Sustainable Development and Environment Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What does sustainable development refer to?

Sustainable development refers to meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

What does the term 'environ' mean?

Environ refers to the surrounding area or environment.

Which of the following gases is used by plants for photosynthesis?

  • Carbon Dioxide (correct)
  • Nitrogen
  • Oxygen
  • Hydrogen

    • What does environment mean?

    <p>Environment refers to the surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following aspects is not included in the environment?

    <p>Buildings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which work did Dr. Rajendra Singh receive the Magsaysay Award for?

    <p>Dr. Rajendra Singh was awarded the Magsaysay Award for his work in water conservation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is considered the 'Eco-mark' of the country?

    <p>Eco-mark is a certification mark given to environmentally friendly products in India.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which country was the World Summit on Sustainable Development held?

    <p>The World Summit on Sustainable Development was held in South Africa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under which subject do environmental studies fall?

    <p>Social Science</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who headed the Chipko Movement?

    <p>The Chipko Movement was headed by Sunderlal Bahuguna.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What activities can school and college students engage in to understand environmental awareness?

    <p>Students can engage in activities like tree planting, cleanup drives, and workshops on sustainability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who propounded the term ecology?

    <p>The term ecology was propounded by Ernst Haeckel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a non-scavenger?

    <p>Lion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the tropical grassland ecosystems in Africa?

    <p>The tropical grassland ecosystems in Africa are known as savannas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the organisms found in burnt soils?

    <p>The organisms found in burnt soils are called pyrophytic organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the sequence of eating and being eaten in an ecosystem?

    <p>The sequence is known as a food chain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lake has a high nutrient concentration?

    <p>Eutrophic lakes are known for having high nutrient concentrations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which area is terrace farming practiced as a soil conservation measure?

    <p>Terrace farming is practiced in hilly areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the organisms that feed on dead organisms and the wastes of living organisms?

    <p>These organisms are known as decomposers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the tropical grasslands in Africa with tall grasses scattered with shrubs or stunted trees?

    <p>These are known as savannas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Microorganisms play a crucial role in cycling of __________.

    <p>nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under which category do chemoautotrophs come?

    <p>Chemoautotrophs come under the category of autotrophs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the form of flow of energy in an ecosystem?

    <p>The flow of energy in an ecosystem is typically linear.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the lakes with low nutrient concentration?

    <p>Oligotrophic lakes have low nutrient concentrations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following can be a man-made cause of earthquakes?

    <p>Mining activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    On the bank of which river was the Tehri dam constructed?

    <p>The Tehri dam was constructed on the Bhagirathi River.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of an artificial technique to induce rainfall?

    <p>Cloud seeding is the artificial technique used to induce rainfall.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Jaduguda is known for __________.

    <p>Jaduguda is known for uranium mining.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which country is the largest producer of wind energy?

    <p>The United States is the largest producer of wind energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a source of bio-fuel?

    <p>Corn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Nuclear energy is based on __________ reactions.

    <p>nuclear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    With which natural phenomenon is Vetiver (khus khus) grass technology associated?

    <p>Vetiver grass technology is associated with soil erosion control.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a forestation?

    <p>Afforestation is the process of planting trees in a barren land to create a forest.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pair is matched correctly?

    <p>Mango - Fruit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a component of natural gas?

    <p>Methane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The study of soil is called __________.

    <p>pedology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Approximately how many million hectares of land are made barren each year due to worldwide desertification?

    <p>Approximately 12 million hectares of land are made barren each year.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is nitrification?

    <p>Nitrification is the process by which ammonia is converted into nitrate ions by bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who took up the cause of the Sardar Sarovar dam-related issue?

    <p>Medha Patkar took up the cause of the Sardar Sarovar dam issue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of a layer of sediment or rock that is highly permeable and contains water?

    <p>That layer is called an aquifer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the target of the World Food Summit, 1996, to reduce the number of undernourished people?

    <p>The target was to reduce the number of undernourished to just half by the year 2015.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    On the bank of which river was the Bhakra Nangal dam constructed?

    <p>The Bhakra Nangal dam was constructed on the Sutlej River.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which resource are Jharia, Raniganj, Singrauli, and Neyveli rich?

    <p>These areas are rich in coal resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is not a good aquifer?

    <p>Clay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is a strategic mineral?

    <p>Uranium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For what is traditional agriculture not responsible?

    <p>Environmental degradation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Gross primary productivity is highest in __________.

    <p>Gross primary productivity is highest in tropical rainforests.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the boreal forests?

    <p>The boreal forests are called taiga.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    From which plant are Vinblastine and Vincristine obtained?

    <p>Vinblastine and Vincristine are obtained from the periwinkle plant (Catharanthus roseus).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the poisoning due to which Itai-Itai disease is caused?

    <p>Itai-Itai disease is caused by cadmium poisoning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the tropical cyclones in the western tropics?

    <p>The tropical cyclones in the western tropics are called typhoons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two major components of the environment?

    <p>The two major components of the environment are biotic and abiotic components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Sustainable Development

    • Refers to development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
    • Aims to balance economic growth, social equity, and environmental protection.

    Environment

    • Refers to the surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates.
    • Encompasses all living and non-living things.
    • Includes physical, chemical, and biological components.
    • Aspects not considered in the environment: Individual thoughts and feelings

    Ecology

    • The study of the interactions between organisms and their environment.
    • It explores how organisms adapt, thrive, and interact within ecosystems.

