STM 4033: Natural Toxins in Food
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary source of aflatoxin contamination in foods?

  • Soil (correct)
  • Water
  • Pests
  • Air

Which of the following foods is NOT commonly infected with aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus?

  • Peanuts
  • Grapes (correct)
  • Soybeans
  • Corn

What is the effect of aflatoxin on human health?

  • It causes cancer and cirrhosis of the liver (correct)
  • It has no harmful effect
  • It enhances enzyme activity
  • It increases antioxidant properties

What is the mechanism by which aflatoxin causes harm?

<p>By inducing mutations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a way to reduce the risk of aflatoxin contamination?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of compounds are phytates and phytic acid?

<p>Natural toxins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the optimal condition for soaking to eliminate phytates?

<p>55°C, pH 4.5-5.0 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the protein in raw egg white that binds to iron?

<p>Conalbumin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of oxalates found in spinach and rhubarb on calcium absorption?

<p>They inhibit calcium absorption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of consuming large amounts of cassava or fruit pits containing cyanogenic glycosides?

<p>Poisonings (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of cooking on solanine and chaconine in potatoes?

<p>They are not destroyed by heat (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Agaricus bisporus mushrooms on mice?

<p>They promote cancer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the action level for saxitoxin equivalent in paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP)?

<p>0.8 ppm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of heating on mycotoxins?

<p>It completely destroys them at high temperatures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of eating raw food in terms of natural toxins?

<p>It reduces exposure to some natural toxins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the action level for okadaic acid plus 35-methyl okadaic acid in diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP)?

<p>0.2 ppm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recognized fish poisoning syndrome in the United States?

<p>Flavonoid poisoning (FP) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of roasting peanuts on the toxicity of aflatoxin B1?

<p>It reduces the toxicity by 70% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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