Strategic Corporate Sustainability
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Questions and Answers

According to Johnson and Scholes' definition, what is the primary goal of a successful strategy?

  • To achieve a competitive advantage by strategically allocating resources in response to environmental changes, market demands, and stakeholder expectations. (correct)
  • To focus on internal efficiency without regard for external stakeholders.
  • To solely maximize short-term profits for shareholders.
  • To minimize risk by avoiding new product markets.

Which characteristic is NOT typically associated with strategic decisions as described in the provided definition?

  • Focus on the entire firm.
  • Aimed at fulfilling stakeholder expectations.
  • Concentrated on short-term operational efficiency. (correct)
  • Oriented towards the future.

How does a future orientation relate to strategic corporate sustainability?

  • It prioritizes short-term gains at the expense of future environmental impacts.
  • It focuses solely on current market trends without long-term consideration.
  • It accounts for the long-term implications of decisions, aligning with the extended timeframe of corporate strategy. (correct)
  • It ensures immediate cost reductions in sustainable practices.

What is the role of sustainability professionals in organizations?

<p>Individuals responsible for advancing and implementing sustainability initiatives. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company is deciding whether to invest in a new technology that reduces carbon emissions but has a high initial cost. How would a sustainability professional approach this decision, considering organizational embeddedness?

<p>Analyze how the technology aligns with the company's long-term sustainability goals, overall strategy, and potential stakeholder benefits, despite the initial cost. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a scenario where a manufacturing company is weighing two options: using recycled materials which are slightly more expensive or continuing with cheaper, non-recycled materials. How would a sustainability professional apply a future-oriented perspective to this decision?

<p>Evaluate the long-term environmental impact and potential cost savings from resource efficiency and enhanced brand reputation associated with using recycled materials. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A software company is developing a new product. From a strategic corporate sustainability perspective, what should the company consider regarding organizational embeddedness?

<p>Integrate sustainability considerations into the product's design, marketing, and lifecycle, aligning with the company's overall commitment to sustainability. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A retail company is reviewing its supply chain. How would a sustainability professional's tasks influence decisions related to suppliers?

<p>Assess and monitor suppliers' sustainability practices, ensuring alignment with the company's environmental and ethical standards. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company is deciding whether to offshore its production to a country with lower labor costs. From a Corporate Sustainability perspective, what should the company prioritize?

<p>Balancing economic benefits with the social impact on workers in both countries and environmental considerations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When integrating Responsibility, Ethics, and Sustainability (RES) into management processes, what is the MOST crucial initial step for a company?

<p>Conducting a thorough assessment of the company's current practices and their impact on stakeholders and the environment. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary challenge sustainability professionals face when trying to implement their projects?

<p>Decoupling of mainstream business strategies from sustainability strategies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action BEST describes the role of a CSR professional when faced with a conflict between maximizing profit and minimizing environmental impact?

<p>Seek a solution that balances profitability with environmental stewardship, considering long-term sustainability. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company discovers that a supplier is using child labor. What is the MOST ethically responsible course of action for the company?

<p>Work with the supplier to develop and implement a plan to eliminate child labor, while providing support and monitoring progress. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do sustainability professionals typically seek to increase their influence within an organization?

<p>By creating a network of internal allies and making sustainability issues emotionally appealing. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios BEST exemplifies a company effectively balancing ecological, social, and economic systems?

<p>A company reduces its carbon footprint by implementing energy-efficient technologies, invests in employee training and development, and maintains profitability. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why can it be difficult to measure the success of sustainability initiatives?

<p>Because sustainability is a complex concept involving ethical, social, and environmental dimensions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company is considering implementing a new technology that will significantly reduce waste but will require a substantial upfront investment. How should the company evaluate this decision from a Corporate Sustainability perspective?

<p>Consider the long-term environmental benefits, cost savings, and potential for enhanced brand reputation, as well as the initial investment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common organizational impediment to implementing sustainable practices?

<p>Resistance to change, especially when it threatens established business practices. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean for an individual action to become ‘official’ within an organization, according to the text?

<p>The action should be seen as an action of the organisation, under specified conditions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the MOST important ethical consideration for a company when collecting and using customer data?

