Sublimation and Deposition Activity Inference
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Questions and Answers

What is the name of the process where a substance changes directly from the solid state to the gaseous state without passing through the liquid state?

  • Boiling
  • Sublimation (correct)
  • Evaporation
  • Condensation

    • What is the name of the process where a substance changes directly from the gaseous state to the solid state without passing through the liquid state?

  • Evaporation
  • Deposition (correct)
  • Condensation
  • Melting

    • What is the effect of increasing pressure on the liquefaction of gases?

  • Decreases the temperature required for liquefaction (correct)
  • Increases the temperature required for liquefaction
  • Causes the gas to directly convert to a solid state
  • Has no effect on the liquefaction of gases

    • What is the other name for solid carbon dioxide (CO2)?

    <p>Dry ice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the state of a substance change with changes in pressure and temperature?

    <p>Both pressure and temperature determine the state of a substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenomenon is observed when solid carbon dioxide changes directly into a gas?

    <p>Sublimation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following states of matter has the highest compressibility?

    <p>Gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when a gas changes into a liquid?

    <p>Condensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an increase in pressure affect the state of matter?

    <p>It promotes liquefaction of gases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the density of air as it gets liquefied?

    <p>Density increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property of matter is demonstrated when solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) changes directly into a gas without passing through the liquid state?

    <p>Sublimation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following observations best demonstrates the effect of pressure on states of matter?

    <p>Liquefaction of gases under high pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a substance changes directly from a gas to a solid without becoming a liquid first, this process is known as:

    <p>Deposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best explains why a diver is able to cut through water in a swimming pool?

    <p>Density of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property of matter is exhibited when air trapped in minute holes of a sponge is expelled out upon compression?

    <p>Compressibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which a solid directly transforms into a gas, without going through the liquid state?

    <p>Sublimation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which a gas directly transforms into a solid, without going through the liquid state?

    <p>Deposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method can be used to liquefy atmospheric gases like oxygen and nitrogen?

    <p>Applying high pressure and low temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the physical state of solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) at standard atmospheric pressure?

    <p>Gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an increase in pressure affect the melting point and boiling point of a substance?

    <p>Decreases melting point but increases boiling point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the particles of matter when the energy supplied by heat overcomes the forces of attraction between them?

    <p>The particles leave their fixed positions and start moving more freely</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum temperature at which a solid melts to become a liquid at atmospheric pressure called?

    <p>Melting point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what temperature does ice melt, according to the provided text?

    <p>$273.15$ K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the melting point of a solid indicate about its particles?

    <p>The strength of the force of attraction between the particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a solid melts and becomes a liquid, what occurs to the forces of attraction between its particles?

    <p>The forces weaken</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the process where a solid directly transitions to a gaseous state without passing through the liquid phase?

    <p>Sublimation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances undergoes sublimation at normal atmospheric pressure and temperature?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the pressure on a gas is increased while keeping the temperature constant, what effect will it have on the liquefaction of the gas?

    <p>The gas will be more likely to liquefy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a substance undergoes deposition, what phase transition is occurring?

    <p>Gas to solid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does decreasing the pressure have on the state of a substance that can undergo sublimation?

    <p>It promotes the gaseous state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following processes involves the direct conversion of a solid to a gas without passing through the liquid state?

    <p>Sublimation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the process where a gas directly changes into a solid without passing through the liquid state?

    <p>Deposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the solid form of carbon dioxide (CO2) at normal atmospheric pressure?

    <p>Dry ice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the kinetic energy of particles when a gas is compressed at constant temperature?

    <p>Increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about the effect of pressure on the liquefaction of gases?

    <p>Increasing pressure favors liquefaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best describes the arrangement of particles in a solid?

    <p>Particles are arranged in a highly ordered pattern with minimum kinetic energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the process where a substance changes directly from the liquid state to the gaseous state without passing through the solid state?

    <p>Vaporization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements correctly describes the forces of attraction between particles in different states of matter?

    <p>The forces of attraction are maximum in solids, intermediate in liquids, and minimum in gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the process where a substance changes directly from the gaseous state to the liquid state without passing through the solid state?

    <p>Liquefaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about the spaces between particles in different states of matter?

    <p>The spaces are minimum in solids, intermediate in liquids, and maximum in gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the force of attraction between particles in a solid state of matter.

