Subatomic Particles and Chemical Bonds Quiz

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What is the role of p+ particles in determining atomic mass?

They affect the reactivity of the atom

They contribute to the atomic number (correct)

They determine the number of electrons in an atom

They define the isotopic mass of the atom

What type of bonds require energy to make or break and involve sharing pairs of electrons?

Covalent bonds (correct)

Hydrogen bonds

Van der Waals forces

Ionic bonds

What determines the solubility of a biological solution?

The specific heat capacity of the solution

The concentration of protons [H+]

The type of hydrogen bonds present (correct)

The arrangement of atoms in the solute

Which expression is more commonly used in biological solutions to denote concentration?

Molarity (mol/L) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does pH measure in a solution?

The concentration of hydrogen ions [H+] (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does an acid do in a solution?

Donates protons (H+) (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a job of proteins mentioned in the text?

Cofactors (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of interactions do proteins engage in with other molecules?

Noncovalent interactions (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the equilibrium state in protein-ligand binding reactions?

Equal concentrations of bound products and unbound reactants (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does the equilibrium constant ([PL] / [P][L]) indicate in reversible reactions?

The degree of attachment between protein and ligand (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does a dissociation constant (Kd) greater than 1 indicate in protein-ligand binding affinity?

Low protein-ligand binding affinity (B) Signup and view all the answers

What do competitors refer to in the context of protein binding?

Similar ligands that can compete for the binding site of a protein (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of a researcher who is designing a drug with specific cell receptor protein binding?

Selecting molecules with high potential for success in binding to the cell receptor protein (D) Signup and view all the answers

How can a cell modulate its response to a ligand?

By increasing or decreasing the amount of a particular protein (B) Signup and view all the answers

What do membranes primarily regulate?

Passage across boundaries and exchange with extracellular fluid (ECF) (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the key components of biological membranes?

Phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates (B) Signup and view all the answers

What do organelles facilitate within cells?

Specialization of functions within cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

In what way does subcellular compartmentation contribute to cellular specialization?

By enabling different organelles to carry out distinct functions (A) Signup and view all the answers

p+ Particles

Contribute to atomic number and mass of an atom.

Covalent Bonds

Bonds that involve sharing pairs of electrons.