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STM 4033: Natural Toxins in Food

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary source of aflatoxin contamination in foods?

Soil (correct)

Water

Pests

Air

Which of the following foods is NOT commonly infected with aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus?

Peanuts

Grapes (correct)

Soybeans

Corn

What is the effect of aflatoxin on human health?

It causes cancer and cirrhosis of the liver (correct)

It has no harmful effect

It enhances enzyme activity

It increases antioxidant properties

What is the mechanism by which aflatoxin causes harm?

By inducing mutations Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a way to reduce the risk of aflatoxin contamination?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What type of compounds are phytates and phytic acid?

Natural toxins Signup and view all the answers

What is the optimal condition for soaking to eliminate phytates?

55°C, pH 4.5-5.0 Signup and view all the answers

What is the protein in raw egg white that binds to iron?

Conalbumin Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of oxalates found in spinach and rhubarb on calcium absorption?

They inhibit calcium absorption Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of consuming large amounts of cassava or fruit pits containing cyanogenic glycosides?

Poisonings Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of cooking on solanine and chaconine in potatoes?

They are not destroyed by heat Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Agaricus bisporus mushrooms on mice?

They promote cancer Signup and view all the answers

What is the action level for saxitoxin equivalent in paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP)?

0.8 ppm Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of heating on mycotoxins?

It completely destroys them at high temperatures Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of eating raw food in terms of natural toxins?

It reduces exposure to some natural toxins Signup and view all the answers

What is the action level for okadaic acid plus 35-methyl okadaic acid in diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP)?

0.2 ppm Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recognized fish poisoning syndrome in the United States?

Flavonoid poisoning (FP) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of roasting peanuts on the toxicity of aflatoxin B1?

It reduces the toxicity by 70% Signup and view all the answers