    <p>Strong forces of attraction between particles in a fixed position.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the properties of particles of matter in a liquid state.

    <p>Particles are close together but can move past each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the particles of matter when the energy supplied by heat overcomes the forces of attraction between them?

    <p>Particles move further apart, transitioning from a solid to a liquid state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the effect of compression on the properties of a gas.

    <p>Compression reduces the spaces between gas particles, increasing pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property of matter is exhibited when air trapped in minute holes of a sponge is expelled out upon compression?

    <p>Compressibility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the force of attraction between particles in different states of matter.

    <p>The force of attraction between particles is strongest in solids, weaker in liquids, and weakest in gases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the properties exhibited by particles of matter in relation to compression.

    <p>When matter is compressed, the particles come close together, decreasing the space between them and increasing the pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the particles of matter behave when the energy supplied by heat overcomes the forces of attraction between them?

    <p>When the energy supplied by heat overcomes the forces of attraction, the particles move faster, causing the matter to change its state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the effect of decreasing pressure on a substance that can undergo sublimation.

    <p>Decreasing pressure on a substance that can undergo sublimation can cause it to change directly from a solid to a gas without passing through the liquid state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Discuss the relationship between the spaces between particles in different states of matter.

    <p>The spaces between particles are the least in solids, slightly more in liquids, and the most in gases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain why a wooden table is considered a solid.

    <p>A wooden table is considered a solid because its particles are closely packed together and have strong forces of attraction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the property of fluidity and provide an example.

    <p>Fluidity is the ability of a substance to flow and take the shape of its container. An example is water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain why a gas fills completely the vessel in which it is kept.

    <p>A gas fills completely the vessel because its particles are in constant random motion and have negligible forces of attraction between them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Discuss the differences in compressibility between solids, liquids, and gases.

    <p>Solids are least compressible, liquids are moderately compressible, and gases are highly compressible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain why ice floats on water despite being a solid.

    <p>Ice floats on water because it is less dense than liquid water due to the arrangement of its particles in a crystal lattice structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the concept of compression of matter and its effect on the properties of particles.

    <p>Compression of matter involves reducing the volume of particles, leading to increased forces of attraction between particles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Discuss the forces of attraction between particles in different states of matter.

    <p>In solids, the forces of attraction are strong, while in liquids they are weaker, and in gases, they are very weak.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the kinetic energy of particles change when a gas is compressed at constant temperature?

    <p>The kinetic energy of particles increases when a gas is compressed at constant temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain why a diver is able to cut through water in a swimming pool.

    <p>A diver can cut through water due to the weak forces of attraction between water particles, allowing movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the arrangement of particles in a solid.

    <p>In a solid, particles are closely packed together in a regular pattern.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain why a desert cooler cools better on a hot dry day?

    <p>The desert cooler cools better on a hot dry day because the dry air allows for faster evaporation of water, which absorbs more heat from the surroundings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does water kept in an earthen pot (matka) become cool during summer?

    <p>Water kept in an earthen pot becomes cool during summer due to evaporation. The pores in the earthen pot allow water to seep through and evaporate, taking away heat and cooling the water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does our palm feel cold when we put acetone, petrol, or perfume on it?

    <p>Our palm feels cold when we put acetone, petrol, or perfume on it because these substances evaporate quickly, taking away heat from our skin and causing a cooling sensation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can we sip hot tea or milk faster from a saucer rather than a cup?

    <p>We can sip hot tea or milk faster from a saucer rather than a cup because the larger surface area of the saucer allows for faster heat dissipation, cooling the liquid more quickly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of clothes should we wear in summer?

    <p>In summer, we should wear light-colored, loose-fitting clothes made of breathable fabrics like cotton. These clothes help in better evaporation of sweat, keeping us cool.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group was the easiest to break in the human chain activity described?

    <p>The third group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the reason behind the surface of water remaining together when cut with fingers?

    <p>Surface tension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which substance do you think the particles are held together with greater force: iron nail, chalk, or rubber band?

    <p>Iron nail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If each student is considered a particle of matter, in which group were the particles held together with the maximum force?

    <p>The first group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What keeps the particles of matter together according to the activities described?

