Podcast
Questions and Answers
______ mycoses involve the hair, skin, or nails, infecting keratinized tissues without direct invasion of deeper tissues.
______ mycoses involve the hair, skin, or nails, infecting keratinized tissues without direct invasion of deeper tissues.
Opportunistic
______ is a type of opportunistic mycoses that can affect the skin, mucosa, or nails.
______ is a type of opportunistic mycoses that can affect the skin, mucosa, or nails.
Candidiasis
Tinea nigra, pityriasis versicolor, and piedra are all examples of ______ mycoses.
Tinea nigra, pityriasis versicolor, and piedra are all examples of ______ mycoses.
opportunistic
Unlike subcutaneous mycoses, opportunistic mycoses typically show ______ invasion of deeper tissues.
Unlike subcutaneous mycoses, opportunistic mycoses typically show ______ invasion of deeper tissues.
Fungal infections classified as ______ mycoses specifically target the outermost layer of skin or hair.
Fungal infections classified as ______ mycoses specifically target the outermost layer of skin or hair.
Most fungi are more resistant to ______ than bacteria, allowing them to thrive in environments with high sugar or salt concentrations.
Most fungi are more resistant to ______ than bacteria, allowing them to thrive in environments with high sugar or salt concentrations.
Unlike bacteria, the cell membranes of fungi contain ______, which influences membrane fluidity and permeability.
Unlike bacteria, the cell membranes of fungi contain ______, which influences membrane fluidity and permeability.
Fungi and bacteria differ in their cell wall composition; fungi contain glucans, mannans, and ______, providing structural support, whereas bacteria have peptidoglycan.
Fungi and bacteria differ in their cell wall composition; fungi contain glucans, mannans, and ______, providing structural support, whereas bacteria have peptidoglycan.
The ability of fungi to exist in either mycelial or yeast forms is known as ______, allowing them to adapt to various environmental conditions and host niches.
The ability of fungi to exist in either mycelial or yeast forms is known as ______, allowing them to adapt to various environmental conditions and host niches.
Fungi can typically grow in more ______ conditions than bacteria, which prefer more neutral conditions.
Fungi can typically grow in more ______ conditions than bacteria, which prefer more neutral conditions.
While most yeasts are facultative anaerobes, almost all ______ are obligate aerobes, requiring oxygen for growth.
While most yeasts are facultative anaerobes, almost all ______ are obligate aerobes, requiring oxygen for growth.
The capacity of fungi to reproduce via ______ facilitates their dispersal and survival in diverse environments, which differs from bacterial spore function.
The capacity of fungi to reproduce via ______ facilitates their dispersal and survival in diverse environments, which differs from bacterial spore function.
Unlike bacteria, fungi possess cellular organelles such as ______, which are crucial for energy production through aerobic respiration.
Unlike bacteria, fungi possess cellular organelles such as ______, which are crucial for energy production through aerobic respiration.
The urease test is used to differentiate Trichophyton mentagrophytes (+), from _Trichophyton _______ (-).
The urease test is used to differentiate Trichophyton mentagrophytes (+), from _Trichophyton _______ (-).
The single most useful nutritional test for dermatophytes assesses the ______ requirement of the fungi.
The single most useful nutritional test for dermatophytes assesses the ______ requirement of the fungi.
In the thiamine requirement test, tubes of media with and ________ thiamine are inoculated to observe growth differences.
In the thiamine requirement test, tubes of media with and ________ thiamine are inoculated to observe growth differences.
For the thiamine requirement test, the inoculated tubes are typically observed for growth after 10 to ______ days.
For the thiamine requirement test, the inoculated tubes are typically observed for growth after 10 to ______ days.
The urease test utilizes Christensen ______ Agar as the required media.
The urease test utilizes Christensen ______ Agar as the required media.
The urease test is incubated for 5 days at ______ temperature.
The urease test is incubated for 5 days at ______ temperature.
In the thiamine requirement test, a tiny, medium-______ portion of the colony is used for inoculation.
In the thiamine requirement test, a tiny, medium-______ portion of the colony is used for inoculation.
