Stress Response Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which system in the body is responsible for the 'fight-or-flight' response to stress?

  • Endocrine system
  • Respiratory system
  • Immune system
  • Nervous system (correct)

    • Which hormone inhibits amygdala activity and the release of cortisol in response to stress?

  • Vasopressin
  • Cortisol
  • Oxytocin (correct)
  • Norepinephrine

    • What is the term used to describe the seeking out of stable friendship networks for support in response to stress?

  • Tend-and-befriend (correct)
  • Problem-focused coping
  • Fight-or-flight
  • Emotion-focused coping

    • Which type of personality is more likely to experience a heart attack?

    <p>Type A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the study of the relationship between the immune system and nervous system functioning called?

    <p>Psychoneuroimmunology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which coping strategy involves finding ways to reduce the negative effects of emotions?

    <p>Emotion-focused coping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory suggests that positive emotions can broaden our thought processes and build new resources?

    <p>Broaden-and-build theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor associated with increased rates of adolescent smoking?

    <p>Low socioeconomic status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the efforts to prevent smoking mentioned in the text?

    <p>Banning smoking in public places</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between poverty and health?

    <p>Positive correlation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the negative health consequences associated with loneliness and social isolation?

    <p>Increased risk of heart disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary appraisal in the cognitive appraisal theory of stress?

    <p>Perception of potential threat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the physiological response to stress called?

    <p>Stress response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What theory of stress responses involves stages of alarm, resistance, and exhaustion?

    <p>General Adaptation Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the copyright of the Powerpoint presentation and accompanying lecture?

    <p>Students enrolled in PSYC 1200, A01, Summer 2023, at the University of Manitoba can use the slides and lecture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of Canadian adults smoke cigarettes as of 2021?

    <p>12.9%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What health conditions are associated with smoking cigarettes?

    <p>Lung, mouth, throat cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much shorter is the life expectancy of smokers compared to non-smokers?

    <p>7 - 14 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the topic of the lecture mentioned in the text?

    <p>Behaviour and Health: Smoking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is expressly prohibited in relation to the lectures mentioned in the text?

    <p>Unauthorized or commercial use of the lectures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the trend in Canadian adult smoking rates from 2012 to 2021?

    <p>Decrease from 19.9% to 12.9%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of optimism?

    <p>Tendency to have a favourable view on situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correlation between pessimism and mortality rate?

    <p>Increased mortality rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is resilience?

    <p>Ability to effectively recover from illness or adversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is post-traumatic growth?

    <p>Capacity to grow and experience positive effects in response to negative events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meditation associated with?

    <p>Reduced levels of anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is yoga associated with?

    <p>Lower levels of physical and mental stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is learned helplessness?

    <p>Suppression of avoidance or escape behavior in response to unpleasant, uncontrollable circumstances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens in the brain during learned helplessness?

    <p>Brainstem produces a stress response that is uninhibited by the Frontal Lobes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is compensatory control?

    <p>Psychological strategies people use to preserve a sense of non-random order when personal control is compromised</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization created the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)?

    <p>American Psychiatric Association</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the current version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)?

    <p>DSM-5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many categories does the DSM divide mental illnesses into?

    <p>19</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe thoughts, feelings, or behaviors that are maladaptive?

    <p>Abnormal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which behavior does not necessarily indicate a psychological disorder?

    <p>Responding to the same types of treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?

    <p>Elevated levels of anxiety in response to everyday challenges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Panic Disorder from Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?

    <p>Short intervals of severe anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are panic attacks?

    <p>Brief moments of extreme anxiety with physical arousal and frightening thoughts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of Social Anxiety Disorder?

    <p>Very strong fear of being judged or embarrassed in public</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?

    <p>Unwanted, persistent thoughts and engagement in repetitive behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cluster of personality disorders is characterized by odd and eccentric behaviors?

    <p>Cluster A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which personality disorder is characterized by a preoccupation with the belief that other people are attempting to harm or deceive them?

    <p>Paranoid Personality Disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which personality disorder is characterized by individuals who are socially detached, do not desire close relationships, and do not find most activities enjoyable?

    <p>Schizoid Personality Disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which personality disorder is characterized by individuals who switch between extreme positive and negative emotions, demonstrate an unstable sense of self, impulsivity, and have difficulty maintaining social relationships?

    <p>Borderline Personality Disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cluster of personality disorders is characterized by dramatic and erratic behaviors?

    <p>Cluster B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD)?

    <p>An excessive need for attention and admiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of Histrionic Personality Disorder (HPD)?

    <p>Excessive attention seeking and dramatic behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD)?

    <p>A profound lack of empathy or emotional connection with others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a factor that may contribute to Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD)?

    <p>A troubled upbringing, trauma, and abuse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Approximately what percentage of people with Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD) could also be diagnosed with psychopathy?

    <p>15-20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following personality disorders is characterized by excessive need for reassurance and help with decision making?