    <p>Force of attraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the minimum temperature at which a solid melts to become a liquid at atmospheric pressure?

    <p>Melting point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe what happens to the particles of matter when the energy supplied by heat overcomes the forces of attraction between them.

    <p>Particles leave their fixed positions and start moving more freely.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the relationship between the melting point of a solid and the force of attraction between its particles.

    <p>The melting point indicates the strength of the force of attraction between particles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property of matter is demonstrated when a solid directly transitions to a gaseous state without passing through the liquid phase?

    <p>Sublimation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an increase in pressure affect the state of matter?

    <p>Increasing pressure can cause gases to liquefy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process where a gas directly changes into a solid without passing through the liquid state?

    <p>Deposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the effect of compression on the properties of a gas.

    <p>Compression can increase the density and pressure of a gas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the process where a substance changes directly from the liquid state to the gaseous state without passing through the solid state?

    <p>Evaporation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe what happens to the forces of attraction between particles when a solid melts and becomes a liquid.

    <p>Forces of attraction decrease allowing particles to move more freely.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property of matter is exhibited when air trapped in minute holes of a sponge is expelled out upon compression?

    <p>Compressibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Matter and Its Nature

    • Matter is made up of small particles that have mass and occupy space.
    • The physical nature of matter can be understood by observing the properties of solids, liquids, and gases.

    Characteristics of Particles of Matter

    • Particles of matter are very small and cannot be seen with the naked eye.
    • Particles of matter are in continuous motion, even in solids.
    • Particles of matter have forces of attraction between them, which vary in strength.
    • Particles of matter have kinetic energy, which increases with temperature.

    States of Matter

    • Solids: Particles are closely packed, have fixed shape, and have minimum kinetic energy.
    • Liquids: Particles have more space between them, can change shape, and have intermediate kinetic energy.
    • Gases: Particles are widely spaced, have maximum kinetic energy, and can expand to fill a container.

    Interconvertibility of States of Matter

    • Matter can change its state from solid to liquid to gas, and vice versa, by changing temperature or pressure.
    • Change of state from solid to gas without going through liquid state is called sublimation.
    • Examples of sublimation include dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) and camphor.

    Factors Affecting Evaporation

    • Temperature: Increasing temperature increases evaporation.
    • Surface area: Increasing surface area increases evaporation.
    • Humidity: Decreasing humidity increases evaporation.

    Latent Heat of Vaporisation

    • The energy required to change a liquid to a gas at constant temperature is called the latent heat of vaporisation.

    Pressure and Its Effects

    • Increasing pressure can change the state of matter from gas to liquid.
    • Decreasing pressure can change the state of matter from liquid to gas.
    • Pressure affects the kinetic energy of particles, causing them to move closer together or farther apart.

    Activities and Observations

    • Diffusion of particles in a solution.
    • Continuous motion of particles in a gas.
    • Effect of pressure on the state of matter.
    • Conversion of solid to liquid to gas and vice versa.

    Questions and Answers

    • What is matter made up of? (Small particles)

    • What are the characteristics of particles of matter? (Small, continuous motion, forces of attraction, kinetic energy)

    • What are the three states of matter? (Solids, liquids, gases)

    • Can matter change its state? (Yes, by changing temperature or pressure)### Change of State

    • The change of state from solid to liquid occurs when the kinetic energy of particles increases due to heat, allowing them to vibrate faster and overcome the forces of attraction between them.

    Melting Point

    • The minimum temperature at which a solid melts to become a liquid at atmospheric pressure is called its melting point.
    • The melting point of a solid is an indication of the strength of the force of attraction between its particles.
    • The melting point of ice is 273.15 K.

    Experiment to Observe Change of State

    • Heat the beaker containing ice on a low flame.
    • Note the temperature when the ice starts melting.
    • Note the temperature when all the ice has converted into water.
    • Record observations for the conversion of solid to liquid state.

    Conversion to Gas

    • Heat the water while stirring till it starts boiling.
    • Keep a careful eye on the thermometer reading till most of the water has vaporised.
    • Record observations for the conversion of water in the liquid state to the gaseous state.

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    Description

    In this activity, a change of state directly from solid to gas is observed, known as sublimation, and the direct change of gas to solid is demonstrated, known as deposition. Learn to infer observations related to sublimation and deposition based on the given activity.

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