Structure of Renal Corpuscle and Glomerulus

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the principal cells in the collecting duct?

To regulate water permeability through ADH-regulated water channels (correct)
To secrete hydrogen ions
To produce mucus to prevent cell damage from urine
To facilitate the exchange of sodium and potassium ions

What is the histological characteristic of the cells lining the collecting ducts as they descend from the cortex to the medulla?

They change from columnar to cuboidal to squamous
They change from squamous to cuboidal to columnar (correct)
They change from squamous to columnar to cuboidal
They remain cuboidal throughout

What is the primary function of the intercalated cells in the collecting duct?

To secrete hydrogen ions or bicarbonate ions (correct)
To regulate water permeability through ADH-regulated water channels
To facilitate the exchange of sodium and potassium ions
To produce mucus to prevent cell damage from urine

What is the function of the collecting ducts in the kidney?

To drain urine from the nephron to the renal pelvis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the epithelium lining the collecting tubules and ducts?

Simple cuboidal/columnar epithelium (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the collecting ducts in the kidney?

In the medullary ray within the cortex (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of aldosterone in the collecting duct?

To stimulate the reabsorption of sodium ions (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the glomerular filtration barrier?

To prevent some large molecules from entering the capsular space (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of epithelium forms the outer or parietal layer of Bowman's capsule?

Simple squamous epithelium (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the mesangial cells in the glomerulus?

To give structural support to podocytes and vessels (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the network of blood capillaries surrounded by Bowman's capsule?

Glomerulus (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the thin membrane that spans the filtration slits?

Filtration slit membrane (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the cells that form the inner layer of Bowman's capsule?

Podocytes (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the space between the outer and inner epithelial layers of Bowman's capsule?

Capsular space (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the proximal convoluted tubule in the nephron?

Transport of majority of recovered water, ions, and glucose from the filtrate (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on the collecting ducts?

Makes collecting ducts more permeable to water and increases the rate of water reabsorption (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the histological characteristic of the epithelial cells lining the proximal convoluted tubule?

Simple cuboidal with microvilli (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which segment of the nephron is responsible for ion exchange and regulation of Na+ and K+ concentration?

Distal convoluted tubule (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

Regulation of blood pressure (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the histological characteristic of the epithelial cells lining the descending limb of the loop of Henle?

Simple squamous (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle?

Concentration of the filtrate through osmotic gradient (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the filtration membrane in the renal corpuscle?

To filter waste and excess substances from the blood (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for influencing the resorption of sodium ions in the nephron?

Macula densa (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in the nephron?

To regulate blood pressure (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the specialized smooth muscle cells in the afferent arteriole that contain renin in secretory granules?

Juxtaglomerular cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the podocyte filtration slits in the glomerulus?

To filter waste and excess substances from the blood (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for producing renin in response to falling blood pressure?

Juxtaglomerular cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the portion of the terminal distal straight tubule adjacent to the renal corpuscle?

Macula densa (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component of the filtration barrier in the glomerulus?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the mesangial cells in the glomerulus?

To phagocytose and remove waste from the glomerular capillaries (A) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Collecting System

Continuation of distal convoluted tubules, descends through medulla.

Ducts

Coalesce and increase in size, changing from squamous to cuboidal to columnar.