Questions and Answers
What part of the neuron is responsible for translating DNA information and transmitting it to the dendrites and axon?
Cell body (soma)
Which structure insulates the axon and allows electrical impulses to travel more quickly in neurons?
Myelin sheath
What is the main function of dendrites in a neuron?
Process electrical impulses before transmitting to the axon
Which system consists of the soma, dendrites, and axon, among other components?
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How does the Peripheral Nervous System primarily interact with external stimuli?
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Which part of the nervous system enables responses to occur between different stimuli?
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What is the main role of the myelin sheath surrounding the axon?
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'Reflex Arc' primarily functions in which way within the nervous system?
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What is the function of axons in a neuron?
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Which part of a neuron connects with dendrites of other neurons and processes electrical impulses before transmitting?
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What is the main role of dendrites in a neuron?
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How does the myelin sheath affect the speed of electrical impulses in neurons?
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What is the purpose of the peripheral nervous system in the body?
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What is the function of the central nervous system in processing information?
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How does the soma of a neuron contribute to processing information?
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What is the primary function of neurons in the nervous system?
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Study Notes
Nervous System Overview
- The nervous system consists of two main sections: Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
- The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS connects the CNS to the rest of the body
Neuron Structure
- A neuron consists of three main parts: Soma (cell body), Dendrites, and Axon
- Soma (cell body) contains the nucleus where DNA information is stored and translated
- Dendrites are branch-like extensions that receive electrical impulses from other neurons
- Axon is a long, protective covering that insulates and allows electrical impulses to travel quickly
Neuron Function
- Neurons translate external stimuli into electrical signals transmitted to the brain
- Dendrites process electrical impulses before transmitting to the axon
- Axons transmit electrical impulses quickly and efficiently
- Neurons can connect with dendrites of other neurons and change size as they process information
Classification of Neurons
- There are three main classifications of neurons: sensory, motor, and interneurons
- Sensory neurons react to external stimuli and transmit information to the CNS
- Motor neurons transmit information from the CNS to muscles and glands, enabling physical changes
- Interneurons integrate sensory and motor information within the spinal cord
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