Sugarcane Shoot Borer: Lifecycle, Symptoms, and Impact Quiz

Sugarcane Shoot Borer: Lifecycle, Symptoms, and Impact on Sugar Cane Crops

Sugarcane early shoot borer, known scientifically as Chilo infuscatellus, is a serious pest that affects sugarcane crops in various regions worldwide. The insect's life cycle, symptoms of infestation, and impact on sugarcane are crucial aspects of understanding its behavior and managing its population.

Sugarcane Shoot Borer Lifecycle

The lifecycle of the sugarcane early shoot borer can be divided into four main stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. The eggs are laid on the under surface of the leaf sheaths and hatch in 1-6 days. The larvae, which are the primary cause of damage to sugarcane, enter the stem and become fully grown in 25-30 days. After growing to their full size, the larvae pupate inside the stem. The adult moth emerges from the pupa after 6-8 days, and the entire lifecycle is completed in 35-40 days.

Symptoms of Sugarcane Shoot Borer Infestation

The early shoot borer causes several symptoms in sugarcane:

• Dead Hearts: The larvae of the shoot borer cause the formation of 'dead hearts' in young plants. These dead hearts are formed at the shoot stage and can be easily pulled out of the ground.
• Damaged Canes: The borers damage the canes, which can result in a foul odor.
• Central Whorl of Leaves: The central whorl of leaves in the damaged plants dries up.

These symptoms can lead to a significant reduction in sugarcane yield and, in severe cases, can result in total crop failure.

Impact of Sugarcane Shoot Borer on Sugar Cane Crops

The sugarcane early shoot borer has a significant impact on sugarcane crops. The damages caused by the larvae result in a reduction in yield, often leading to economic losses for farmers. The species can survive year-round in mild climates, making it a persistent pest that can damage sugarcane throughout the growing season.

Management Strategies

Several management strategies can be employed to control sugarcane shoot borers:

• Cultural Practices: Early planting can help avoid infestation, as the larvae are less likely to be present at the time of planting. The destruction of crop residues after harvest can help reduce the overwintering of the insects.
• Biological Control: The use of parasitoids, such as Trichogramma chilonis, can effectively control the shoot borer population. Inundative releases of the parasitoid can be made at regular intervals during the growing season.
• Chemical Control: Pesticides like cartap hydrochloride and chlorpyriphos can be used to control the shoot borer. However, it is essential to follow the instructions on the product label to ensure safe and effective pesticide application.

In conclusion, understanding the life cycle, symptoms, and impact of sugarcane shoot borers is crucial for effective pest management. Implementing a combination of cultural, biological, and chemical control strategies can help farmers minimize economic losses and maintain healthy sugarcane crops.