18 Questions
What type of bond is formed when two atoms share pairs of electrons?
Covalent bond
Which type of molecule has both polar and nonpolar regions?
Polar molecule
What determines the solubility of biological solutions?
Noncovalent interaction type
In which unit is solution concentration most commonly expressed in biological solutions?
mol/L
What is the measure of the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution called?
[H+] concentration
What does an acid do in a solution?
Donates protons (H+)
What is the common feature of all proteins mentioned in the text?
They all bind other molecules through noncovalent interactions
What term describes the degree to which a protein is attached to its ligand?
Affinity
What does the equilibrium constant ([PL] / [P][L]) indicate in a protein-ligand binding reaction?
The ratio of products to reactants at equilibrium
In a reversible protein-ligand binding reaction, what does the dissociation constant (Kd) indicate when Kd < 1?
High protein-ligand binding affinity
Which term refers to similar ligands that can compete for the binding site of a protein?
Competitors
A researcher is designing a drug that binds a particular cell receptor protein. Which candidate molecule with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 0.3 has the most potential for success?
Candidate B with Kd = 0.3
What term describes the process of increasing or decreasing the amount of a particular protein in response to pH and temperature changes?
Up-regulation
What function do biological membranes serve?
Regulate passage across boundaries
What is the main function of cell membranes?
Regulate exchange with extracellular fluid (ECF)
What are the components of basic cell membrane structure?
Lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates
Which term describes the concept of specialization of functions within organelles?
Compartmentation
What does protein synthesis demonstrate regarding subcellular compartmentation?
It allows for specialization of functions
Test your knowledge on subatomic particles and chemical bonds with this quiz. Explore the roles of protons, neutrons, electrons, and different types of chemical bonds such as covalent and noncovalent bonds.
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