10 Questions
What is the primary function of SCP in SS7 network architecture?
Providing access to databases
Which SS7 node is responsible for transferring SS7 messages between other SS7 nodes?
STP
What functionality does an SSP have in the SS7 network architecture?
Controlling voice circuits
Which type of services are supported by the SS7 network according to the text?
Personal communications services
What is the role of STP in the SS7 network?
Transfer SS7 messages between other nodes
Which feature is not associated with the role of an SSP in SS7 architecture?
Transferring messages between nodes
What type of networks does SCP provide the core functionality for?
Cellular networks
Which service is NOT listed as supported by the SS7 network in the text?
(999) Emergency services
What does an STP do that distinguishes it from an SCP?
Transfers SS7 messages between other nodes
Which intelligent network service is supported by the SS7 architecture?
Toll-free (800/888) wireline services
Study Notes
Signaling in PSTN
- Associated Signaling (CAS) carries signaling in the same channel as the data (T1: RBS, E1: R2 signaling).
- Common Channel Signaling (CCS) carries signaling in a separate channel than the data (SS7), ensuring secure and reliable signaling.
SS7 Signaling
- SS7 (C7) is a signaling protocol defined by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) for call control, remote network management, and maintenance.
- Combines circuit-switched and packet-switched networks.
- SS7 architecture consists of Exchange, Signaling Switching Point (SSP), and Signaling Transfer Point (STP).
- STP acts as a router for SS7 signaling.
- Service Control Point (SCP) delivers a service for SS7 nodes (not voice services).
Traffic Engineering History
- Without an exchange, 5 users would require 10 connections to connect all of them.
- Using an exchange, the number of links can be reduced to 5.
- However, only two links can be used simultaneously.
- Disadvantages of this method include the need for a separate link from each user to the exchange and the requirement of manual connection at the exchange.
Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH)
- PDH is a technology that combines multiple channels to achieve higher data rates.
- Frames are synchronized at 125 microseconds.
- DS0 is the basic channel rate of 64 kbps.
- Multiplexing (MUX) is used to combine channels to achieve higher data rates.
- T1 and E1 are digital transmission systems with data rates of 1.544 Mbps and 2.048 Mbps, respectively.
Digital Mux Levels
- Digital Mux levels are used to specify the number of 64 kbps channels and the corresponding data rate.
- North American, European, and Japanese standards for digital mux levels are T, E, and J, respectively.
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH)
- SDH is a standard technology for synchronous data transmission.
- DS0 is the building block of any network.
- SDH hierarchy includes E1, STM1, STM4, STM16, and STM64, with corresponding data rates of 2.048 Mbps, 155 Mbps, 622 Mbps, 2.5 Gbps, and 10 Gbps, respectively.
PSTN, ISDN, and Modems
- In a PSTN, a digital device such as a computer may use a modem to connect to an analog network.
- ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) provides access to all digital facilities for videos, packet-switched data, and telephone network services.
- ISDN features include fast call setup using out-of-band channel signaling and faster data rates using Bearer (B) channel services at 64 kbps per channel.
Test your knowledge on Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH) concepts including multiplexing, signaling, frame synchronization, and data rates as explained by Dr. Subodha Gunawardena.
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