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Structure and Function of Messenger RNA (mRNA)

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Structure and Function of Messenger RNA (mRNA)

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Questions and Answers

What is the result of DNA replication in each daughter cell?

Each daughter cell contains DNA molecules with identical information to the parent. (correct)

Each daughter cell contains DNA molecules with different information from the parent.

Each daughter cell contains no DNA molecules.

Each daughter cell contains only one strand of DNA.

What is the sugar moiety found in RNA?

Fructose

Ribose (correct)

Glucose

Deoxyribose

What is the pyrimidine base found in RNA instead of thymine?

Guanine

Uracil (correct)

Cytosine

Adenine

What is the typical structure of RNA molecules?

Single-stranded Signup and view all the answers

During DNA replication, what serves as a template for the synthesis of new complementary strands?

Each strand of the double-stranded parent DNA molecule Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the phosphodiester bonds in RNA?

The formation of a phosphodiester bond between purines and pyrimidines Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of messenger RNA (mRNA) in the process of protein synthesis?

To convey information from a gene to the protein-synthesizing machinery Signup and view all the answers

What is the 5' terminal of mRNA capped with?

A 7-methylguanosine triphosphate Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the poly A tail in mRNA?

To stabilize the mRNA by preventing the attack of 3'-exonucleases Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of transfer RNA (tRNA) in protein synthesis?

To translate the information in mRNA into specific amino acids Signup and view all the answers

How many species of tRNA molecules are present in every cell?

At least 20 Signup and view all the answers

What is the length of tRNA molecules?

74-95 nucleotides Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ATP in cellular processes?

To donate chemical energy through hydrolysis of its terminal phosphoanhydride bond Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nucleotides is involved in signal transduction and can act antagonistically to cAMP?

cGMP Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of adenylyl cyclase in signal transduction?

To convert ATP into cAMP Signup and view all the answers

What is the monomer unit of nucleic acids?

Nucleotide Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cAMP in cellular processes?

To activate protein kinases Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of an increase in the level of cGMP in response to nitric oxide?

Relaxation of smooth muscle Signup and view all the answers