Substance-Related Disorders Overview

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Questions and Answers

What are some common withdrawal symptoms experienced by individuals dependent on nicotine?

Depressed mood and insomnia (correct)

Euphoria and alertness

Enhanced cognitive function

Increased energy and appetite

What effect does nicotine have on the central nervous system in small doses?

It decreases heart rate significantly.

It causes extreme dizziness and disorientation.

It increases the risk of cancer.

It relieves stress and improves mood. (correct)

Which of the following is a short-term effect of cocaine use?

Blurred vision

Increased appetite

Euphoria and heightened alertness (correct)

Long-lasting hallucinations

What can happen to dopamine in the synapse during cocaine use?

It remains in the synapse, causing stimulation of the next neuron. Signup and view all the answers

Which substance is associated with the experience of delusions and hallucinations?

Cannabis Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic effect of high doses of cocaine?

Confusion and convulsions Signup and view all the answers

What physical health risks are associated with nicotine use?

Increased risk of heart disease Signup and view all the answers

How does the THC content of cannabis plants vary?

It is influenced by growing conditions and other chemicals. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of anxiolytic medications?

To reduce anxiety Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable difference between barbiturates and benzodiazepines?

Benzodiazepines provide rapid anxiety-reducing effects. Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter system is significantly affected by alcohol consumption?

GABA system Signup and view all the answers

What is a common effect of taking sedative or hypnotic medications?

Impaired motor coordination Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the initial effects of alcohol consumption?

Apparent stimulation and reduced inhibitions Signup and view all the answers

Why is driving while intoxicated particularly dangerous?

It decreases reaction time and impairs coordination. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about hypnotics is correct?

They induce sleep and combat insomnia. Signup and view all the answers

How do benzodiazepines differ from major tranquilizers?

Benzodiazepines are referred to as minor tranquilizers. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common psychological effect experienced by users of cannabis?

Intense mood swings Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is derived from a grain fungus?

LSD Signup and view all the answers

What physical symptom is commonly associated with hallucinogen intoxication?

Pupillary dilation Signup and view all the answers

Both PCP and ketamine are classified under which category of substances?

Dissociative anesthetics Signup and view all the answers

Which substance is often linked to feelings of paranoia and dizziness when consumed in large doses?

LSD Signup and view all the answers

What sensation might users describe when under the influence of cannabis?

Time distortion Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a natural source of traditional hallucinogens?

Synthetic chemicals for PCP Signup and view all the answers

What is a common household product misused for inhalant abuse?

Aerosol sprays Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical aspect of relapse prevention in substance use recovery?

Understanding neurological changes from substance use Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of Phase 1 in alcohol and drug treatment programs?

Detoxification from substances Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors is associated with substance use among adolescents?

Lack of connectedness to peers Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant effect of media exposure to substance use?

Increased risk of substance use Signup and view all the answers

How does the presence of friends impact media impressions of smoking?

It strengthens the effect of media messages Signup and view all the answers

What role does supportive intervention play during drug and alcohol treatment?

Offering resources for social reconnections Signup and view all the answers

Why might medical supervision be necessary during detoxification?

To manage withdrawal symptoms Signup and view all the answers

What is one consequence of diminished anti-drug advertising?

Heightened perception of substance use as common Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of childhood maltreatment on substance use among individuals?

It increases the likelihood of early onset of drinking or drug use. Signup and view all the answers

How do self-help groups support individuals in recovery from substance use?

By emphasizing fellowship and a supportive community. Signup and view all the answers

What sociocultural factors influence substance use among adolescents?

Factors such as gender, age, socioeconomic status, and ethnicity influence substance use. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception among college students regarding their peers' substance use?

They overestimate the extent of peer use, inflating social acceptability. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the goals of treatment for substance use disorders?

To achieve sustained abstinence and maintain a drug-free lifestyle. Signup and view all the answers

What behavior changes are associated with a decrease in adolescent substance use?

Changing habits and learning to cope without substances. Signup and view all the answers

What role does spiritual awareness play in self-help groups for substance recovery?

It provides motivation for participants to support abstinence. Signup and view all the answers

What is linked to increased substance use in social situations among adolescents?

An increase in peer approval for getting high. Signup and view all the answers

What role does neuroplasticity play in addiction treatment?

It allows the brain to change in response to experiences. Signup and view all the answers

Why is sustained abstinence necessary in addiction treatment?

It is essential for permanent neurological changes to occur. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about relapse in addiction treatment?

Relapse indicates a complete failure of treatment. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of medications such as Antabuse in treating alcohol abuse?

They create unpleasant symptoms when alcohol is consumed. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the function of motivational interviewing in addiction therapy?

It assists clients in making a commitment to change by weighing pros and cons. Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical component of effective treatment for individuals with substance-use disorders?

Relapse prevention strategies. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is true?

AA views alcoholism as a disease that requires total abstinence. Signup and view all the answers

How does acamprosate help individuals recovering from alcohol use disorder?

It maintains abstinence and reduces relapse rates. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Substance: Chemical compounds ingested to alter mood or behavior.
Psychoactive substances: Substances that alter moods, thoughts, and other psychological states. Used excessively.
Substance use: Ingestion of psychoactive substances.
Intoxication: Physiological reaction to ingested substance.
Substance use disorder: Includes substance dependence/addiction.
Addiction: Compulsive drug-seeking behavior, loss of control over drug use.
Withdrawal symptoms: Negative psychological and physiological effects (shaking, irritability, emotional distress) when use is discontinued. Withdrawal occurs when chronic use leads to physiological dependence.
Tolerance: Progressive decrease in the effectiveness of a substance.
Intoxication (as related to substance use): Distinct and recognizable pattern of problematic behavioral or psychological changes associated with substance use.

Substances Associated with Abuse

I. Depressants

Cause the central nervous system to slow down.
Result in feelings of relaxation and sociability (lowered inhibitions).
Alcohol: Produced when yeasts react with sugar and water. Fermentation occurs. GABA and glutamate systems affected.
- Moderate drinking: No more than one drink (women) or two drinks (men) daily or 14 drinks (men) or 7 drinks (women) per week.
- Binge drinking: Five or more drinks (men) or four or more drinks (women) in a single occasion.
- Alcohol poisoning: Large amounts of alcohol consumed quickly; leads to impaired breathing, coma, and death. Can be exacerbated by vomiting and dehydration.

II. Sedatives, Hypnotics, and Anxiolytics

Sedatives: Calming drugs.
Hypnotics: Sleep-inducing drugs.
Anxiolytics: Anxiety-reducing drugs.
These act on the GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) system.

(Other substance categories, like Opiates, Stimulants, Hallucinogens, Dissociative Anesthetics, Cannabis, and Designer Drugs are also discussed in the document)

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Description

This quiz covers key concepts related to substance-related disorders, including definitions of psychoactive substances, intoxication, substance use disorders, and addiction. It also addresses tolerance and withdrawal symptoms, highlighting the physiological and psychological effects associated with substance use. Test your understanding of these critical topics in the field of psychology and substance abuse.