<p>Ensuring transparency and obtaining informed consent from customers regarding how their data will be used. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A mining company operates in a region inhabited by an indigenous community. What should be the company's PRIMARY ethical responsibility towards this community?

<p>Engaging in meaningful consultation with the community, respecting their cultural heritage, and mitigating negative impacts on their livelihoods. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of sustainability goals being at odds with the mainstream business strategy?

<p>Sustainability strategy can face severe challenges in acceptance and legitimisation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is most likely to cause difficulties in implementing sustainability strategies in a business?

<p>The inherent complexity of sustainability, which requires balancing ethical, social and environmental concerns. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company is developing a strategic plan for corporate sustainability. Which of the following considerations is MOST critical for ensuring the plan's long-term success?

<p>Aligning ESG issues with the company's long-term goals and competitive environment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do organizational changes often meet resistance?

<p>Because changes may threaten tried-and-trusted business practices. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When strategically engaging with corporate sustainability, what is the primary reason for a company to monitor stakeholder expectations?

<p>To proactively manage relevant expectations and identify potential early warning signals. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A sustainability professional is trying to balance mandatory carbon emission reductions with the voluntary implementation of a community support program. Which key tension of corporate sustainability are they directly navigating?

<p>Mandatory vs. Voluntary. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of corporate sustinability what creates essential but complex challenges for an organization?

<p>Balancing economic, social, and environment goals. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the 'Economic vs. Social/Environmental' tension in corporate sustainability?

<p>A company deciding whether to invest in renewable energy or continue using cheaper, non-renewable sources. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

One approach sustinability professionals utilize to improve implementation of their projects is:

<p>Issue Selling. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A global corporation is deciding whether to implement a uniform sustainability initiative across all its locations or to adapt its approach to meet the specific needs of the local communities in which it operates. Which key tension of corporate sustainability is most evident in this scenario?

<p>Global vs. Local (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sustainability professionals often experience tension between commercial goals and sustainability goals. How should these conflicting goals be addressed for an effective sustainability strategy?

<p>Address both goals simultaneously as part of a triple bottom line approach. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common challenge faced by sustainability professionals when trying to implement sustainability initiatives within their organizations?

<p>Perceiving the task as very difficult with limited resources and support. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A sustainability professional is tasked with reducing a company's carbon footprint while also improving its financial performance. To be successful, which approach should the professional prioritize?

<p>Implementing cost-effective measures for carbon reduction that also enhance efficiency and profitability. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of business, what is the primary role of ethical reflection?

<p>To offer a foundation for making responsible, sustainable decisions, complementing regulation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key skill must sustainability professionals develop to effectively promote sustainability within their organizations?

<p>The capacity to act as change agents, balancing stakeholder interests amid organizational challenges. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes 'managing decoupling' as a practical tool for sustainability?

<p>A technique for embedding sustainability into corporate strategies. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should responsible management approach ethical dilemmas involving short-term pressures and long-term sustainability goals?

<p>By reconciling short-term pressures with long-term sustainability goals. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Ethics Fishbowl activity, what is the role of the outer-circle group during the inner-circle discussion?

<p>To observe the discussion silently and take notes on the dynamics and arguments presented. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of the Ethics Fishbowl activity?

<p>To provide a structured environment for discussing and analyzing ethical dilemmas and responsibilities in management. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the inner-circle discussion in the Ethics Fishbowl, how are participants expected to engage with the provided statements?

<p>By arguing from the perspective of the statement they agree with more, as if it were their own. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After the two rounds of the Ethics Fishbowl activity, what is the next step?

<p>Groups share their reflections on the inner-circle discussions and observer-role insights. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the primary role of the 'outer circle' participants during the group discussions?

<p>Silently observing the behaviors and noting discussion points and attitudes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Statement 1 suggests that incorporating sustainability into daily operations introduces 'unnecessary complexity'. What underlying assumption is most likely driving this perspective?

<p>Sustainability practices are inherently less efficient and more costly than traditional business practices. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Group B's discussion, what is the most significant long-term risk of consistently prioritizing business goals over ethical standards?

<p>Damage to the company's reputation and erosion of public trust. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely reason for providing instructors with practical tips emphasizing that observers work individually and need the prompts for reference?

<p>To address common misconceptions and ensure observers fulfill their intended role effectively. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Statement 2 says 'Sustainability is non-negotiable'. What is the most likely reason for a manager to take this stance?

