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Sumerian Civilization Overview

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following was NOT a main god in Sumerian belief?

Fresh Water

Wind

Sun (correct)

Sky

The Sumerians were known for their monotheistic beliefs, meaning they believed in one god.

False (B)

What were the two major inventions credited to the Sumerians?

The plow and the wheel.

Sumerian society was divided into ______ social classes.

<p>three</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the Sumerian social class with its description:

<p>Upper Class = King, priests, landowners, government officials, and merchants In-between Class = Free people (farmers, artisans) Lower Class = Slaves (often prisoners of war)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Sumerian Civilization

Religion: The Sumerians believed in polytheism (many gods), not just one god. They believed four main gods (sky, foothills/mountains, fresh water, wind) controlled the world. Each god had a priest who could influence the god to help the city.
New Leadership: As Sumer became wealthy, they faced attacks. They chose a strong warrior to protect them, eventually naming him "King".
Social Classes: Sumerian society had three social classes: upper (king, priests, landowners, officials, merchants), middle (free people - farmers, craftsmen), and lower (slaves). Slaves were often prisoners of war, and some women could gain freedom.
Technology: Sumerians invented the wheel, plow, and potter's wheel. Plows used digging sticks and animal power, and the wheel revolutionized transportation of goods. The potter's wheel helped in pottery making.

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Description

Explore the fascinating aspects of the Sumerian civilization, including their polytheistic beliefs, social classes, and technological innovations. Learn about the key leadership changes that helped shape this ancient society. Discover how religion and technology played crucial roles in their daily lives.