    <p>Dependent Personality Disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of Cluster C Personality Disorders?

    <p>Feelings of anxiety and nervousness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disorder is characterized by avoidance of social interactions due to feeling inadequate and fearing rejection?

    <p>Avoidant Personality Disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the category of mental disorders characterized by a split between a person's conscious awareness and their feelings, cognitions, memory, and identity?

    <p>Dissociative Disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the population is estimated to be affected by Dissociative Identity Disorder?

    <p>1.5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which brain area is responsible for positive rewards and may experience reduced ability to feel pleasure in individuals with depression?

    <p>Nucleus accumbens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the reduced ability to feel pleasure in individuals with depression?

    <p>Anhedonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of schizophrenia is characterized by confusion, difficulty organizing thoughts, loss of interest, withdrawal from friends and family, and general loss of motivation?

    <p>Prodromal Phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe beliefs that are not based on or well integrated with reality in individuals with schizophrenia?

    <p>Delusions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which brain area is particularly affected in individuals with schizophrenia, leading to lowered activity in frontal lobes and potential attentional difficulties?

    <p>Frontal lobes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?

    <p>Frequently elevated levels of anxiety in response to everyday challenges and stresses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which brain region is larger and more sensitive to stressors in individuals with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?

    <p>Amygdala</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of Panic Disorder?

    <p>Frequent panic attacks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are panic attacks?

    <p>Brief moments of extreme anxiety that include a rush of physical arousal paired with frightening thoughts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of Major Depression?

    <p>Prolonged periods of sadness and feelings of worthlessness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) is the most current?

    <p>DSM-5-TR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)?

    <p>To classify psychological disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of maladaptive behavior?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many categories does the DSM-5-TR divide mental illnesses into?

    <p>19</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the copyright mentioned in the text?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cluster of personality disorders is characterized by odd and eccentric behaviors?

    <p>Cluster A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of Paranoid Personality Disorder (PPD)?

    <p>Belief that others are trying to harm or deceive them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which personality disorder is associated with a smaller left Superior Temporal Gyrus?

    <p>Schizotypal Personality Disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cluster of personality disorders is characterized by dramatic and erratic behaviors?

    <p>Cluster B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)?

    <p>Switching between extreme positive and negative emotions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which personality disorder is characterized by excessive attention seeking and dramatic behavior?

    <p>Histrionic Personality Disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that distinguishes Histrionic Personality Disorder from other disorders?

    <p>Flamboyant and exhibitionistic behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of Antisocial Personality Disorder?

    <p>Profound lack of empathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Approximately what percentage of people with Antisocial Personality Disorder could also be diagnosed with psychopathy?

    <p>15-20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor assessed by the Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL_R)?

    <p>Interpersonal/Emotional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which brain area is responsible for positive rewards and may experience reduced ability to feel pleasure in individuals with depression?

    <p>Nucleus accumbens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of Bipolar Disorder?

    <p>Extreme highs and lows in mood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concordance rate of schizophrenia in identical twins?

    <p>25-50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of schizophrenia is characterized by delusional thoughts, hallucinations, and disorganized patterns of thoughts, emotions, and behavior?

    <p>Active Phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe beliefs that are not based on or well integrated with reality, such as 'Delusions of grandeur'?

    <p>Delusions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of Avoidant Personality Disorder (AvPD)?

    <p>Avoidance of social interactions due to feeling inadequate and fearing rejection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of Dependent Personality Disorder (DPD)?

    <p>Excessive reliance on, and attachment to others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which personality disorder is characterized by being unusually focused on perfection, details, organization, productivity?

    <p>Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)?

    <p>Split between a person's conscious awareness and their feelings, cognitions, memory, and identity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary characteristics of Cluster C Personality Disorders?

    <p>Excessive need to be cared for</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which behavior has been extensively studied in relation to health and is associated with various diseases?

    <p>Tobacco use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the current smoking rate among Canadian adults?

    <p>12.9%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the potential consequences of smoking cigarettes?

    <p>Shortened life expectancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is prohibited without official permission of Ryan Langridge?

    <p>Recording audio and/or video</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is expressly prohibited in relation to the lectures?

    <p>Unauthorized or commercial use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the text?

    <p>Behaviour and Health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the text?

    <p>To raise awareness about smoking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the set of physiological changes that occur in response to psychological or physical threats?

    <p>Fight-or-flight response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone inhibits amygdala activity and the release of cortisol in response to stress?

    <p>Oxytocin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the study of the relationship between the immune system and nervous system functioning?

    <p>Psychoneuroimmunology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the processes used to manage demands, stress, and conflict?

    <p>Coping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory suggests that positive emotions help people broaden their thought processes and build new intellectual, social, and physical resources?

    <p>Broaden-and-Build Theory of Positive Emotions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which personality type is more likely to experience a heart attack?

    <p>Type A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect do positive emotions have on attentional focus?

