Subacute Ruminal Acidosis Effects

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Questions and Answers

What is the diagnosis method for subacute ruminal acidosis at the herd level?

  • Blood tests for all cows in the herd
  • Recording feed intake for the entire herd
  • Measuring ruminal pH in a group of high-risk cows (correct)
  • Clinical signs observation in individual cows

Which group of animals is at risk of developing subacute ruminal acidosis?

  • Cows grazing lush grass from extensively managed pasture
  • Ruminant animals consuming high-grain diets
  • Animals fed predominantly forage diets
  • Dairy cows, feedlot cattle, and feedlot sheep (correct)

What causes subacute ruminal acidosis in ruminants?

  • Ingestion of feed high in rapidly fermentable carbohydrates or deficient in physically active fiber (correct)
  • High intake of slowly fermentable carbohydrates
  • Excessive protein intake in the diet
  • Lack of mineral supplements in the diet

What is one consequence of feeding ruminants excessive amounts of rapidly fermentable carbohydrates in conjunction with inadequate fiber?

<p>Subacute ruminal acidosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of low ruminal pH on bacterial species in the rumen?

<p>It decreases the number of bacterial species (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does low ruminal pH affect protozoal populations?

<p>It limits protozoal populations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are animals more susceptible to future episodes of ruminal acidosis after experiencing subacute ruminal acidosis?

<p>Due to a decrease in the number of bacterial and protozoal species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What pathophysiologic consequences are associated with low ruminal pH?

<p>Rumenitis and erosion of the ruminal epithelium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What problem may occur if the ruminal epithelium is inflamed?

<p>Liver abscesses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is subacute ruminal acidosis diagnosed?

<p>By measuring ruminal fluid pH in a group of apparently healthy animals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is ruminal fluid usually collected for pH measurement?

<p>~6–10 hours after the first daily feeding of a total mixed ration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main clinical signs attributed to subacute ruminal acidosis?

<p>Unexplained diarrhea and decreased feed intake (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an alternative explanation for the development of claw horn lesions?

<p>Subacute laminitis caused by low ruminal pH has not been experimentally characterized or reproduced (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the ability of the rumen to rapidly absorb organic acids important for maintaining stable ruminal pH?

<p>It contributes to the stability of ruminal pH (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to ruminal papillae when cattle are fed higher-grain diets?

<p>They increase in length (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one mechanism by which affected animals resolve ruminal acidosis and return ruminal pH to normal?

<p>Consume longer forage particles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What could cause pain and contribute to reduced feed intake during subacute ruminal acidosis?

<p>Inflammation of the ruminal epithelium (rumenitis) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to absorption of volatile fatty acids as ruminal pH drops?

<p>Increases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is ruminal lactate production undesirable during subacute ruminal acidosis?

<p>Lactate has a lower pKa than VFAs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key to the prevention of subacute ruminal acidosis?

<p>Limiting intake of readily fermentable carbohydrates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of errors in delivery of rations that may lead to subacute ruminal acidosis?

<p>Lack of adjustment for variation in moisture content of different forages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is used to quantify the buffering capacity of a diet?

<p>Dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a preventive measure for subacute ruminal acidosis?

<p>Feeding well-formulated diets (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is milk fat depression deemed a poor and insensitive indicator of subacute ruminal acidosis?

<p>Because it does not always reflect subacute ruminal acidosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What encourages saliva production during chewing and increases rumination after feeding to decrease the risk of subacute ruminal acidosis?

<p>Long-fiber particles in the diet (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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