Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a key feature of cognitive restructuring in coping strategies?
What is a key feature of cognitive restructuring in coping strategies?
- Finding someone else to blame
- Mourning over the situation
- Reassessing a situation for a positive spin (correct)
- Avoiding the problem entirely
Which method is classified as a form of emotional focus in coping strategies?
Which method is classified as a form of emotional focus in coping strategies?
- Socializing to alleviate stress
- Creating a detailed action plan
- Rumination on negative experiences (correct)
- Problem-solving discussions
What detrimental impact can stress have on physical health?
What detrimental impact can stress have on physical health?
- Increases immunity to diseases
- Improves psychological well-being
- Promotes weight loss
- Leads to coronary artery disease (correct)
What is an example of a behavioral approach to coping with stress?
What is an example of a behavioral approach to coping with stress?
Which of the following is NOT a type of social support?
Which of the following is NOT a type of social support?
How does stress affect the immune system?
How does stress affect the immune system?
Which coping strategy involves actively seeking information to resolve problems?
Which coping strategy involves actively seeking information to resolve problems?
In which situation would finding meaning in a traumatic experience be most applicable?
In which situation would finding meaning in a traumatic experience be most applicable?
Which of the following is considered a coping strategy in response to stress?
Which of the following is considered a coping strategy in response to stress?
What is one potential physiological response to stress?
What is one potential physiological response to stress?
According to the person-situation interaction model, what factors contribute to the intensity of stress experienced?
According to the person-situation interaction model, what factors contribute to the intensity of stress experienced?
What negative effect might stress have on a person's health?
What negative effect might stress have on a person's health?
The Holmes and Rahe Stress Scale is used to assess what aspect of stress?
The Holmes and Rahe Stress Scale is used to assess what aspect of stress?
Which of the following is NOT a component of cognitive appraisal in the context of stress?
Which of the following is NOT a component of cognitive appraisal in the context of stress?
What does the term 'chronicity' refer to in the context of stress?
What does the term 'chronicity' refer to in the context of stress?
Which cognitive appraisal outcome might lead to increased feelings of hopelessness in a stressed individual?
Which cognitive appraisal outcome might lead to increased feelings of hopelessness in a stressed individual?
What role does emotional-focused coping play in managing stress?
What role does emotional-focused coping play in managing stress?
Which of the following is a potential cognitive response to stress?
Which of the following is a potential cognitive response to stress?
What type of coping strategy involves finding methods to minimize the impact of a stressor?
What type of coping strategy involves finding methods to minimize the impact of a stressor?
Which physiological response is primarily associated with the activation of the Sympathetic Adreno-Medullary (SAM) system?
Which physiological response is primarily associated with the activation of the Sympathetic Adreno-Medullary (SAM) system?
What is the term used to describe how an individual interprets a stressor within the context of their own resources?
What is the term used to describe how an individual interprets a stressor within the context of their own resources?
What negative effect of stress is associated with a heightened susceptibility to illness?
What negative effect of stress is associated with a heightened susceptibility to illness?
Which of the following is not a component of the HPA axis?
Which of the following is not a component of the HPA axis?
Which coping strategy primarily involves seeking out others for emotional support?
Which coping strategy primarily involves seeking out others for emotional support?
How can stress impact health according to the physiological responses outlined?
How can stress impact health according to the physiological responses outlined?
What aspect of situational stress refers to how predictable a stressor is?
What aspect of situational stress refers to how predictable a stressor is?
Study Notes
What is Stress?
- Defined as both a stimulus and a response involving cognitive appraisals, physiological responses, and behavioral tendencies.
- A person’s situation may create stress when demands exceed coping resources (e.g., exams, personal issues, and breakdowns).
Types of Stress Responses
- Stimulus: Stress perceived through external events leading to feelings of pressure.
- Response: Feelings such as tension, irritability, trouble concentrating, and insomnia.
Person-Situation Interaction
- Stress is influenced by:
- Situational Components: Intensity, duration, predictability, controllability, and chronicity.
- Internal Processes: Cognitive appraisal, physiological responses, and coping strategies.
Physiological Responses to Stress
- Sympathetic-Adreno-Medullary System (SAM): Involves norepinephrine and epinephrine, enhancing alertness.
- Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenocortical System (HPA): Releases cortisol, helping the body manage stress over longer periods.
Coping Strategies
- Problem-Focused: Directly addressing the stressor through problem-solving and cognitive restructuring.
- Emotion-Focused: Managing emotional responses through techniques like emotional expression and self-blame.
- Avoidance: Includes strategies like distraction, denial, or humor to evade the stressor.
Types of Social Support
- Appraisal Support: Providing guidance and information.
- Belonging Support: Ensuring emotional connections.
- Tangible Support: Offering practical help to alleviate stress.
Therapeutic Approaches
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Addresses thought patterns contributing to stress.
- Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT): Encourages acceptance of thoughts and feelings.
- Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT): Focuses on emotional regulation and interpersonal effectiveness.
- Pharmacotherapy: Medications like SSRIs to manage stress symptoms.
Impact of Stress on Health
- Psychological Well-Being: High levels of stress can lead to conditions such as PTSD, as seen in soldiers exposed to combat trauma.
- Physical Illness: Links between workplace stress and heart diseases, especially in men aged 47 to 55.
- Immune System: Increased stress can lead to higher rates of respiratory infections in children following stressful life events.
Conclusion
- Understanding stress and coping mechanisms is crucial for improving psychological well-being, managing physical health, and supporting the immune system.
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Description
In this lecture, Associate Professor Damian Scarf discusses the concept of stress, how individuals cope with it, and its overall impact on health. The session examines stress as both a stimulus and a response, highlighting the interactions between person and situation. Gain insights into the various facets of stress and its significance to well-being.
