Surgical Patient Care Quiz

Study Notes

Preoperative Phase

Diagnostic tests include lab profiles, chest X-rays, ECG, and pregnancy tests for females.
Educate clients about procedures, addressing fears and anxiety.
Anticoagulants, such as warfarin and aspirin, should be held 7 to 10 days prior to surgery.
Perform invasive procedures like IV placement and Foley catheter insertion.
Utilize an incentive spirometer for lung expansion.
Encourage turning, positioning, and early ambulation, including leg exercises.
Implement pain control methods with analgesics.
Provide information on routine and expected postoperative care.

Intraoperative Phase

Begins when the patient enters the surgical suite and ends upon transfer to the post-anesthesia care unit.
Focus areas for nursing include safety measures (fall prevention and airway management), client advocacy, and collaboration with the health team.

Universal Protocol

A safety initiative by the Joint Commission for surgical procedures.
Conduct a pre-procedure verification process to confirm the correct surgical plan.
Mark the procedure site with an "X" while the patient is awake for agreement on the surgical procedure.
Perform a "time out" before the procedure starts to ensure all team members are prepared and in agreement.

Collaborative Care

Involves perioperative nursing staff with distinct roles.
Holding area for pre-surgical preparation.
Circulator is responsible for non-sterile tasks, managing the surgical environment.
Scrub nurse maintains sterility during the procedure, handling instruments.
Specialty-specific roles exist, such as orthopedic or cardiac surgery teams.

Nursing Interventions

Implement nursing roles according to established perioperative standards.
Maintain a safe surgical environment and ensure strict aseptic techniques.
Use grounding devices to prevent electrocution and fire hazards.
Conduct accurate counts of sponges, needles, and instruments to prevent retention.
Position the client for optimal surgical access and safety.
Monitor for complications such as malignant hyperthermia.
Facilitate communication with the surgical team to enhance interprofessional collaboration.

Therapeutic Measures

Blood transfusions may be administered as needed.
Radiology may be utilized for imaging during surgery.
Biopsies and laboratory profiles are essential for diagnostic purposes.
Awareness of potential complications in the operating room is critical for patient safety.

Description

Test your knowledge on preoperative and intraoperative patient care procedures. This quiz covers essential aspects including diagnostic tests, medication management, client education, and postoperative care practices. Ensure you're well-prepared for effective surgical nursing.