    Photosynthesis

    • The process by which plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to create their own food (glucose) and release oxygen.
    • The primary gas used by plants for photosynthesis is carbon dioxide (CO2).

    Eco-Mark

    • India's voluntary eco-labeling scheme that promotes environmentally friendly products.
    • It aims to reduce environmental impact and encourage sustainable consumption.

    World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD)

    • Held in Johannesburg, South Africa, in 2002.
    • Focused on promoting sustainable development worldwide by addressing environmental concerns, poverty, and inequality.

    Environmental Studies

    • An interdisciplinary field that combines various disciplines like biology, chemistry, physics, geology, sociology, and economics.
    • Its goal is to understand environmental issues and find solutions for sustainable development and conservation.

    Chipko Movement

    • A non-violent movement in India led by Sunderlal Bahuguna.
    • Focused on protecting trees and forests against deforestation.
    • The movement is known for its tactic of hugging trees to prevent their felling.

    Environmental Awareness

    • School and college students can engage in activities promoting environmental awareness through:
      • Planting trees and creating green spaces.
      • Promoting recycling and waste reduction.
      • Participating in environmental projects and awareness campaigns.
      • Educating themselves and others about environmental issues.

    Organisms and their Roles

    • Non-Scavenger: An organism that does not feed on dead organisms or their waste.

      • Example: Primary producers, like plants, that create their own food through photosynthesis.

    • Scavengers: Organisms that feed on dead organisms and their waste.

      • Example: Vultures, hyenas, and some insects.

    • Food Chain: The sequential flow of energy and nutrients in an ecosystem.

      • Demonstrates who eats whom in a particular environment.

    Tropical Grassland Ecosystems

    • Savanna: A tropical grassland ecosystem in Africa with scattered trees and tall grasses.
    • Its diverse landscape provides habitats for a wide range of species.

    Nutrients and Water Bodies

    • Eutrophic Lakes: Lakes with high nutrient concentrations, leading to excessive aquatic plant growth and potential water quality problems.
    • Oligotrophic Lakes: Lakes with low nutrient concentrations, characterized by clear waters and limited plant life.

    Soil Conservation

    • Terracing: A soil conservation measure practiced on sloping land.
    • It involves creating a series of steps or terraces to slow down water runoff, reduce soil erosion, and improve water retention.

    Minerals and Resources

    • Strategic Minerals: Minerals that are vital for national security and various industries.
      • Example: Bauxite, manganese, Uranium.
    • Aquifers: Permeable layers of rock or sediment that contain groundwater.
      • Good Aquifers: Layers with high permeability and storativity, allowing for efficient water flow and storage.
      • Poor Aquifers: Layers with limited permeability or storativity, resulting in slow water flow and reduced water availability.

    Dam Projects

    • Tehri Dam: Constructed on the Bhagirathi River in Uttarakhand, India.
    • Bhakra Nangal Dam: Constructed on the Sutlej River in Himachal Pradesh, India.

    Environmental Issues

    • Desertification: The degradation of land in arid, semi-arid, and dry sub-humid areas due to various factors like climate change, overgrazing, and deforestation.
    • Nitrification: The conversion of ammonia (NH3) to nitrate (NO3-) by specific bacteria in soil, contributing to nutrient cycling and plant growth.

    Pollution and Disease

    • Itai-Itai Disease: A severe bone disease caused by cadmium poisoning, primarily through contaminated rice.

    Climate

    • Tropical Cyclones: Intense weather systems that form over warm tropical waters.
      • Western Tropics: Cyclones in this region are often referred to as Hurricanes.

    Energy

    • Nuclear energy: Energy generated through nuclear fission reactions, involving the splitting of heavy atoms like uranium.
    • Wind Energy: Energy harnessed from the movement of wind using wind turbines.
      • China is the world's largest producer of wind energy.

    Biofuels

    • Biofuel: Fuel derived from organic matter, like plants or waste materials.
      • Used as an alternative to fossil fuels to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote sustainable energy resources.

    Miscellaneous

    • Orestaon: A forest, a woodland area characterized by the presence of trees and other plant and animal life.
    • Natural Gas: Primarily composed of methane (CH4), a colorless and odorless gas.
    • Soil Science (Pedology): The study of soil formation, properties, classification, and management.
    • Vetiver (Khus Khus) Grass Technology: An effective method for soil erosion control, particularly in areas prone to landslides and soil degradation.

    World Food Summit

    • Targeted to reduce the number of undernourished people to just half by the year 2015.

    Gross Primary Productivity

    • Highest in tropical rainforests due to their high levels of sunlight, warmth, and rainfall.
    • These conditions support a large amount of plant growth and productivity.

    Boreal Forests

    • Also known as Taiga, they are the largest terrestrial biome in the world.
    • Found across northern latitudes with cold climates, long winters, and short growing seasons.

    Medicinal Plants

    • Vinblastine and Vincristine are anti-cancer drugs obtained from the Madagascar Periwinkle plant (Catharanthus roseus).

    Other

    • Jaduguda: In Jharkhand, India, is known for its uranium deposits.
    • Sardar Sarovar Dam: Controversial project on the Narmada River in India.

    River Systems

    • Raniganj, Jharia, and Singrauli: Known for their rich coal resources in India.
    • Neyveli: Known for its lignite coal reserves in Tamil Nadu, India.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on sustainable development, ecology, and the environment with this quiz. Explore key concepts such as photosynthesis and eco-labeling. Understand the balance between economic growth, social equity, and environmental protection.

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