Surgical Systems: End Effector Location and Trajectory

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Questions and Answers

What are some of the general requirements for medical position sensors?

  • Update rate, patient safety, accuracy, and number of targets simultaneously trackable (correct)
  • Accuracy, form factors, patient nationality, and working envelope
  • Working envelope, biocompatibility, update frequency, and patient safety
  • Working envelope, degrees of freedom (DOF), electrical interference, and biocompatibility

Which of the following is not considered a requirement for surgical position sensors?

  • Weight of tracking targets
  • Line-of-sight problems (correct)
  • Update rate
  • Biocompatibility issues

What dimensions are usually necessary to determine the position of a tracked device?

  • 5 degrees of freedom (5 DOF)
  • 2 degrees of freedom (2 DOF)
  • 3 degrees of freedom (3 DOF) (correct)
  • 6 degrees of freedom (6 DOF)

What range of tip measurement is usually required for surgical devices?

<p>1–2 mm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it possible for the positional accuracy requirement to be overspecified in some cases?

<p>Anatomical changes and patient movement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential tolerance range for raw errors in specialized applications like electrophysiological mapping?

<p>Several millimeters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a fundamental requirement of all surgical systems?

<p>To know the location and trajectory of the end effector (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In surgical robotic systems, how can the location and trajectory of the end effector be determined?

<p>Either through encoders on the joints of the robot or an external measurement device (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has been used in the field of metrology?

<p>Several types of position sensors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of some position sensors used in medical devices?

<p>Some are proprietary devices developed by individual manufacturers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a type of position sensor used in IGI systems?

<p>X-ray technology (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common application of position sensors?

<p>Image-guided intervention and related fields (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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