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Surgical Systems: End Effector Location and Trajectory

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Surgical Systems: End Effector Location and Trajectory

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Questions and Answers

What are some of the general requirements for medical position sensors?

Update rate, patient safety, accuracy, and number of targets simultaneously trackable (correct)

Accuracy, form factors, patient nationality, and working envelope

Working envelope, biocompatibility, update frequency, and patient safety

Working envelope, degrees of freedom (DOF), electrical interference, and biocompatibility

Which of the following is not considered a requirement for surgical position sensors?

Weight of tracking targets

Line-of-sight problems (correct)

Update rate

Biocompatibility issues

What dimensions are usually necessary to determine the position of a tracked device?

5 degrees of freedom (5 DOF)

2 degrees of freedom (2 DOF)

3 degrees of freedom (3 DOF) (correct)

6 degrees of freedom (6 DOF)

What range of tip measurement is usually required for surgical devices?

1–2 mm Signup and view all the answers

Why is it possible for the positional accuracy requirement to be overspecified in some cases?

Anatomical changes and patient movement Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential tolerance range for raw errors in specialized applications like electrophysiological mapping?

Several millimeters Signup and view all the answers

What is a fundamental requirement of all surgical systems?

To know the location and trajectory of the end effector Signup and view all the answers

In surgical robotic systems, how can the location and trajectory of the end effector be determined?

Either through encoders on the joints of the robot or an external measurement device Signup and view all the answers

What has been used in the field of metrology?

Several types of position sensors Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of some position sensors used in medical devices?

Some are proprietary devices developed by individual manufacturers Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a type of position sensor used in IGI systems?

X-ray technology Signup and view all the answers

What is a common application of position sensors?

Image-guided intervention and related fields Signup and view all the answers