19 Questions
Which surface of the heart is formed by the left atrium?
Posterior
Where is the aortic valve located in relation to the sternum?
Just below and to the right of the pulmonary valve on the left side of the middle third of the sternum
Which cardiac valve is located near to the left third costal cartilage?
Pulmonary valve
In its typical anatomical orientation, which direction does the apex of the heart point?
Anterior-inferior
Which surfaces are formed by different internal divisions of the heart?
Anterior, Posterior, Inferior, Right pulmonary, Left pulmonary
Where is the tricuspid valve located in relation to the sternum?
Median plane in the inferior third of the sternal body; opposite the fourth costal cartilage
What are the surface landmarks used to locate the pulmonary valve?
Junction of superior and middle thirds of body of sternum and slightly to the left side; near to left third costal cartilage
What is significant about the surface markings of cardiac valves in relation to auscultation sites?
They are not at the same locations as the preferred sites of auscultation of murmurs emanating from them
Which part of the cardiac anatomy has been described as an upside down pyramid with its apex pointing in an anterior-inferior direction?
Heart
Where does the transverse pericardial sinus lie in relation to the heart's structures?
Posterior to the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk
What represents the wall dividing the atria from the ventricles?
Coronary sulcus
Which chamber of the heart is posteriorly related to the oblique pericardial sinus?
Left atrium
Where is the right ventricle located in relation to the borders of the heart?
Inferior border
Which structure is found superiorly on the heart and can be used in coronary artery bypass grafting?
Transverse pericardial sinus
What represents the wall separating the ventricles in the heart?
Interventricular septum
Which vessels does the transverse pericardial sinus separate?
Arterial vessels and venous vessels
Which of the following represents the wall dividing the atria from the ventricles?
Coronary sulcus
Where is the transverse pericardial sinus located in relation to the heart's structures?
Posterior to the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk
What is the significance of the oblique pericardial sinus in relation to coronary artery bypass grafting?
It can be used to identify and tie off the arteries of the heart
Learn about the surface anatomy of the heart and its orientation. Understand the different surfaces formed by internal divisions of the heart, including the anterior, posterior, inferior, and right pulmonary surfaces.
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