Substance Use Treatment Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of agonist substitution therapy?

To minimize withdrawal symptoms without substitution

To create a chemical dependency on a different substance

To provide a similar chemical makeup to the addictive drug (correct)

To increase the stimulant effects of the addictive drug

Which of the following statements about Naltrexone is accurate?

It is used as a standalone treatment without additional support

It enhances the effects of psychoactive drugs

It can lead to withdrawal symptoms immediately (correct)

It is only effective for opioid dependence

Which treatment method involves making substance ingestion extremely unpleasant?

Contingency management

Agonist substitution therapy

Aversion therapy (correct)

Cognitive behavioural therapy

What is a potential downside of using Naltrexone in treatment?

It is more effective in a treatment package Signup and view all the answers

How does buprenorphine compare to methadone in terms of dependency risk?

Buprenorphine has a lower risk of dependence Signup and view all the answers

What role do tranquilizers play in the detoxification process?

They help ease the anxiety and discomfort associated with withdrawal Signup and view all the answers

Which psychosocial treatment is notable for its 12-step philosophy?

Alcoholics Anonymous Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of contingency management in therapy?

To select behaviors and reinforce positive change Signup and view all the answers

What method uses psychological imagery to create negative associations with substance use?

Covert sensitization Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of individuals with gambling disorder?

Exhibit impulsive and optimistic behavior Signup and view all the answers

What behavior is characteristic of kleptomania?

The inability to resist the urge to steal Signup and view all the answers

What type of intervention is emphasized in preventing substance abuse?

Skills training to resist social pressures Signup and view all the answers

What factor is often linked with intermittent explosive disorder?

Dysfunction of the orbitofrontal cortex Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment strategy is employed for impulse-control disorders?

Cognitive-behavioral therapy to identify triggers Signup and view all the answers

What is a common consequence of problematic gambling behavior?

Significant distress or impairment in life Signup and view all the answers

What condition involves a preoccupation with fire-setting?

Pyromania Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes responsibility in beverage service interventions?

Supporting local drinking laws Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary focus of behavioural self-control training for problematic drinking?

Emphasizing client control Signup and view all the answers

What does the community reinforcement approach NOT focus on?

Increasing intake of substances Signup and view all the answers

What is a key component of motivational enhancement therapy (MET)?

Building trust Signup and view all the answers

How does relapse prevention view relapse?

As a failure of cognitive and behavioural coping skills Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant critique of the controlled use strategy in harm reduction?

It is not a guaranteed cure Signup and view all the answers

What role do safe injection sites (SISs) play in harm reduction?

Providing a controlled, safe environment for using substances Signup and view all the answers

What is an incorrect assumption about relapse prevention strategies?

They completely eliminate the possibility of relapse Signup and view all the answers

Which element is NOT typically included in educational-based programs for prevention?

Recreational drug recommendations Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Substance Use and Impulse Control - Treatment

Agonist Substitution: Chemical makeup of drugs similar to addictive drugs (e.g., methadone for opioids, buprenorphine, nicotine substitution). Methadone is an opioid agonist, while buprenorphine has a lower risk of dependence. Nicotine substitution comes in gum, patch, inhaler, and nasal spray forms. Combined with counselling, agonist substitution is more effective. Cross-dependence occurs when drugs act on the same CNS receptors, becoming a substitute.
Antagonist Treatments: Block or counteract the effects of psychoactive drugs. Naltrexone is an opioid antagonist, producing immediate withdrawal symptoms. More effective when part of a treatment package and can also be used for alcohol dependence to inhibit DA release in the Nucleus Accumbens. Reduces cravings.

Other Biological Treatments

Sedatives to lessen withdrawal discomfort from other drugs, gradually tapered off. Desipramine increases abstinence rates for cocaine.

Inpatient Facilities

Detoxification from alcohol or other drugs. Often includes tranquilizers to ease anxiety and discomfort of withdrawal. These facilities are expensive.

Psychosocial Treatments

Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and Variations: Independent 12-step philosophy, effective with motivated individuals. This includes variations like Cocaine Anonymous, Narcotics Anonymous, and Marijuana Anonymous.
Cognitive and Behavioural Treatments:
- Aversion Therapy: Prescribed drugs make using abused substances unpleasant (e.g., disulfiram for alcohol, silver nitrate for smoking). Covert sensitization involves visualizing unpleasant scenes.
- Contingency Management: Clinicians and clients select behaviors to change and reward progress with reinforcers.
- Behavioural Self-Control Training: Empowers clients to control their drinking by teaching stimulus control, modifying drinking behavior, and reinforcing abstinence (through reward).
- Community Reinforcement Approach: Focuses on equipping individuals with social skills, employment opportunities and replacing substance use with new hobbies and recreational options.
- Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET): CBT, aims to increase motivation to change behavior. Building trust, exploring ambivalence, and setting goals are necessary for MET; leading to a developed behavioral plan.
Relapse Prevention (Alan Marlatt): An alternative approach to complete abstinence. Recognizes substance use as a failure of coping skills and may focus on controlled use for some people.

Harm Reduction:

Controlled use (vs. total abstinence): an alternative approach to drug and alcohol use. May be an alternative but not effective long-term.

Gambling Disorder:

Persistent problematic gambling behavior causes significant distress or impairment (e.g., job loss, financial problems, arrests). Similar to substance use, showing cravings and possible tolerance or withdrawal. CBT and Gambler's Anonymous (GA) could help.

Impulse Control Disorders

Intermittent Explosive Disorder: Sudden aggressive impulses, resulting in violent outbursts and property destruction.
Kleptomania: Recurrent failure to resist urge to steal things, typically starts in adolescence, often associated with mood disorders.
Pyromania: Irresistible urge to set fires; preoccupied with fire and related equipment. These are treated with Cognitive-behavioural Therapy where signals associated with urge are identified and coping strategies to avoid the urge are developed.

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Description

Explore various treatment methods for substance use and impulse control, focusing on agonist substitution and antagonist treatments. This quiz dives into the effectiveness of drugs like methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone, as well as additional biological treatments including sedatives. Enhance your understanding of how these treatments interact with the brain's chemistry.