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Questions and Answers
What is the mode of infection of Red rot disease?
What is the mode of infection of Red rot disease?
- Through conidia or ascospores from infected debris reaching healthy plants through rain splash or wind (correct)
- Through nematode vectors
- Through aphid vectors
- Through wounds and cuts on the sugarcane plant
What is the anamorph of the causal organism of Red rot disease?
What is the anamorph of the causal organism of Red rot disease?
- Fusarium oxysporum
- Glomerella tucumanensis
- Physalospora tucumanensis
- Colletotrichum falcatum (correct)
What is the systematic position of the causal organism of Red rot disease?
What is the systematic position of the causal organism of Red rot disease?
- Chytridiomycota, Chytridiomycetes, Chytridiaceae
- Zygomycota, Mucoromycetes, Mucoraceae
- Ascomycota, Sordariomycetes, Glomerellaceae (correct)
- Basidiomycota, Ustilaginomycetes, Ustilaginaceae
What is the management practice to control Red rot disease?
What is the management practice to control Red rot disease?
What is the nature of the causal organism of Red rot disease?
What is the nature of the causal organism of Red rot disease?
What is the outcome of Red rot disease infection in sugarcane plants?
What is the outcome of Red rot disease infection in sugarcane plants?
What is the survival strategy of the causal organism of Red rot disease?
What is the survival strategy of the causal organism of Red rot disease?
What is the chemical control method used to control Red rot disease?
What is the chemical control method used to control Red rot disease?
Which bacterial genus is primarily responsible for the disease caused by Clavibacter xyli subsp. xyli?
Which bacterial genus is primarily responsible for the disease caused by Clavibacter xyli subsp. xyli?
How does Clavibacter xyli subsp. xyli primarily spread in a sugarcane field?
How does Clavibacter xyli subsp. xyli primarily spread in a sugarcane field?
What is the primary symptom observed in sugarcane plants infected with Clavibacter xyli subsp. xyli?
What is the primary symptom observed in sugarcane plants infected with Clavibacter xyli subsp. xyli?
Which of the following is NOT a method for controlling the spread of Clavibacter xyli subsp. xyli?
Which of the following is NOT a method for controlling the spread of Clavibacter xyli subsp. xyli?
What is the Gram staining reaction of Clavibacter xyli subsp. xyli?
What is the Gram staining reaction of Clavibacter xyli subsp. xyli?
Where does Clavibacter xyli subsp. xyli overwinter in a sugarcane field?
Where does Clavibacter xyli subsp. xyli overwinter in a sugarcane field?
What type of organism is responsible for grassy shoot disease?
What type of organism is responsible for grassy shoot disease?
To which class does the causal organism of grassy shoot belong?
To which class does the causal organism of grassy shoot belong?
How does grassy shoot disease spread?
How does grassy shoot disease spread?
Where does the causal organism of grassy shoot overwinter?
Where does the causal organism of grassy shoot overwinter?
What is the most common symptom of grassy shoot disease?
What is the most common symptom of grassy shoot disease?
What is the scientific classification of the causal organism for ratoon stunting?
What is the scientific classification of the causal organism for ratoon stunting?
Which of the following is a method to control grassy shoot disease?
Which of the following is a method to control grassy shoot disease?
What is the main characteristic of the organism causing ratoon stunting disease?
What is the main characteristic of the organism causing ratoon stunting disease?
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Study Notes
Sugarcane Diseases
- Red Rot: caused by Colletotrichum falcatum (teleomorph: Glomerella tucumanensis)
- Causal organism: Ascomycota, Sordariomycetes
- Systematic position: Glomerellales
- Conidia or ascospores from infected debris reach healthy plants through rain splash or wind
- Infects stalks, causing red lesions that form in internal tissues
- Acervuli develop on stalk surface, producing conidia that cause secondary infections
- Pathogen overwinters in plant debris and soil
- Management: resistant varieties, hot water treatment of setts (52°C for 30 min), chemical control using propiconazole (0.1%) as sett treatment
Bacterial Diseases
- Ratoon Stunting: caused by Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli
- Causal organism: Actinobacteria, Micrococcales
- Systematic position: Microbacteriaceae
- Bacteria enter through cuts, colonize xylem vessels, causing stunting of ratoon crops
- Bacteria overwinter in infected setts and ratoon stubbles
- Management: disease-free planting material, disinfection of cutting tools
Phytoplasma Diseases
- Grassy Shoot: caused by Phytoplasma (16SrXI group)
- Causal organism: Bacteria, Tenericutes, Mollicutes
- Systematic position: Acholeplasmatales
- Obligate intracellular bacterium, transmitted by leafhopper vectors
- Infects phloem, causing systemic spread and proliferation of thin, grassy tillers
- Phytoplasmas overwinter in infected ratoons and alternate hosts
- Management: control of insect vectors, rogue out infected plants, and disease-free planting material
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