40 Questions
What is a symptom of allergic rhinitis?
Tearing and soreness of the eyes
What is a characteristic of asthma?
Recurring symptoms, airway obstruction, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness
What is associated with asthma episodes?
Reversible airflow limitation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness
Why is it important to obtain information regarding clinical signs of related disorders?
To identify middle ear disease and other related disorders
What is a possible complication of asthma?
Exercise intolerance and wheezing
What is a symptom of asthma?
Wheezing, breathlessness, and chest tightness
What can cause recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, and cough?
Inflammation in susceptible children
Upon auscultation, what may be heard in the lung fields of an asthma patient?
Wheezing upon auscultation
What is the primary use of synovectomy in children with arthritis?
When all other therapy has been unsuccessful
What is the effect of histamine on local receptors?
It produces vasodilation
What is the result of the cytokines in the late-phase allergic reaction?
Chronic nasal obstruction
What is the time frame for the late-phase allergic reaction?
4 to 8 hours after antigen exposure
What is the goal of nursing care management in children with JIA?
Assessment of their general health and the status of involved joints
What is the alternative to synovectomy in case of synovitis?
Intraarticular steroid injection
What is the effect of prostaglandins released by mast cells?
Vasodilation
Who is joint replacement suitable for?
Older children who are fully grown
What is the estimated time required for the procedure?
15-30 minutes
What is the purpose of the doctor grasping the node between thumb and forefinger?
To insert the needle directly into the node
What is the name of the diagnostic evaluation that examines the vessels of the lymphatic system?
X-ray examination
What is the name of the chemotherapeutic medication that includes doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine?
ABVD
What is a possible complication of needle biopsy?
Bleeding of the side
What is the purpose of the doctor inserting the needle into the node?
To aspirate the sample
What is the name of the chemotherapeutic medication that includes cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone?
CHOP
What is the doctor's role in the procedure?
Inserting the needle into the node and aspirating the sample
Where does digestion start?
Mouth
What is a common symptom of Hirschsprung disease?
Failure to pass meconium within the first 48 hours
What is the purpose of a Barium Enema?
To check where the constriction is happening in the gastrointestinal tract
How many parts is the small intestine divided into?
3
What is a characteristic of the stool in Hirschsprung disease?
Ribbon-like and foul smelling
Where does major absorption occur?
Small intestine
What is a common diagnostic tool used in Hirschsprung disease?
Barium Enema
What is a symptom of Hirschsprung disease?
Abdominal distention
What is the primary goal of managing pruritus in atopic dermatitis?
To prevent secondary infection and new lesions
Which antihistamine is preferred for daytime pruritus relief?
Loratadine
What is the most common malignant renal and intra-abdominal tumor of childhood?
Wilms' tumor
What is a common clinical manifestation of Wilm's tumor?
Non-tender, painless swelling or mass in the abdomen
Why is it essential to assess the family's feelings and methods of coping?
To develop a nursing care plan that addresses the family's needs
What is the significance of exploring the child's behavior, especially in relation to scratching?
To develop a plan to manage the child's pruritus
What is the purpose of examining the skin lesions?
To assess the type, distribution, and evidence of secondary infection
Why is a family history important in the assessment of atopic dermatitis?
To identify evidence of atopy
Study Notes
Synovectomy
- Used primarily in pauciarticular disease when all other therapy has been unsuccessful
- Alternative to synovectomy: intraarticular steroid injection, may be tried once or twice before surgery
- Joint replacement is proving to be successful in older children who are fully grown
Allergic Rhinitis
- Characterized by: rapid release of mast cell mediators (e.g., histamine, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes)
- Histamine acts directly on local receptors to produce vasodilation, mucosal edema, and increased production of mucus
- Cytokines summon cells to the area, responsible for slower late-phase allergic reaction of inflammation and destruction of the mucosal surface
Asthma
- Chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways
- Characterized by recurring symptoms, airway obstruction, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness
- In susceptible children, inflammation causes recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and cough
- Episodes are associated with airflow limitation or obstruction that is reversible either spontaneously or with treatment
Wilm's Tumor (Nephroblastoma)
- Most common intraabdominal and kidney tumor of childhood
- Malignant tumor in the kidney
- Clinical manifestations: swelling or mass within the abdomen, firm, non-tender, and confined
- Other symptoms: secondary anemia, weight loss, and hypertension
Nursing Care Management
- Assessment of general health and status of involved joints
- Emotional responses to ramifications of the disease
- Important to obtain information regarding clinical signs of related disorders
Cellular Aberrations
- Needle biopsy: insertion of a needle directly to the node and aspirate whatever can be aspirated, sent to the lab for diagnosis
- Usual complications: bleeding of the side, possible infection
Diagnostic Evaluation
- X-ray examination of the vessels of the lymphatic system
- Fluoroscopy of the lymphatic vessels
- Barium Enema: injecting barium contrast and taking a series of x-rays in the abdomen to check for constriction and gastrointestinal tract issues
Hirschsprung Disease
- Failure to pass meconium within the first 48 hours
- Ribbon-like, foul-smelling stools
- Abdominal distention
- Vomiting
- Constipation
This quiz covers the benefits and uses of synovectomy, a surgical procedure, in treating arthritis patients, particularly children. It also explores the role of IgE molecules in triggering mast cell mediators.
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