23 Questions
What is the underlying cause of the painful swelling in a Stye?
Infection of eyelash sebaceous glands
What is the primary purpose of applying hot fomentations in the treatment of a Stye?
To bring the pus to a head
In what circumstances would systemic antibiotics be prescribed for a Stye?
If needed
What is the significance of epilation of the affected lash in the treatment of a Stye?
Removing the source of the infection
What is the progression of the swelling in a Stye?
Diffuse initially, becomes localized with pus
What are the common clinical effects of a severely damaged eye?
Mechanical damage, risk of infection, chemical effects of retained intraocular foreign bodies, and sympathetic ophthalmitis.
What is the most common presentation of retinoblastoma in children?
Leukocoria
What is the purpose of removing a long optic nerve stump during enucleation for retinoblastoma?
To prevent metastasis of the tumor to the brain.
What is the treatment of choice for small, localized retinoblastoma tumors?
Local therapy (LASER or Cryotherapy)
What is the procedure of choice for orbital spread of retinoblastoma?
Exenteration (removal of whole orbital tissue with globe)
Why is CT scan avoided in the investigation of retinoblastoma?
To prevent secondary malignancies
What is the potential complication of blood organization in the anterior chamber angle?
peripheral anterior synechiae and secondary angle-closure glaucoma
What is the clinical presentation of open globe injuries?
sudden vision impairment, shallow, irregular anterior chamber with hypotony, and associated secondary uveitis, uveal prolapse, or vitreous prolapse
What is the indication for surgical evacuation in patients with hyphema?
uncontrolled glaucoma or total hyphema (8-ball hyphema)
What is the purpose of topical steroids in the treatment of hyphema?
to prevent blood organization
What is the management of open globe injuries?
immediate sterile eye patching, avoiding topical eye drops, considering prophylactic systemic antibiotics, and surgical repair as soon as possible
What is the surgical intervention required for iridodialysis?
surgical resuturing
What is the primary complication associated with hyphema?
Corneal endothelium staining
What is the presenting feature of paralytic strabismus?
Binocular diplopia
What is the treatment approach for amblyopia?
Occlusion of the healthy eye and enhancing near vision activities
What is the surgical intervention for restrictive strabismus?
Transposition of fibrosed muscles
What is the primary goal of correcting refractive errors in strabismus treatment?
To eliminate the cause of strabismus
What is the purpose of the Hirschberg test in strabismus evaluation?
To measure the angle of deviation
Study Notes
Stye (Hordeolum Externum)
- Acute infection of eyelash sebaceous glands
- Painful swelling that initially appears diffuse, but eventually becomes localized with pus
- Treatment options include:
- Hot fomentations
- Systemic antibiotics (if necessary)
- Epilation of the affected lash
Learn about the symptoms and treatment of Hordeolum Externum, a painful acute infection of the eyelash sebaceous glands. Understand the causes and management of this common eye condition.
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