Stool Specimen Collection Procedure

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Questions and Answers

What should be used to ensure the stool specimen is preserved immediately after collection?

  • Standard refrigerants
  • 10% formalin and PVA (correct)
  • 10% saline solution
  • Distilled water and barium

Which of the following is NOT a substance that can compromise the quality of stool specimens?

  • Vitamin supplements (correct)
  • Antimicrobial agents
  • Bismuth
  • Mineral oil

What is the appropriate action if a stool specimen cannot be preserved immediately?

  • Test it as soon as possible without preservatives
  • Refrigerate and ensure it is processed within specific time constraints (correct)
  • Mix it with distilled water
  • Store it at room temperature for up to one week

What is the correct ratio for mixing stool specimen with preservative?

<p>1 volume of specimen to 3 volumes of preservative (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is it acceptable to use a stool specimen that has not been preserved immediately?

<p>If it has been refrigerated and only for antigen testing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if the first stool examination is negative?

<p>Repeat the specimen collection after 2-3 days (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions is recommended for the collection of stool specimens?

<p>Using a dry, clean, leakproof container (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a necessary step after mixing the stool specimen with preservative?

<p>Break up formed stool well for proper mixing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception regarding the preservation of stool specimens?

<p>Stool specimens can be preserved indefinitely. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to collect stool specimens before certain medications are administered?

<p>To avoid contamination of the specimen by drugs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Stool Specimen Collection

The process of collecting stool samples for analysis. It involves using a clean, leak-proof container, preserving the sample with a suitable preservative, and avoiding contamination by other substances.

Clean container

The stool sample should be collected in a clean, leak-proof container to prevent contamination. Avoid urine, water, soil, or other materials from entering the container.

Fresh Specimen

Fresh stool specimens are ideal for testing. Processing and preservation should be done immediately.

Preservative

A special substance used to preserve the sample for testing. Preservatives prevent deterioration and ensure the sample is suitable for analysis.

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Commercial Collection Kit

A commercial kit, often available from a doctor's office, provides specific instructions and supplies for collecting and preserving stool specimens.

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Formalin and PVA

Two common preservatives used for stool specimens. Formalin (10%) and PVA (polyvinyl alcohol).

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Mixing Specimen with Preservative

Stool specimens should be well mixed with the preservative to ensure all parts of the sample are preserved properly.

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Sealing the Container

The container should be sealed tightly to prevent leaks and further contamination during storage and transportation.

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Substances Affecting Specimen Analysis

Certain substances, such as antacids, mineral oil, and antibiotics, can interfere with stool specimen analysis. Collection should be done before or after these substances are used.

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Multiple Specimens

Multiple stool specimens collected at intervals of 2-3 days can help provide a comprehensive analysis and increase the chances of detecting abnormalities.

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Study Notes

Stool Specimen Collection Procedure

  • Collect stool in a dry, clean, leakproof container. Avoid contamination with urine, water, soil, or other materials.

  • Examine, process, or preserve fresh stool immediately. Refrigerated specimens are suitable only for antigen testing if preservatives are unavailable.

  • Preserve stool as soon as possible. Use commercial kits following instructions; otherwise, divide specimen and preserve in 10% formalin and PVA (polyvinyl-alcohol) in a suitable container. Mix one volume stool with three volumes preservative.

  • Ensure thorough mixing of the specimen with the preservative. Break up formed stool for proper mixing.

  • Seal specimen containers tightly. Use parafilm or similar material, and place the container within a plastic bag.

  • Certain medications interfere with stool analysis. Gather specimens before or after drug administration depending on the effect duration. Examples include: antacids, kaolin, mineral oil, non-absorbable antidiarrheal preparations, barium, bismuth (7-10 days clearance), antimicrobial agents (2-3 weeks), and gallbladder dyes (3 weeks).

  • Repeated specimen collection may be necessary if the first examination is negative. Ideally, collect and examine three specimens spaced 2-3 days apart.

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