<p>Recognizing the interconnectedness of environmental, social, and economic systems and the long-term benefits of sustainability. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most significant challenge in balancing ethical standards and business goals, as highlighted by the discussion prompts?

<p>Short-term financial pressures often conflict with long-term ethical considerations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company decides to cut corners on safety regulations to increase short-term profits, aligning with Statement 1 from Group B. What potential long-term consequence could arise from this decision?

<p>Increased risk of accidents, lawsuits, and damage to the company's reputation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most effective strategy to reconcile the opposing views presented in both Group A and Group B's discussions?

<p>Finding innovative solutions that simultaneously address ethical, environmental, and economic goals. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Corporate Sustainability

Managing and balancing an enterprise's embeddedness in ecological, social, and economic systems to create long-term positive impact.

Sustainability Aims

Balancing social, environmental, and economic interests while conducting business operations.

Ethical Leadership

The capacity to act with integrity and accountability, considering the impact on society.

Responsibilities in management

Being responsible means incorporating social and environmental strategies.

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Corporate sustainability focus

Focuses on social welfare, ecological balance, and stakeholder value.

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Corporation impact

Corporations impact and are impacted by various natural systems.

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Tensions Around Sustainability

Concerns around ecological, social, and economic issues.

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Leadership Competencies

Ethical leadership includes integrity and societal impact.

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Strategy

The direction and scope of an organisation over the long term to achieve an advantage.

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Strategic Decisions

Decisions that concern the entire firm, like entering a product market.

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Strategic Decisions and the Future

Forward-looking reflections that anticipate the future, but may be risky.

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Strategic Decisions Aim

Aiming to gain a competitive edge and meet stakeholder expectations.

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Sustainability Professionals

People responsible for advancing and implementing sustainability within organizations.

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Tasks of Sustainability Professionals

Analyzing, controlling, and advancing sustainability efforts in organizations.

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Organisational Embeddedness

Embedding sustainability into organizational practices whenever and wherever relevant.

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Future Orientation

Corporate strategy considers the company's long-term direction.

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Sustainability in Management

Considering environmental and social factors in decision-making.

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Sustainability as a Duty

A manager's duty to incorporate environmental and social considerations into every decision for long-term success.

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Ethical Standards vs. Business Goals

Balancing competing priorities when ethical standards conflict with business goals.

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Business Goals Priority

Prioritizing business goals over strict ethical standards to remain competitive.

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Ethics-Driven Decisions

Allowing ethical standards to guide every decision, even when it impacts short-term gains.

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Prompt Recall

Actively recalling the prompt questions to stay focused during the discussion.

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Individual Observation

Taking personal notes instead of relying on others in a group.

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Visual Prompts

Projecting guiding questions helps students stay focused and engaged in the discussion.

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Strategic Corporate Sustainability

Identifying ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) issues that align with a corporation's long-term goals and competitive environment.

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Alignment with Key Resources

Ensuring strategic plans are supported by the firm's available or developable resources.

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Stakeholder Expectation Consideration

Proactively managing stakeholder expectations by looking for early warning signals.

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Shareholder vs. Stakeholder Tension

The inherent conflict between maximizing profit for shareholders and considering social/environmental impacts.

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Economic vs. Social/Environmental Tension

The conflict between focusing on economic goals versus social and environmental goals.

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Internalisation vs. Externalities

The tension between handling impacts within the company versus the broader external effects.

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Mandatory vs. Voluntary Actions

The contrast between actions required by law and those that are voluntary.

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Global vs. Local Impact

The push and pull between actions that have global implications versus local effects.

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Role of Ethics

Ethical reflection is a complement to regulation, supporting responsible decision-making for sustainable business practices.

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Practical Tools

Techniques that facilitate the integration of sustainability into a company's strategic plans and operations.

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Ethical Dilemmas

Situations where managers must balance short-term demands with long-term sustainability goals.

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Responsible Management

Responsible management requires balancing immediate pressures with lasting sustainability objectives.

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Ethics Fishbowl

A small group activity designed to facilitate discussion and observation of ethical dilemmas.

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Fishbowl Objective

To promote discussion on integrating ethics and sustainability into management and to observe related debates.

