Subacute Ruminal Acidosis Effects
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Questions and Answers

What is the diagnosis method for subacute ruminal acidosis at the herd level?

  • Blood tests for all cows in the herd
  • Recording feed intake for the entire herd
  • Measuring ruminal pH in a group of high-risk cows (correct)
  • Clinical signs observation in individual cows

    • Which group of animals is at risk of developing subacute ruminal acidosis?

  • Cows grazing lush grass from extensively managed pasture
  • Ruminant animals consuming high-grain diets
  • Animals fed predominantly forage diets
  • Dairy cows, feedlot cattle, and feedlot sheep (correct)

    • What causes subacute ruminal acidosis in ruminants?

  • Ingestion of feed high in rapidly fermentable carbohydrates or deficient in physically active fiber (correct)
  • High intake of slowly fermentable carbohydrates
  • Excessive protein intake in the diet
  • Lack of mineral supplements in the diet

    • What is one consequence of feeding ruminants excessive amounts of rapidly fermentable carbohydrates in conjunction with inadequate fiber?

    <p>Subacute ruminal acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of low ruminal pH on bacterial species in the rumen?

    <p>It decreases the number of bacterial species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does low ruminal pH affect protozoal populations?

    <p>It limits protozoal populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are animals more susceptible to future episodes of ruminal acidosis after experiencing subacute ruminal acidosis?

    <p>Due to a decrease in the number of bacterial and protozoal species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What pathophysiologic consequences are associated with low ruminal pH?

    <p>Rumenitis and erosion of the ruminal epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What problem may occur if the ruminal epithelium is inflamed?

    <p>Liver abscesses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is subacute ruminal acidosis diagnosed?

    <p>By measuring ruminal fluid pH in a group of apparently healthy animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is ruminal fluid usually collected for pH measurement?

    <p>~6–10 hours after the first daily feeding of a total mixed ration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main clinical signs attributed to subacute ruminal acidosis?

    <p>Unexplained diarrhea and decreased feed intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an alternative explanation for the development of claw horn lesions?

    <p>Subacute laminitis caused by low ruminal pH has not been experimentally characterized or reproduced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the ability of the rumen to rapidly absorb organic acids important for maintaining stable ruminal pH?

    <p>It contributes to the stability of ruminal pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to ruminal papillae when cattle are fed higher-grain diets?

    <p>They increase in length</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one mechanism by which affected animals resolve ruminal acidosis and return ruminal pH to normal?

    <p>Consume longer forage particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could cause pain and contribute to reduced feed intake during subacute ruminal acidosis?

    <p>Inflammation of the ruminal epithelium (rumenitis)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to absorption of volatile fatty acids as ruminal pH drops?

    <p>Increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is ruminal lactate production undesirable during subacute ruminal acidosis?

    <p>Lactate has a lower pKa than VFAs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key to the prevention of subacute ruminal acidosis?

    <p>Limiting intake of readily fermentable carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of errors in delivery of rations that may lead to subacute ruminal acidosis?

    <p>Lack of adjustment for variation in moisture content of different forages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to quantify the buffering capacity of a diet?

    <p>Dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a preventive measure for subacute ruminal acidosis?

    <p>Feeding well-formulated diets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is milk fat depression deemed a poor and insensitive indicator of subacute ruminal acidosis?

    <p>Because it does not always reflect subacute ruminal acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What encourages saliva production during chewing and increases rumination after feeding to decrease the risk of subacute ruminal acidosis?

    <p>Long-fiber particles in the diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

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