Study Notes Creation Quiz

A measure of how much a material opposes the flow of electricity. Measured in Ohms (Ω). Higher resistance means less current flows through the material.

The amount of radiation energy passing through a unit area per unit time. Measured in units like Gray (Gy) or Sievert (Sv).

The amount of radioactive material remaining after a certain time has passed. Measured in units such as Becquerel (Bq) or Curie (Ci).

The time taken for half of a radioactive substance to decay. Measured in units like years, days, or seconds.

The rate at which a radioactive substance decays. Measured in units like per second (s⁻¹).

The distance from the source of radiation to the point where the intensity is measured.

The amount of a substance that remains after a specific time. Calculated using the formula: A = A₀e⁻ᵏᵗ

A measure of the rate of flow of a fluid in a duct or pipe, typically measured in cubic feet per minute (cfm).

The speed at which air is flowing through a duct or pipe. Typically measured in feet per minute (fpm).

The concentration of a substance in parts per million (ppm) is calculated by multiplying the concentration in milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m³) by 24.45 and dividing by the molecular weight (MW) of the substance.

The Time Weighted Average (TWA) represents the average concentration of exposure to a chemical over a specific time period. It's calculated by summing the product of each concentration (C) and its corresponding exposure time (T) and then dividing by the total exposure time.

The Lower Flammable Limit (LFL) of a mixture is calculated by taking the reciprocal of the sum of the fractions of each component (f) divided by its respective LFL. This represents the lowest concentration of a flammable mixture that will ignite in the presence of an ignition source.

The Threshold Limit Value (TLV) of a mixture is determined by taking the reciprocal of the sum of the fractions of each component (f) divided by its respective TLV. This represents the maximum concentration of a mixture that can be exposed to without causing adverse health effects.

The combined gas law expresses the relationship between pressure (P), volume (V) and temperature (T) of a gas. It states that the product of pressure and volume divided by temperature remains constant. This law combines Charles's law and Boyle's law.

In electrical circuits, Ohm's law states the relationship between voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R). Voltage is directly proportional to the current and resistance. It helps calculate the relationship between these electrical components.

Power (P) in electrical circuits refers to the rate of energy transfer. It can be calculated by multiplying voltage (V) and current (I), or by squaring the current (I) and multiplying by resistance (R), or by squaring the voltage (V) and dividing by resistance (R).

The velocity of air entering the hood opening, usually measured in feet per minute (fpm).

The area of the hood opening, measured in square feet (ft²).

A measure of heat stress, combining the effects of wet bulb temperature, globe temperature, and dry bulb temperature.

A type of noise measurement that considers the total sound power emitted by a source, measured in decibels (dB).

A type of noise measurement that considers the sound pressure at a specific point, measured in decibels (dB).

A method used to estimate the total noise level from multiple sources. It adds the individual sound levels in decibels and then adds an additional value based on the number of sources.

A rule that states that for every doubling of distance from a noise source, the noise level decreases by 6 dB.

A method used to calculate the total sound pressure level generated by multiple sound sources, considering the individual sound levels of each source.

The pH scale measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. Values range from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. Solutions with a pH less than 7 are acidic, while solutions with a pH greater than 7 are alkaline.

The time-weighted average (TWA) concentration is the average exposure level over a specific period, often a workday. To calculate the TWA, you sum up the product of each concentration level and its duration, then divide by the total time.

The half-life of a radioactive substance is the time it takes for half of the substance to decay. For example, if a substance has a half-life of 1 year, after 1 year, half of the substance will remain, after two years, a quarter will remain, and so on.

The decay constant for a radioactive substance is a measure of the rate at which it decays. It is related to the half-life of the substance. A higher decay constant indicates a faster decay rate.

Half-value thickness is the thickness of material required to reduce the intensity of radiation by 50%. For example, if a material has a half-value thickness of 2.7 inches, a shield made of that material that is 2.7 inches thick will reduce the radiation intensity by half.

A mathematical function that calculates the average of a set of numbers.

A measure of how spread out a set of data is from its mean.

A statistical measure that shows the strength and direction of the linear relationship between two variables.

A function that changes the sign of a number or an exponent.

A mathematical function used to calculate the power of a number to another. It allows you to raise any number to any power.

A way to represent very large or very small numbers using exponents and a base of 10.

Calculate the number of ways to choose a subset of items from a larger set, without regard to order.

Calculate the number of ways to arrange a set of items in a specific order.

The product of all positive integers less than or equal to a given integer.

The process of evaluating a mathematical expression by performing calculations in a specific order.