Stress Research by Hans Selye

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Questions and Answers

Which physiological changes are associated with long-term stress in the cardiovascular system?

Increased heart rate and blood pressure (correct)

Lower levels of stress hormones

Enhanced lung capacity

Decreased muscle tension

What is a common cognitive manifestation of stress?

Lack of focus (correct)

Increased appetite

Heightened creativity

Excessive relaxation

Which coping technique can help alleviate feelings of being overwhelmed?

Discussing less with others

Avoiding all forms of exercise

Ignoring stress entirely

Setting plans and creating schedules (correct)

How does stress affect the endocrine system?

Increases adrenal gland function Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following emotional behaviors is NOT commonly associated with stress?

Constant relaxation Signup and view all the answers

What long-term digestive issue can stress lead to?

Development of ulcers Signup and view all the answers

What role does laughter play as a coping technique?

Relieves stress by stimulating organs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential long-term consequence of chronic stress on mental health?

Diminished effectiveness of disease-fighting hormones Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes positive stress from negative stress?

Positive stress enhances productivity and alertness. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of episodic acute stress?

A tendency to focus on the positive outcomes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the physiological response when a stressor is encountered?

Cortisol and adrenaline enter the bloodstream. Signup and view all the answers

What type of stress is considered the most damaging?

Chronic stress. Signup and view all the answers

What role does the prefrontal cortex play in stress responses?

It controls impulsive reactions to stress. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT typically a source of stress for adolescents?

Physical health problems. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the impact of stress on adolescents is true?

Chronic stress can lead to increased vulnerability to depression. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common trait of individuals suffering from episodic acute stress?

They tend to worry excessively about the past. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hans Selye and Stress Research

Hans Selye is known as the "Father of Stress Research" for defining stress.
Stress is a non-specific response of the body to any demand, encompassing physical, mental, and emotional challenges.
A stressor is any stimulus that triggers a stress response.

Types of Stress

Positive Stress: Enhances alertness, productivity, motivation, and physical performance; beneficial if temporary.
Negative Stress: Occurs when stress reaches a tipping point leading to physical or emotional damage.

Acute and Chronic Stress

Acute Stress: Common, short-term stress related to everyday situations.
Episodic Acute Stress: Frequent occurrence of acute stress; individuals may exhibit impatience and short-tempered behavior, often described as "worry warts" or "Type A personalities."
Chronic Stress: Long-lasting and damaging; can lead to hopelessness and may arise from trauma.

Adolescence and Stress Vulnerability

Adolescence is a challenging period marked by significant changes and stressors.
The hypothalamus releases adrenaline and cortisol during stress, increasing blood pressure and heart rate.
Adolescents' brains are still maturing, making them more vulnerable to stress and its effects, potentially increasing risks for depression and suicide.

Sources of Stress in Adolescents

Social Pressures: Peer competition and peer pressure.
Family Relationships: Changes in family dynamics can cause stress.
Academic Pressure: Stress to perform well in school.
Self-Doubt: Fear of inadequacy and not reaching potential.

Manifestations of Stress

Physical: Weight changes, chronic fatigue, persistent aches.
Cognitive: Impaired focus, forgetfulness, pervasive negative thinking.
Emotional/Behavioral: Increased crying, impatience, anxiety, and irritability.

Long-Term Effects of Stress

Musculoskeletal System: Muscle tension and pain.
Respiratory System: Breathing difficulties; can worsen asthma and trigger panic attacks.
Cardiovascular System: Increased heart rate and blood pressure; risk for heart disease.
Endocrine System: Elevated cortisol can lead to diabetes over time.
Digestive System: Changes in appetite can result in obesity or malnutrition; potential for ulcers.
Reproductive System: Can affect hormonal levels and reproductive health in both genders.
General Health: Chronic stress weakens the immune system and may increase susceptibility to illnesses.

Coping Techniques

Time Management: Organize tasks and create schedules to reduce feelings of being overwhelmed.
Communication: Discuss stressors with others; seeking professional help is beneficial.
Laughter: Stimulates relaxation and relieves stress.
Rest: Ensures physical and mental recharging; enhances goal accomplishment.
Physical Activity: Regular exercise improves mood and helps manage stress.

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Description

Explore the groundbreaking work of Hans Selye, the 'Father of Stress Research', and his definition of stress as a non-specific response to demands. This quiz delves into concepts like positive and negative stress, the body's hormonal changes, and the effects of stressors. Understand how stress influences our physical, mental, and emotional well-being.