Surgical Instruments Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of using ortho hardware with grafts during surgery?

To enhance blood flow to the area

To stabilize the grafts as they won't fuse on their own (correct)

To facilitate faster recovery for the patient

To reduce the need for surgical instruments

What is a critical nursing consideration when using powered surgical instruments?

Test the drill for operation before passing it to the surgeon (correct)

Keep the safety lock off for quick access

Ensure that instruments are cleaned and sterilized

Confirm that the drill is placed directly on the patient

Which surgical table is specifically designed for spinal surgery when the patient is prone?

Jackson Spinal Table (correct)

Fracture Table

Operating Room Table

C-Arm Table

Which of the following procedures typically requires the use of pneumatic tourniquets?

Internal Fixation Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum recommended inflation pressure for a pneumatic tourniquet on the thigh?

350 mmHg Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended maximum duration for inflating a pneumatic tourniquet on the lower extremity?

120 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What is a key function of the C-Arm in orthopedic surgeries?

To offer fluoroscopic imaging throughout the operation Signup and view all the answers

Which type of equipment must be properly secured to avoid contamination during surgery?

Powered surgical instruments Signup and view all the answers

Which virtue emphasizes the active regard for the best interests of the patient?

Compassion Signup and view all the answers

What does conscientiousness require from health care professionals?

To ensure the best actions are taken without bias Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the CNO ethical values implemented in perioperative nursing?

Autonomy of the provider Signup and view all the answers

In perioperative nursing, which aspect emphasizes the importance of understanding patient and family values?

Identifying goals and purpose of treatment Signup and view all the answers

What is crucial for ensuring safe patient care in perioperative nursing practice?

Collaboration with multidisciplinary team members Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for adding Barium Sulfate to the powder component of Bone Cement?

To make the cement radiopaque Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following procedures provides rigid fixation while allowing for soft tissue management?

External Fixation Signup and view all the answers

What specific documentation is vital for implants during surgery?

Implant information including Serial Number and Expiry date Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible result of excessive exposure to the fumes of the liquid component in Bone Cement?

Respiratory tract and eye irritation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of fracture surgery?

To restore anatomical function and alignment Signup and view all the answers

In what situation is an open fracture most likely to occur?

Severe trauma or accidents Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the scrub nurse in the context of handling prosthetics?

To visually inspect for defects Signup and view all the answers

Which option best describes the purpose of utilizing Bacitracin in orthopedic surgery?

To irrigate dirty or contaminated bone/tissue Signup and view all the answers

What precaution should be taken regarding the liquid component of Bone Cement in the operating room?

Ensure proper ventilation due to its flammability Signup and view all the answers

What benefits does Closed Reduction offer in fracture treatment?

Lower risk of infection and accelerated bone union Signup and view all the answers

What is a key advantage of using Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) for fractures?

It enables direct visualization and anatomic alignment of the fracture. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fracture is characterized by compromised blood supply and requires special consideration for internal fixation?

Femoral neck fracture Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary fixation method used for intertrochanteric fractures?

Dynamic Hip Screw (DHS) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a guide pin during the fixation process of hip fractures?

To create a channel for the lag screw and compression plate. Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario would Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) be considered for a hip fracture?

If the fracture involves nonunion risk with a compromised blood supply. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of wearing lead gowns for operating room personnel during the fixation procedures?

To protect against exposure to radiation during imaging. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding intertrochanteric fractures?

They are often related to osteoporosis in elderly women. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common surgical procedure done prior to the internal fixation of femoral neck fractures?

Reduction of the fracture Signup and view all the answers

Which fixation instrumentation is used for stable femoral neck fractures?

Cannulated screws (AO Technique) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes extracapsular fractures such as intertrochanteric fractures from intracapsular fractures?

Extracapsular fractures do not involve the joint. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for performing Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA)?

To replace worn surfaces due to arthritis Signup and view all the answers

What is the most commonly torn ligament in the knee?

Anterior cruciate ligament Signup and view all the answers

How is a meniscus tear primarily treated?

Through arthroscopic resection and repair Signup and view all the answers

Which component is usually involved in ACL repair?

Patellar tendon graft Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of menisci in the knee joint?

