Surgical Asepsis and Infection Control Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What should be done with items that are dropped on the floor during a surgical procedure?

  • Store them for later use
  • Put them back in a sterile pack
  • Clean and reuse them
  • Consider them contaminated (correct)

    • How should sterile personnel pass each other to maintain the sterile field?

  • Crossing paths at an angle
  • Side by side
  • Turning to the side
  • Facing each other or back to back (correct)

    • Which of the following is considered unsterile?

  • The table level of a sterile setup
  • The sleeves of a sterile gown
  • The front of a sterile gown below the neck
  • The edges of a sterile instrument enclosure (correct)

    • Which action is NOT recommended when dealing with liquids during a surgical procedure?

    <p>Recapping the container after use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done with all opened supplies if a surgical case is canceled?

    <p>Discard them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should circulating persons interact with the sterile field?

    <p>Maintain a distance of at least 12 inches (30cm)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what condition can a sterile barrier be considered contaminated?

    <p>If it is permeated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of surgical site infections?

    <p>Bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of scheduling a case at the end of the day in a specific room?

    <p>To minimize the risk of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which classification describes a non-infected wound with no signs of inflammation?

    <p>Clean Wound (Class I)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be ensured after an OR surgery before the room can be used again?

    <p>A 1-hour vacancy period for air exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following surgeries is an example of a Clean Contaminated Wound (Class II)?

    <p>Bowel Case</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are surgical masks worn during patient transfer at the end of the day?

    <p>To minimize risks associated with airborne pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major characteristic of Clean Wounds (Class I)?

    <p>They involve closure with no entry into the respiratory tract.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following surgeries is not classified as a Clean Wound (Class I)?

    <p>Cholecystectomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main implication of proper wound classification?

    <p>Implementing appropriate infection control measures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the operating room environment in surgical procedures?

    <p>To prevent exposure and transmission of environmental contaminants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often should air exchange occur in the operating room?

    <p>Every 3 to 4 minutes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT a component of maintaining a sterile field during surgery?

    <p>Drapes must be permeable to allow air circulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if there is uncertainty about the sterility of an item?

    <p>The item must be discarded as unsterile.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the acceptable temperature range for the operating room?

    <p>20 – 23 degrees Celsius.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which infection requires airborne precautions?

    <p>Tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about peel packs is correct?

    <p>Peel packs must be opened carefully to avoid tearing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additional attire is necessary for infections requiring droplet precautions?

    <p>Gown, gloves, eye protection, mask</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To minimize the risk of surgical site infections (SSIs), which practice is essential for OR personnel?

    <p>Adhering to aseptic standards and principles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What practice should be followed after surgery in the operating room?

    <p>Terminal cleaning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be assessed for package integrity before using surgical items?

    <p>Chemical indicators and physical condition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following infections requires contact precautions?

    <p>MRSA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a standard procedure for managing a patient with tuberculosis?

    <p>Transfer to isolation room with a mask</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of croup, what type of precautions are necessary?

    <p>Droplet precautions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which viral infections mentioned require droplet precautions?

    <p>Mumps and Rubeolla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is important to ensure in the operating room after a patient with an infection has been treated?

    <p>Strict adherence to essential personnel only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes primary intention in wound healing?

    <p>Healing occurs without tissue loss.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of wound is classified as a Class IV wound?

    <p>Abscess drainage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a feature of secondary intention in wound healing?

    <p>Healing occurs from the inside out.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is third intention also known as delayed primary closure applicable?

    <p>When the wound may require debridement after several days.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates a Class III contaminated wound?

    <p>Penetrating trauma involving bowel perforation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scenarios is least likely to result in extensive scar tissue?

    <p>Wound closed by primar intention.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'major breaks in aseptic technique' refer to?

    <p>Nonsterile supply or instrument use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is primarily used for healing infected or perforated wounds?

    <p>Secondary intention.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Surgical Asepsis and Infection Control

    • The operating room (OR) is designed to prevent contamination and maintain the integrity of surgical supplies.
    • Adherence to aseptic standards is crucial to minimize the risk of surgical site infections (SSIs) and achieve optimal patient outcomes.

    Aseptic Environment

    • Keep OR doors closed to limit exposure to contaminants.
    • Maintain positive pressure air exchange, typically 20 exchanges per hour.
    • Temperature must be between 20-23°C, with humidity between 30-60%.
    • Minimize traffic in and out of the OR.

    Establishing the Sterile Field

    • Ensure surfaces are dry and dust-free before unpacking sterile items.
    • Use impermeable drapes to establish a sterile barrier.
    • Sterile working surfaces are only considered sterile at table level.

    Sterile Setup Practices

    • Open items only when needed; assess package integrity before use.
    • Observe expiry dates on sterile items and handle peel packs carefully.
    • Avoid flipping supplies; consider any items dropped or damaged as contaminated.
    • Maintain a sterile boundary by ensuring sterile personnel communicate and navigate without contaminating the sterile field.
    • Discard opened supplies if a case is canceled while the patient is present.

    Maintaining the Sterile Field

    • Unattended sterile setups are at risk and should be monitored continuously.
    • Any sterile barrier that becomes compromised is considered contaminated.
    • Sterile gowns are only sterile from 2 inches below the neckline to table level; backs and edges are unsterile.
    • Movements must be controlled to avoid contaminating the sterile area.

    Microbiology and Infection Prevention

    • Microorganisms including bacteria, fungi, and viruses can cause surgical site infections.
    • MRSA and C. difficile are common pathogens associated with surgical infections.
    • Implement additional precautions based on transmission routes: contact, droplet, and airborne.

    Wound Classifications

    • Clean Wounds (Class I): Non-infected with no inflammation.

      • Examples include hernia repair and total joint replacements.

    • Clean Contaminated Wounds (Class II): Entered respiratory, alimentary, or genitourinary tracts without infection.

      • Examples include bowel surgeries and cholecystectomies.

    • Contaminated Wounds (Class III): Open fresh wounds or those with major breaks in aseptic technique.

      • Examples include penetrating trauma or bowel perforations.

    • Dirty/Infected Wounds (Class IV): Pre-existing infections or wounds with gross contamination.

      • Examples include abscess drainage.

    Wound Healing Processes

    • Primary Intention: Quick closure of an aseptic wound, with minimal drainage.
    • Secondary Intention: Healing through granulation with the wound left open, requiring cleaning and packing.
    • Third Intention: Delayed closure of a wound that may require debridement and secondary sutures after several days.

    Best Practices for Infection Control

    • Follow ORNAC standards for comprehensive infection prevention.
    • Utilize terminal cleaning protocols after surgery to ensure a sterile environment for the next procedure.
    • Schedule higher-risk cases at the end of the day and allow ample time for air exchange before the next surgery.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on surgical asepsis and infection control as outlined in Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery and ORNAC Standards. This quiz will cover key concepts regarding the operating room environment and best practices for preventing infections. Enhance your understanding and ensure you are prepared for surgical settings.

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