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What is the primary analogy used by structural functionalism to describe society?
According to the structural functionalist perspective, what must exist for society to function effectively?
Which assumption of structural functionalism relates to the interdependence of societal parts?
What concept does conflict theory emphasize as a source of societal issues?
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According to Marx, what is the primary relationship that influences social conflict in capitalist societies?
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What is one of the basic assumptions of conflict theory regarding resource distribution?
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How does structural functionalism view change within society?
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According to conflict theory, how do dominant groups maintain stability in society?
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What is the primary focus of functionalist theory in relation to gender inequality in education?
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Which sociological theory focuses on individual behaviours and the meanings attributed to interactions that lead to gender inequality?
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How is social stratification defined in the context of society?
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According to Max Weber, which of the following is NOT one of the elements of social stratification?
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What effect does social stratification have on school achievement?
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Which statement accurately reflects a consequence of social stratification?
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What aspect of societal development is emphasized as being greatly impacted by education?
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Which of the following best describes the approach of conflict theory regarding gender inequality in education?
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Study Notes
Structural Functionalism (Consensus Theory)
- Society is analogous to a human body; each part has a function necessary for the whole's survival.
- Elements of society, including individuals, groups, and institutions, cooperate for social stability.
- Integration: Society's parts are interdependent and work together.
- Consensus: Shared norms and values are essential for societal function and cooperation.
- Structure and Function: Every societal part must contribute to overall survival.
- Stability: While change is inevitable, it should be gradual and orderly to maintain social equilibrium.
Conflict Theory
- Originates from Karl Marx’s writings, emphasizing economic resources as the catalyst for social conflict.
- Highlights distinctions in capitalist society between capital owners and wage laborers.
- Exploitation of the working class leads to conflict over power and resources.
- Assumptions of conflict theory:
- Resource Disparity: Groups vary in resources, leading powerful groups to dominate.
- Competing Interests: Divergent interests create conflict among groups.
- Group Composition: Society consists of various competing groups (classes, races, etc.).
Sociological Theory and Education
- Sociological theories shed light on education's significance for societal development in Nigeria.
- Education viewed through different lenses:
- Functionalist Perspective: Examines gender inequality's performance and benefits based on abilities across sexes.
- Interactionist Focus: Explores how gender inequality influences behavior and perceptions in education.
- Conflict Theory: Analyzes how dominant genders impose educational disparities for their advantage.
Social Stratification
- Social stratification describes the unequal distribution of valued resources in society.
- It includes ranking of social groups based on power, wealth, and prestige, forming distinct layers or strata.
- Members of the same stratum share a common identity, lifestyles, and interests, often perceiving themselves as superior to others.
- Max Weber identified three fundamental elements of stratification:
- Class: Economic standing and social status.
- Status: Social prestige and group affiliations.
- Power: Influence and control over resources and decisions.
Social Stratification and School Achievement
- Social stratification directly influences school achievement based on class, status, or power.
- Individuals' social positions can emerge from personal effort, creating competition within the education system.
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Description
Explore the principles of structural functionalism, a sociological perspective that likens society to a human body with interdependent parts. This quiz delves into the theories presented by Perilous and others, focusing on how various groups and institutions contribute to societal stability and survival.