Distribute load and provide joint stability Signup and view all the answers

What is imperative to verify before opening the implant packages during knee prosthesis surgery?

The specific sided implant Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cavities is NOT part of the middle ear anatomy?

Cochlear duct Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes TKA implants for the knee?

They should allow preservation of some ligaments Signup and view all the answers

What hormone does the parathyroid gland secrete?

Parathyroid hormones (PTH) Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in the ear amplifies sound?

Ossicles Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Surgical Stabilization and Instruments

Grafts generally require stabilization with orthopedic hardware like wires and screws for effective healing.
Kerrison Rongeur: Used for grasping and resecting lamina bone.
Pituitary Rongeur: Designed for grasping and removing intervertebral discs.

Powered Surgical Instruments

Scrub and circulating nurses must ensure powered surgical instruments (drills) do not rest on patients or drapes to prevent accidental activation, which may lead to contamination.
Safety locks must be engaged when drills are not in use to avoid injury.
Correct drill cord and size should be confirmed before handing equipment to the surgeon.

Operating Room Equipment

Fracture Table: Used for femoral neck, femoral shaft, or tibial fixation procedures.
Jackson Spinal Table: Designed for prone patients undergoing spinal surgery; an emergency stretcher should be nearby.
C-Arm: Provides fluoroscopy during orthopedic procedures; must be operated by surgeon or x-ray tech while all personnel in OR wear lead gowns for protection.

Pneumatic Tourniquets

Employed in extremity surgeries; create bloodless fields, enhancing visibility.
Inflation pressures depend on systolic blood pressure, age, and extremity circumference; should not exceed 250-300 mmHg for arms and 300-350 mmHg for thighs.
Maximum safe inflation times are 60 minutes for upper limbs and 120 minutes for lower limbs; any extensions must be documented.

Bone Cement (PMMA)

Composed of a powder (10% Barium Sulfate) and a flammable liquid (methyl monomer), mixed in a closed system by scrub nurse.
PMMA impregnated with antibiotics helps reduce infection rates.
Safety precautions must be taken to prevent respiratory and eye tract irritation; proper ventilation is crucial.

Handling Prosthesis

Prosthetic devices require meticulous handling to prevent damage and contamination.
Each implant must be inspected for defects, rinsed if appropriate, and documented with details such as serial number and expiration date.

Fracture Surgery Overview

Fractures can result from trauma, infection, or bone diseases like osteoporosis; surgery aims to restore bone anatomy and function.
Closed Reduction: Involves manipulation without skin incisions, confirmed with radiography. Minimizes infection risk and recovery time.
External Fixation: Stabilizes severe open fractures without casts, allowing for management of soft tissue injuries.
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF): Used for complex fractures; involves skin incisions and placement of metal devices for stabilization.

Hip Fractures

Intertrochanteric Fractures: Common in elderly women; can be fixed with plates and screws.
Femoral Neck Fractures: Require attention to prevent complications like avascular necrosis; fixed using cannulated screws or via total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Knee Injuries and Surgery

Meniscal Tears: Common knee injuries requiring surgical repair to maintain stability and load distribution.
ACL Injuries: Frequently torn in active individuals; often require ligament replacement, typically using a patellar tendon graft.
Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA): A procedure to replace worn knee surfaces due to arthritis; aims for improved mobility and stability without needing lead gowns.

Perioperative Nursing Considerations

Emphasizes virtues such as compassion, discernment, trustworthiness, integrity, and conscientiousness in patient care.
Health care professionals must focus on patient values, treatment goals, and effective conflict resolution.
Ethical values in perioperative nursing include client well-being, privacy, and fairness, guiding daily practice and decision-making.

Perioperative Nurse Practice Standards

Incorporates knowledge from various disciplines for patient safety and partnership with multidisciplinary teams.
Utilizes the nursing process for informed clinical decision-making and professional accountability in patient care.

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Description

Test your knowledge on various surgical instruments, their identification, and purposes with this quiz. Learn about the different equipment used in bone surgeries, including powered surgical instruments and nursing considerations related to their use. This quiz is essential for aspiring and current healthcare professionals.