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Fishbowl Steps

Inner circle discusses statements, while outer circle observes and takes notes, then roles reverse.

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Official Action Rules

Rules that determine when individual actions are considered official actions of the organization.

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Issue-Selling

The act of sustainability professionals promoting their projects within an organization.

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Decoupling

The separation of sustainability and mainstream business strategies within an organization, causing conflict. This is a root cause of sustainability projects' implementation difficulties

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Internal Influence Tactics

Building internal alliances, appealing to emotions, and adapting language to boost internal influence.

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Sustainability Strategy Challenges

Organization's sustainability goals are often at odds with its primary business strategy.

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Sustainability Implementation Difficulties

Difficulty measuring sustainability, resistance to internal organizational change, and the inherent complexity when balancing ethical, social, and environmental concerns.

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Measuring Sustainability

It can be hard to quantify and define what it truly means for a company to be sustainable.

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Resistance to Change

Resistance from the internal organization to changing established practices or creating new sustainable practices.

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Sustainability Complexity

The complex nature of sustainability requires companies to deal with ethical, social, and environmental issues all at once.

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Networked Stakeholders

Businesses exist within large networks of stakeholders, businesses, governments, and NGOs, each with varying perspectives.

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Study Notes

Seminar 2: Responsibility, Ethics, and Sustainability in Management

  • The seminar focuses on CSR beyond the mainstream, emphasizing responsibility, ethics, and sustainability in management.

Lecture - Part 1

  • Quiz based on readings from session 1
  • Definitions of corporate sustainability, corporate responsibility, and business ethics are discussed
  • Examination of the roles of CSR professionals
  • Integrating responsibility, ethics, and sustainability into management processes and corporate strategy

Key Concepts

  • Corporate sustainability and strategy
  • Corporate Social Responsibility
  • Business Ethics
  • Tensions around Corporate Sustainability
  • Competencies of Sustainability Professionals
  • Ethical decision making

Activity - Part 2

  • Includes an Ethics Fishbowl activity

Book Chapters

  • Relevant chapters include 3, 5, and 10

Competence Developed in Seminar

  • Focuses on ethical and responsible leadership, emphasizing acting with integrity and accountability for societal impact

Ethics Decision Dilemma

  • Students will discuss an ethics dilemma relevant to their region as a warm up

Defining Corporate Sustainability

  • Managing and balancing an enterprise's embeddedness in interrelated ecological, social, and economic systems
  • Aims for long-term ecological balance, societal welfare, and stakeholder value
  • Economic, social, and environmental issues are interconnected
  • Corporations impact and are impacted by natural, human, and social systems
  • Balancing social, environmental, and economic interests in business, avoiding trade-offs

Defining Strategy in Relation to Corporate Sustainability

  • Strategy is the direction and scope of an organization over the long term
  • Achieves advantage through configuration of resources within a changing environment
  • Meets market needs and fulfils stakeholder expectations
  • Strategic decisions concern the entire firm
  • They deal with the future, making them anticipatory and risky
  • Aim for competitive advantage and fulfilling stakeholder expectations

Corporations and Sustainability

  • Corporations engage in sustainability for instrumental, ethical, political, and stakeholder reasons

CSR Terminology

  • Corporate Sustainability: Level of Analysis = Firm embedded in larger social, environmental and economic systems (macro),
  • Corporate Responsibility: Level of Analysis = Processes w/in firms to meet social and environmental responsibilities (meso),
  • Business Ethics: Level of Analysis = Doing what is morally right in business related situations (micro)
  • Corporate Sustainability: Focus = Balancing diff sustainability related interests (avoid trade-offs)
  • Corporate Responsibility: Focus = Managerial process to enable responsible corporate action
  • Business Ethics: Focus = Morally justified actions

Sustainability Professionals

  • Tasked with advancing and implementing sustainability in organizations
  • Engage in similar activities: analyzing, controlling, and advancing sustainability
  • Most multinational companies and other organizations have created sustainability professional or manager positions
  • Climate change is their biggest challenge
  • There is 47% title of CSR manager
  • 66% interact with their CEO four 4x or more a year
  • 34% percent report to communications team