Tests for the identification of molds include the urease test and the ______ requirement test.
Tests for the identification of molds include the urease test and the ______ requirement test.
To inhibit bacterial growth in fungal culture media, common antimicrobials such as ______ and chloramphenicol are often used.
To inhibit bacterial growth in fungal culture media, common antimicrobials such as ______ and chloramphenicol are often used.
[Blank] is an antimicrobial agent added to fungal culture media to inhibit the growth of many environmental fungi often considered contaminants.
[Blank] is an antimicrobial agent added to fungal culture media to inhibit the growth of many environmental fungi often considered contaminants.
Sabouraud dextrose agar, potato dextrose agar and BHI agar enriched with blood are the examples of general purpose ______ growth medium.
Sabouraud dextrose agar, potato dextrose agar and BHI agar enriched with blood are the examples of general purpose ______ growth medium.
When dimorphic fungi are suspected, cultures should be incubated at 35°C, in addition to the usual 25°C-30°C, to induce the ______ phase.
When dimorphic fungi are suspected, cultures should be incubated at 35°C, in addition to the usual 25°C-30°C, to induce the ______ phase.
Fungal cultures are typically incubated for 21 to 30 days and examined at least twice weekly to monitor ______ and detect slow-growing species.
Fungal cultures are typically incubated for 21 to 30 days and examined at least twice weekly to monitor ______ and detect slow-growing species.
Maintaining 40% to 50% ______ in the incubator, often achieved with an open pan of water, prevents the culture media from drying out.
Maintaining 40% to 50% ______ in the incubator, often achieved with an open pan of water, prevents the culture media from drying out.
Macroscopic examination of fungal cultures involves assessing gross morphologic traits such as color, texture, and ______.
Macroscopic examination of fungal cultures involves assessing gross morphologic traits such as color, texture, and ______.
Observing pigment on the reverse side of the colony or in the aerial ______ is an important aspect of macroscopic fungal culture examination.
Observing pigment on the reverse side of the colony or in the aerial ______ is an important aspect of macroscopic fungal culture examination.
For germ tube production, _Candida _______ requires the use of serum or plasma.
For germ tube production, _Candida _______ requires the use of serum or plasma.
To detect the presence of yeast in mouth, throat, or vaginal specimens, a ______ is performed.
To detect the presence of yeast in mouth, throat, or vaginal specimens, a ______ is performed.
In a germ tube test, true germ tubes are identified by the lack of ______ at their bases.
In a germ tube test, true germ tubes are identified by the lack of ______ at their bases.
_Candida _______ is known for producing constricted germ tubes rather than true germ tubes.
_Candida _______ is known for producing constricted germ tubes rather than true germ tubes.
A ______ is utilized when fungi are atypical or an uncommon species is suspected.
A ______ is utilized when fungi are atypical or an uncommon species is suspected.
In carbohydrate utilization tests, yeast and yeast-like fungi are inoculated onto a ______-free medium.
In carbohydrate utilization tests, yeast and yeast-like fungi are inoculated onto a ______-free medium.
When examining fungal specimens microscopically, one must observe whether the hyphae are septate versus ______ septate.
When examining fungal specimens microscopically, one must observe whether the hyphae are septate versus ______ septate.
The API 20C yeast ID system is the most ______ used method for carbohydrate assimilation testing.
The API 20C yeast ID system is the most ______ used method for carbohydrate assimilation testing.
The color of hyphae, whether ______ or phaeoid, is an important characteristic to note during microscopic examination of fungi.
The color of hyphae, whether ______ or phaeoid, is an important characteristic to note during microscopic examination of fungi.
______ substrates are used in yeast identification to differentiate species based on different colony colors.
______ substrates are used in yeast identification to differentiate species based on different colony colors.
The types, size, shape, and ______ of conidia are important features to observe when examining a fungal specimen microscopically.
The types, size, shape, and ______ of conidia are important features to observe when examining a fungal specimen microscopically.
For temperature studies, Cryptococcus spp. has an optimal temperature for growth at ______ °C, while C. albicans grows at 42° C.
