Structure and Function of Messenger RNA (mRNA)
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Questions and Answers

What is the result of DNA replication in each daughter cell?

  • Each daughter cell contains DNA molecules with identical information to the parent. (correct)
  • Each daughter cell contains DNA molecules with different information from the parent.
  • Each daughter cell contains no DNA molecules.
  • Each daughter cell contains only one strand of DNA.

    • What is the sugar moiety found in RNA?

  • Fructose
  • Ribose (correct)
  • Glucose
  • Deoxyribose

    • What is the pyrimidine base found in RNA instead of thymine?

  • Guanine
  • Uracil (correct)
  • Cytosine
  • Adenine

    • What is the typical structure of RNA molecules?

    <p>Single-stranded</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During DNA replication, what serves as a template for the synthesis of new complementary strands?

    <p>Each strand of the double-stranded parent DNA molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the phosphodiester bonds in RNA?

    <p>The formation of a phosphodiester bond between purines and pyrimidines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of messenger RNA (mRNA) in the process of protein synthesis?

    <p>To convey information from a gene to the protein-synthesizing machinery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 5' terminal of mRNA capped with?

    <p>A 7-methylguanosine triphosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the poly A tail in mRNA?

    <p>To stabilize the mRNA by preventing the attack of 3'-exonucleases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of transfer RNA (tRNA) in protein synthesis?

    <p>To translate the information in mRNA into specific amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many species of tRNA molecules are present in every cell?

    <p>At least 20</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the length of tRNA molecules?

    <p>74-95 nucleotides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of ATP in cellular processes?

    <p>To donate chemical energy through hydrolysis of its terminal phosphoanhydride bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nucleotides is involved in signal transduction and can act antagonistically to cAMP?

    <p>cGMP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of adenylyl cyclase in signal transduction?

    <p>To convert ATP into cAMP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the monomer unit of nucleic acids?

    <p>Nucleotide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of cAMP in cellular processes?

    <p>To activate protein kinases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of an increase in the level of cGMP in response to nitric oxide?

    <p>Relaxation of smooth muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

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