Tasks of Sustainability Professionals

  • Develop sustainability vision, strategies, and interventions
  • Create a business case for sustainability
  • Implement and monitor sustainability performance
  • Garner support and buy-in
  • Foster innovation
  • Manage the sustainable supply chain
  • Build organizational knowledge
  • Communicate with external stakeholders

Strategic Corporate Sustainability

  • Includes: Organisational Embeddeness, future orientation, Alignment with key resources, and stakeholders
  • Strategic sustainability should embed organisation practices whenever and wherever relevant
  • Corporate strategy should support the long-term goals in the competitive environment
  • Strategic plans that can be backed by a firms resources
  • Proactive management of expectations by stakeholders

Key Tensions Around Corporate Sustainability

  • Shareholder vs. Stakeholder
  • Economic vs. Social/Environmental
  • Internalization vs. Externalities
  • Mandatory vs. Voluntary
  • Global vs. Local

Characteristics of Sustainability Professionals

  • Navigate the strain between commercial and sustainability goals
  • Address conflicting goals that cannot be separated
  • They have to addressed simultaneously
  • May struggle with limited resources and support

Skills of Sustainability Professionals

  • Expected to have certain hard and soft skills to address complex job challenges
  • They require intrinsic motivation for coping with high/diverse job demands

Competencies of Sustainability Professionals

  • Require diverse qualifications (an all-rounder)
  • Expertise in cognition, functionalism, socialism and meta-orientation
  • Must be a social thinker and practical executer
  • Cognitive-oriented: foresight and instrumental understand
  • Functionalistic-oriented: management and leadership skills, and good at implimenting CSR
  • Social-oriented: good at supporting people
  • Meta-oriented: value driven, reflecting

Ethical Reflection for Corporate Sustainability

  • There must be ethics for corporate sustainability
  • The moral case for corporate sustainability emphasizes ethics
  • The ethical dilemmas are embedded into corperate sustainability
  • Important to understand normative and descriptive ethical theories
  • Ethics management with and compliance/integrity is a must
  • You must evaluate if you should do it from a personal standpoint and through business
  • Look for a way to make both ethical with reflection

Normative Ethical Theories

  • Utilitarian Ethics: maximize greatest welfare for majority/outcomes
  • Duty-based Ethics: self imposed, motivational duties
  • Virtue Ethics: equipped with virtue and moral action

Descriptive Ethics

  • What influences ethical decision-making, such as:
  • Individual, situational factors, corporate, national culture
  • Incentive to ethical behavior

Managing Ethical Reflection

  • You must be a people person and understand to make correct decisions on both sides.
  • This may cause hard ethical decisions

Ethical Reflection in Corporate Sustainability

  • Collective actors (norms and values beyond individual control) versus individuals

Sustainable Change in Organizations

  • Achieved by effectively pitching (selling project) through networking
  • Can be decoupling by main-branding
  • Strengthen influence and alliance inside and outside
  • You must show value and adapt your language/terminology

Difficulties in Implementing Sustainability Strategy

  • Difficult to measure and measure success
  • Resistance to change
  • Complexity

In Summary

  • Balancing economic, social, and environmental goals, which is complex and has interactions and inherent tensions
  • Ethics is responsible decision-making (complements the regulation
  • Change agents that can navigate organisational changes and expectations
  • They can help bed the new corporate strategies and make the correct desicions
  • Must find the balancing act of the long and short term

Ethics Fishbowl

  • Activity to allow discussion to analyze dilemma/debate

Ethics Fishbowl: Objective

  • Use of activity to decide how to integrate, ethics, responsibilities and management processes through communication (integrating different perspectives
  • Step 1. two groups, one being inside
  • Switch and rotate those who do
  • Step 2. The one inside discusses and gives statements and those outside listen to the behaviors of discussion/attitudes
  • Think of the balancing the two perspectives
  • What does that look like?

Practical tips

  • Prompts

Observer Guide

  • Discussion, management, what is better to integrate
  • To listen and reflect
  • Show skepticism and optimism in a realistic manner

Plenary Debrief

  • Feel it, challenge it through reflection
  • Did you feel it, learn it from it?
  • What challenges did it highlight?

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CSR 2025 Session 2 PDF

Description

Explore the goals and characteristics of successful strategies according to Johnson and Scholes. Understand the role of sustainability professionals in organizations, considering future orientation and organizational embeddedness in decision-making.

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