Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the terminating device in a laser-beam delivery system?
Which type of terminating device uses a micromanipulator?
What characteristic must the distal-end face of a quartz optical fiber have to ensure effective beam delivery?
What happens when the distal end of the quartz fiber contacts the target tissue while the laser is active?
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Which type of terminating device is specifically designed for direct contact with tissue?
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What is the ultimate solid end-product of the thermal breakdown of organic material caused by the laser?
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Which of the following is NOT a basic type of terminating device?
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What optical element is often used in the unadorned distal end of the delivery device?
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What occurs to the distal end of a laser fiber when continued irradiation happens?
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What is the purpose of the CO2 gas flow in the surgical handpiece?
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Which lasers are now associated with the focusing handpiece besides CO2 lasers?
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At what temperature does quartz melt into a misshapen blob due to continued irradiation?
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What is typically found at the distal end of the focusing handpiece?
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Which material is commonly used for the lens in a typical surgical handpiece?
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What happens to the laser fiber when it produces a misshapen blob at the distal end?
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What is the function of the small metal tube within the handpiece?
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Study Notes
Terminating Devices for Laser-Beam Delivery Systems
- Terminating devices are crucial for steering and focusing laser beams during surgical procedures.
- There are six basic types of terminating devices used in laser-beam delivery systems.
Types of Terminating Devices
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Unadorned Distal End:
- Uses a quartz optical fiber to deliver the laser beam directly to the target tissue.
- Distal face must be polished and perpendicular to ensure a symmetric, conically diverging beam.
- Contact with tissue can vaporize or coagulate it, resulting in carbon debris that absorbs laser light.
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Focusing Handpiece:
- Primarily used with CO2 lasers; now compatible with Er:YAG and Nd:YAG lasers.
- Available focal lengths include 75 mm, 125 mm, and 150 mm, affecting focal-spot diameters of approximately 0.17, 0.28, and 0.33 mm.
- Typically features a zinc selenide lens in an anodized aluminum housing, cooling system incorporated to prevent tissue debris accumulation.
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Micromanipulator:
- Designed to provide precise steering and focusing capabilities when connected to an articulated arm.
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Hand-held Light-Pipe Probe:
- A short probe with an optical coupler that connects to an articulated arm for delivery versatility.
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Attachable/Detachable Tissue-contacting Probe:
- Can be added or removed from the optical fiber, enabling flexible applications.
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Sculptured Quartz Fibers:
- Feature a specially contoured distal end to enhance contact and efficacy when targeting tissue.
Considerations in Usage
- Prolonged irradiation of tissue debris can lead to overheating, melting the quartz fiber into a non-functional shape.
- Regular maintenance, such as re-cleaving and re-polishing, may be necessary for optimal performance.
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Description
Explore the various types of terminating devices used in laser-beam delivery systems to focus and steer laser beams for surgical applications. Understand the functionality and design of devices such as optical fibers, focusing handpieces, and micromanipulators. This quiz will enhance your knowledge of laser technology in medical practices.
