts.
- The 1st World Conference on the Environment was held in Stockholm, Sweden in 1972.
- Degradation refers to the deterioration of environmental quality.
Environmental Awareness
- Environmental education is crucial for raising awareness about environmental issues and promoting sustainable practices.
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Description
Explore the three aspects of sustainable development - economic, social, and ecological. This quiz also delves into Kazakhstan's green economy initiatives, including energy efficiency and renewable resources. Learn about the concept of water eco-houses and limiting factors in ecosystems.