For temperature studies, Cryptococcus spp. has an optimal temperature for growth at ______ °C, while C. albicans grows at 42° C.
For specimens from respiratory, bone marrow, and blood sources, especially if a dimorphic fungus is suspected, incubation may be extended to ______ days.
For specimens from respiratory, bone marrow, and blood sources, especially if a dimorphic fungus is suspected, incubation may be extended to ______ days.
For detecting fungal pathogens in tissues and sterile body fluids other than blood, an incubation period of ______ days is typically used.
For detecting fungal pathogens in tissues and sterile body fluids other than blood, an incubation period of ______ days is typically used.
In testing for germ tube production, after the substrate is inoculated, it is incubated at 35° C for ______ hours.
In testing for germ tube production, after the substrate is inoculated, it is incubated at 35° C for ______ hours.
In the ______ method, a solution is applied to the specimen to clear epidermal cells, allowing for better visualization of fungal elements.
In the ______ method, a solution is applied to the specimen to clear epidermal cells, allowing for better visualization of fungal elements.
Flashcards
Opportunistic Mycoses
Opportunistic Mycoses
Fungal infections caused by organisms that typically don't affect healthy individuals.
Superficial Mycoses
Superficial Mycoses
A fungal infection affecting the outermost layer of skin or hair.
Candidiasis
Candidiasis
A superficial fungal infection affecting skin, mucosa, or nails, often caused by Candida species.
Tinea Nigra
Tinea Nigra
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Pityriasis Versicolor
Pityriasis Versicolor
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Fungi vs. Antibiotics
Fungi vs. Antibiotics
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Mold's Oxygen Need
Mold's Oxygen Need
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Yeast's Oxygen Flexibility
Yeast's Oxygen Flexibility
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Fungi's Osmotic Resistance
Fungi's Osmotic Resistance
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Fungi's Moisture Tolerance
Fungi's Moisture Tolerance
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Fungi Nucleus
Fungi Nucleus
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Fungi Mitochondria
Fungi Mitochondria
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Fungi Growth pH
Fungi Growth pH
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Sabouraud Dextrose Agar
Sabouraud Dextrose Agar
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Antimicrobial Agents in Media
Antimicrobial Agents in Media
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Gentamicin and Chloramphenicol
Gentamicin and Chloramphenicol
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Cycloheximide
Cycloheximide
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Fungal Incubation Temperature
Fungal Incubation Temperature
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Incubation Temp for Dimorphic Fungi
Incubation Temp for Dimorphic Fungi
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Humidity for Fungal Incubation
Humidity for Fungal Incubation
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Macroscopic Fungal Traits
Macroscopic Fungal Traits
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Tease Mount/Cellophane Tape Prep
Tease Mount/Cellophane Tape Prep
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Microscopic Exam (21 Days)
Microscopic Exam (21 Days)
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Microscopic Exam (28 Days)
Microscopic Exam (28 Days)
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Direct Mounting
Direct Mounting
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Slide Culture
Slide Culture
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Septate Hyphae
Septate Hyphae
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Hyaline Hyphae
Hyaline Hyphae
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10-20% KOH
10-20% KOH
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Mold Identification Tests
Mold Identification Tests
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Urease Test
Urease Test
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Urease Test Media
Urease Test Media
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Urease Test Incubation
Urease Test Incubation
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Thiamine Requirement Test
Thiamine Requirement Test
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Thiamine Test Setup
Thiamine Test Setup
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Thiamine Test Duration
Thiamine Test Duration
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Germ Tube Test
Germ Tube Test
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True Germ Tubes
True Germ Tubes
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Pseudo-Germ Tubes
Pseudo-Germ Tubes
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Carbohydrate Assimilation Test
Carbohydrate Assimilation Test
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API 20C Yeast ID System
API 20C Yeast ID System
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Chromogenic Substrates
Chromogenic Substrates
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CHROMagar Candida
CHROMagar Candida
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Temperature Studies (Yeast ID)
Temperature Studies (Yeast ID)
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