Surface Anatomy of the Neck
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Questions and Answers

Which nerve innervates the Carotid Sinus?

  • Vagus nerve
  • Brachial plexus
  • Glossopharyngeal nerve (correct)
  • Phrenic nerve

    • What does the Carotid Sinus react to?

  • Change in oxygen saturation
  • Change in venous blood pressure
  • Change in arterial blood pressure (correct)
  • Change in carbon dioxide levels

    • What does the Carotid Body monitor?

  • Partial pressure of O2
  • Blood glucose levels
  • Partial pressure of CO2 (correct)
  • pH levels

    • Which artery is covered by the carotid sheath?

    <p>Internal Carotid Artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vein drains the skull and cranial cavity?

    <p>Dural venous sinuses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vein is within the carotid sheath?

    <p>Internal jugular vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vein drains intracranial structures and superficial parts of the face and neck?

    <p>Internal jugular vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the Internal Jugular Vein initially located relative to the internal carotid artery?

    <p>Posterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a potential space in the neck?

    <p>Alar fascia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a border of the posterior triangle of the neck?

    <p>Inferior border of Mandible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone forms the largest cartilage of the laryngeal skeleton?

    <p>Thyroid cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is the largest branch of the arch of aorta?

    <p>Brachiocephalic trunk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery passes Rib 1 on its way to the upper limb?

    <p>Thyrocervical trunk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what level does the carotid bifurcation occur?

    <p>C3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these is NOT a learning outcome of the lecture on surface anatomy of the neck?

    <p>Describe the form and position of the common and internal carotid arteries and the internal jugular vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a recommended reading for the lecture on surface anatomy of the neck?

    <p>Netter's Atlas of Human Anatomy 7th Edition, 2018 © Elsevier Inc.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a topic covered in the lecture on surface anatomy of the neck?

    <p>Thoracic Wall 1&amp;2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a component of the neck's general structure?

    <p>Horizontal layers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a boundary of the anterior triangle of the neck?

    <p>Clavicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a vessel discussed in the lecture on surface anatomy of the neck?

    <p>Vertebral artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors affect drug distribution?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of drug distribution?

    <p>To move drugs to/from blood and tissues of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ has the highest relative organ perfusion?

    <p>Heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the predominate plasma binding protein for drugs?

    <p>Albumin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drugs are highly soluble in aqueous, polar media?

    <p>Hydrophilic drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the ionised:unionised ratio of a drug depend on?

    <p>pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drugs have low lipid solubility and will not diffuse across cell membranes?

    <p>Ionised drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of diffusion occurs in capillaries with small gaps between endothelial cells?

    <p>Continuous diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the blood-brain barrier?

    <p>To protect the brain from harmful substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Can the ability of drugs to pass through the blood-brain barrier be influenced by disease states?

    <p>Yes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these factors does NOT affect drug distribution?

    <p>Drug solubility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the theoretical volume required to account for the amount of drug in the body called?

    <p>Volume of distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which model of drug distribution assumes rapid mixing of drug in plasma and rapid equilibrium with drug in extravascular tissues?

    <p>Single compartment model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a clinical relevance of volume of distribution?

    <p>Height</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What formula can be used to calculate the total amount of drug in the body?

    <p>A = C x Vd</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key factor for determining a drug's half-life?

    <p>Volume of distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a property that can dictate how a drug can distribute?

    <p>Drug administration route</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the apparent volume of distribution (Vd) of a drug represent?

    <p>Total amount of drug in the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the time taken to reach steady state concentration (Css) of a drug depend on?

    <p>Drug half-life (t1/2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for elimination half-life (t1/2) of a drug?

    <p>t1/2 = ln2 x Vd / CL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an antihypertensive therapeutic mentioned in the text?

    <p>b1-adrenoceptor antagonists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended method for diagnosing hypertension according to the text?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antihypertensive therapeutic is associated with the side effect of persistent dry cough?

    <p>ACE inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antihypertensive therapeutic is associated with the side effect of ankle edema?

    <p>Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antihypertensive therapeutic is associated with the side effect of dizziness?

    <p>Diuretics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antihypertensive therapeutic is associated with the side effect of headaches?

    <p>Calcium channel blockers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antihypertensive therapeutic is associated with the side effect of flushes?

    <p>Calcium channel blockers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antihypertensive therapeutic is associated with the side effect of back/leg pain?

    <p>Diuretics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antihypertensive therapeutic is associated with the side effect of hyperkalemia?

    <p>ACE inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antihypertensive therapeutic is associated with the side effect of gout?

    <p>Diuretics</p> Signup and view all the answers

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