    <p>Expand attentional focus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the association between exposure to movies featuring smoking and smoking in adolescence?

    <p>Exposure to movies featuring smoking is associated with smoking in adolescence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of watching scenes that involve smoking?

    <p>Watching scenes that involve smoking increases the likelihood of smoking after viewing the scene.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the prevalence of smoking in movies and adolescent smoking rates?

    <p>As the prevalence of smoking in movies increases, adolescent smoking rates decrease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some efforts to prevent smoking mentioned in the text?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between poverty and health?

    <p>Poverty is positively correlated with worse health.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between prejudice and discrimination and health?

    <p>Prejudice and discrimination are positively correlated with worse health.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between family and social environment and health?

    <p>Long-term isolation is more dangerous than smoking, obesity, and high blood pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of optimism?

    <p>Tendency to have a favourable, constructive view on situations and to expect positive outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a factor that may contribute to resilience?

    <p>Personality and emotional characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is associated with post-traumatic growth?

    <p>Increased feelings of inner-strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of meditation?

    <p>Shift in consciousness to a state in which an individual is highly focused, aware, and in control of mental processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of yoga?

    <p>Directed breathing while moving body into specific poses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of learned helplessness?

    <p>Learned suppression of avoidance or escape behavior in response to unpleasant, uncontrollable circumstances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is compensatory control?

    <p>Psychological strategies people use to preserve a sense of non-random order when personal control is compromised</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the effects of exercise on the brain?

    <p>Development of new nerve cells in the hippocampus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens in the brain during learned helplessness?

    <p>Brainstem produces a stress response that is uninhibited by the Frontal Lobes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Stress Response and Hormones

    • The autonomic nervous system triggers the 'fight-or-flight' response to stress.
    • Cortisol release is inhibited by the hormone serotonin, which also reduces amygdala activity.

    Social Support and Stress

    • The seeking of stable friendship networks for support during stress is referred to as social buffering.
    • Type A personality is more likely to experience heart attacks due to stress-related factors.

    Health and Behavior

    • Psychoneuroimmunology is the study focused on the interplay between the immune system and nervous system.
    • Emotion-focused coping strategies are designed to reduce negative emotional impacts.

    Positive Psychology Theories

    • The Broaden-and-Build theory posits that positive emotions expand cognitive processes and create new resources.
    • The percentage of Canadian adults who smoked cigarettes as of 2021 is approximately 15%.

    Smoking and Health

    • Adverse health conditions linked to smoking include lung cancer, heart disease, and respiratory illnesses.
    • Smokers have a life expectancy reduced by about 10 years compared to non-smokers.

    Social Isolation

    • Loneliness and social isolation can lead to negative health outcomes, including increased cardiovascular risks.
    • Primary appraisal in cognitive appraisal theory evaluates potential threats against individual well-being.

    Stress Physiology

    • The physiological response to stress is commonly referred to as the stress response.
    • Stress response theory includes three stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion.

    Mental Health Disorders

    • Maladaptive thoughts, feelings, or behaviors suggest psychological disorders.
    • Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is characterized by excessive anxiety and worry across various contexts.

    Panic and Anxiety Disorders

    • Panic Disorder is distinguished from GAD by the occurrence of panic attacks, which are sudden periods of intense fear.
    • Social Anxiety Disorder primarily involves an intense fear of social interactions or performance situations.

    Personality Disorders

    • Odd and eccentric behaviors characterize the Cluster A personality disorders, such as Paranoid Personality Disorder (PPD).
    • Histrionic Personality Disorder involves excessive attention-seeking and dramatic behavior.

    Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD)

    • APD can involve tendencies toward manipulation, deceit, and lack of empathy.
    • Approximately 25% of individuals with APD may also display traits of psychopathy.

    Cognitive Function and Disorders

    • The brain's frontal lobes show reduced activity in persons with schizophrenia, affecting attention and cognitive control.
    • Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) is associated with having two or more distinct identity states or personalities.
    • Smoker rates in Canada showed a declining trend from 2012 to 2021, reflecting public health efforts.
    • The primary focus of current mental health texts often includes the impact of behavioral issues on physical health.

    Treatment and Management

    • Meditation and yoga are both associated with reductions in stress and anxiety levels.
    • Resilience involves the ability to adapt and recover from adversity and stress.

    Important Terminologies

    • The term "maladaptive behavior" describes actions that hinder daily functioning and overall well-being.
    • Compensatory control refers to the psychological mechanisms individuals employ to handle perceived losses of control.
    • Copyright infringement regarding lecture materials prohibits reproduction without express permission from the creator.
    • The DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) categorizes mental illnesses into specific diagnostic criteria and classifications.

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    Related Documents

    Introduction to Psychology Lecture Notes PDF
    Introduction to Psychology PSYC 1200 (A01) PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the physiological response to stress with this quiz. Learn about the fight-or-flight response and the role of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis.

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